Viveka Vani January 2012 Issue
sºkÔkVË
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´ \V> ÷>μ sºkÔV™Õ>A´D, Ô[MBVz\ˆ ä 629 702
k¬ÔD! kVÚ∫Ô^!!
ÿkπX‚| ∂KkÈÔD
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D, 5 ä E∫Ô´VflƒVˆ ÿ>Ú, ]Úk_o¬ºÔË, ÿƒ[Á™ ä 600 005
∂[A^· kVƒÔ ºÂBÏÔ”¬z, Â\¸ÔV´D. sºkÔkVËl[ ¤™kˆ ä 2012 ÷>μ kVƒÔÏÔ”¬z \™D WÁ≈Õ> ÿ√V∫Ô_ kVμ›m¬ÔÁ·› >V∫˛ kÚ˛≈m. ¤™kˆ ä 12 ∑kVt˜l[ ∏≈Õ> ÂVÁ·¬ z§¬zD kıD ∂kÚÁ¶B ]Ú°Úk© √¶›Á> ÷Às>μ ∂‚Á¶l_ >V∫˛ kÚ˛≈m. ∂kÁ´© √u§ ƒ´› ƒÕ]´ ƒ¬Ô´kÏ›] ®ø]B m] \V>D ŒÚ \Õ]´\VÔ ÿkπBV˛≈m. ∑kVt˜ ÔV‚ΩB kal_ W[Æ º>ƒ©√Ë, ÿ>Fk©√Ë, \M>ºÂB© √Ë guƺkV\VÔ! ∑kVt˜l[ yÏ¬Ô >ˆƒ™›Á>¬ z§¬zD kıD AÔμÿ√u≈ sfiQVM ®ø]B Ô‚|Á´•D ÷Às>a_ ÿkπBV˛≈m. ∏´kD ®–D mig_DÔV´D ÿ>V¶Ï 251äkm >kÁÁB ®‚Ω•^·m. mig_DÔV´D ®[≈VºÈ \Vı˘¬˛B c√W≠>D, ∂>uz pÿÔ·¶√V>Ï ®ø]B ÔVˆÁÔ ÷kuƬz g]ƒ∫Ô´´Ï ®ø]B cÁ´ ÷ÁkºB x>o_ ÂD Ôı x[ kÚk™. ÷À°Á´ÁB p\› ∑kVt ÔD¨´V™Õ>V˜l[ g∫˛È ÿ\Va ÿ√BÏ©A kaºB >twV¬ÔD ÿƒFm sºkÔkVËl_ ÿkπl|˛º≈VD. mig_DÔV´›][ \˛Á\ÁB© º√Vu§B ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ c^·›]uz ÷©√Ë cÔÕ>m gzD. ∏≈ ∂Dƒ∫Ô^ ÷¶kƒ]¬ºÔu√ ÿkπBV˛[≈™.
¤™kˆ ä 2012
>kD 27 ¤™kˆ ä 2012
÷©√Ω¬z, ÷Á≈k[ √Ël_, sºkÔkVË
ÿ>VÁȺ√E: (044) ä 28440042/28442843 ~ÿ\l_: [email protected]
ºƒÁk ä 9
>M©∏´] ‘. 7/ä, gı|flƒÕ>V ‘. 75/ä, ÷´ı¶Vı|fl ƒÕ>V ‘. 140/ä, J[≈Vı|fl ƒÕ>V ‘. 200/ä, g•‚ƒÕ>V (10 gı|Ô^) ‘. 700/ä, ÿkπÂV‚| gı|fl ƒÕ>V 20 ¶VÈÏÔ^.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
1
¤™kˆ 12 ∑kVt˜ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ ∂‚Á¶©√¶ s·¬ÔD
\V>D ŒÚ \Õ]´D
√ˆƒºk] sºkÔV™Õ>Ï
JÏ›> \º«¸k´ xÎÎkÈ √V¸Ô´ti¶ \\´ ´kÕ›BD/ kÕº> ºk> >– xfi˜> ÔÏN> ÔVfiflƒ™ ÔVtM √Õ>D// ºÔVΩ√V–Ô´ y©> LD« \º«V ÔΩ>Ω ÿÔ·¨™ kÕ›>D/ ∂¨´ ¨⁄∫ÔV´ ÂV]> ]∫x¬Ô ©´ƒı¶ >Vı¶k ÕÚ›BD// A¬]x¬] ¬Ú√V Ô¶V≥ ©º´≥ \Ô>È s>È Â > ≥D/ √Vȃ՛´ >´ tÕm kÕ›B t« ÿ·t zÚ sºkÔV™Õ>D// ää ƒ´› ƒÕ›´ ƒ¬Ô´kÏ›] ÂV[ sºkÔV™Õ>Á´ k∫z˛º≈[. ∂kº´ ®[ g[*Ô kaÔV‚Ω gkVÏ. ∂kº´ ÂV[ ka√|k>uzˆBkÏ. ∂kÏ EkM[ ]ÚkΩkD. ÛˆBÁ™© º√V_ Œπ T∑√kÏ. \V–¶ÏÔ”D, º>kÏÔ”D ∂kÁ´ k∫zkÏ. ∂kº´ ºk>∫Ôπ[ ]¶kΩkD. ∂kÏ ÔV\›Á>•D, √›>VÁƒÁB•D xu§K\VÔ ÿk[≈kÏ. ∂Ák ÔıΩ¬Ô› >zÕ>Ák >Vº™! ∂kÏ \M>ÏÔ”^ ŒÚ E∫ÔD º√V[≈kÏ. ºÔVΩ ÛˆB© ∏´ÔVƒD ÿÔVı¶kÏ. m≈sÔ^ ∂Ë•D Eu≈VÁ¶ºB ∂ËÕ>kÏ. ∂kÏ EkÁ™© º√V_ g|D >Vı¶k›>V_ ]ÁƒÔ^ ∂]Ï˛[≈™. ∂kÏ ‘‘∂fiƒVº> ∂fiƒVº>’’ ®[Æ ÔϘ¬˛≈VÏ. ∂kÏ ÔÁ¶¬ÔıË[ √VÏÁk Œ[º≈ º√VÔ›Á>•D, º\V≥›Á>•D ∂π¬Ôk_Èm. yÁ\l[ Ì‚¶∫ÔÁ· ∂kÏ ®π>VÔ Â∑¬˛ s|˛≈VÏ. ∂kÏ √VȃÕ]´Á™› >ÁÈl_ >V∫zD EkÁ™© º√V[≈kº´. ∂kÁ´ ‘÷Õm’kV˛B ÂV[ ka√|˛º≈[. (÷Õm ÔsQˆ[ AÁ™©ÿ√BÏ )
∑kVt ƒ>V™Õ>V
2
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºk>›][ c‚ÿ√VÚ^
∏´kD ®–D mig_DÔV´D (251)
\Vı˘¬B c√W≠>D
ÿÔ·¶√V> ÔVˆÁÔl[ ƒ∫Ô´ √ViBD
∂›]BVBD ä 1 : gÔ\©´Ô´D (ºk> JÈ√V¶›][ cÁ´) √ViBÔV´ˆ[ ∏´VÏ›>Á™ : 1) ÂV[ ∏´D\›Á> k∫z˛[º≈[.
∏´D\D, (sa©A WÁÈl_) #È© ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ· ∂–√s¬˛[≈m; ÷>uÿÔ™ ∂m, \V–¶ È‚EB∫Ô^ BVkuÁ≈•D ª|Ú°˛[≈m. >[ \V≈V> ∏´ÎÁQl[ ˛´∫ÔÁ· \V–¶ È‚EB∫Ô^ ∂Á™›][ ª|D ÔÁ´Õm √´kfl ÿƒF˛[≈m. ÷Õ>© ∏´ÎÁQ ∂Áƒk™, ∂ Áƒ BV ] Ú © √ ™ ∂Á™›Á>•D c^·¶¬˛Bm. ∏´D\D (Ô™° ®–D WÁÈl_) ®_ÈVkÁÔBV™ ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ·•D ∂ Ú Õ m ˛ [ ≈ m. (c´©√¶V> >[M_ ®_ÈVkuÁ≈•D ÷Á¬˛[≈m) ÷ © ÿ√V Ú ^ Ô ^ gÁƒBV_ cı¶V¬Ô©√|˛[≈™. (ÿƒBÈVKD, ∂§BVÁ\BVKD ̶ cı¶V¬Ô©√|˛[≈™) ∂Ák ∂§kV_ ŒπR‚¶©√|k™. ∏ ´ D \ D c≈∫zÁÔl_ g™Õ>›Á> ∂–√s¬˛[≈m. \VÁBl[ JÈD ÂVD ∂–√s¬zD√Ω ÿƒF˛[≈m. \VÁBl[ ºÂV¬˛_ ∂m ÂV[ÔVk>VÔ ®ı©√|˛[≈m. ∏´D\º\ √´D; ∂x>D; ∏≈kV>m. 2) ∂Õ> ÂV[ÔVk>V™ Œ[Æ ÂDÁ\¬ ÔV¬z\VÔ. ∂m >[Á™ ÷©∏´√fiƒ›m¶[ n¬˛B©√|›]¬ ÿÔVı¶∏≈z (sa©A WÁÈl_) #È©ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ· ∂–√s¬˛[≈m. ∂Ák Â_ÈÁk (yBÁk)BV_ cı¶V¬Ô©√‚¶Ák. º\KD (Ô™° WÁÈl_) >[ Œπ JÈ\VÔºk, ∂–√s¬Ô›>¬Ô ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ· OÔÏ˛[≈m. ÷Ák ∂>[ A›]l™VºÈºB cı¶V¬Ô©√‚¶Ák. Ô™ku≈ c≈¬Ô›]_ (∑£©]l_) ∂m ÷Ák ∂Á™›Á>•D >™¬z^ c¶™ΩBVÔ ÷ø›m¬ ÿÔV^˛[≈m. ÷Æ]l_ ∂m z∫Ô^, kÏÁ™Ô^ ∂Á™›]_ ÷ÚÕmD s|√|˛[≈m. ŒÀÿkVÚ >MflE≈©Á√•D, ºkÆ√V‚Á¶•D ∂m ÔÁ·Õm s|˛[≈m.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
3
x[–Á´ : ‘‘mig_D ®–D ®ø›m >V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›m\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛[≈m.
∂>Á™© √u§B ÿ>πkV™ s·¬ÔD ÿ>V¶Ï˛[≈m (\Vı˘ I.i.1) ºk>VÕ>¬ ÔÚ›m¬Ôπ[ ƒV´›Á> ∑Ú¬˛¬ ÌÆD ÔV ˆ ÁÔ l [ ÷ Õ > ÂV [ z ∂›]BVB∫Ô^ ‘‘mig_D ®–D ®ø›m >V[ ÷Ák BV°D’’ ®[≈ JÈ√V¶›m¶[ mk∫z˛[≈™. ∂>[√Ω, ƒD√Õ>D (A›>Ô›]uzD, s≠B›]uzD c^· ÿ>V¶ÏA) s≠BD (±uÿ√VÚ^) ∏´D\, g›\ n¬˛BD, ±u√B[ (º\V‚ƒD) g˛BÁk c √ W ≠ > › ] K D, ÔVˆÁÔlKD Œ[º≈. gl–D ∂>Á™ ŒÚ g´VFflE ±o_ skˆ¬Ô sÚDA√kÏ, ∂kuÁ≈fl ∑Ú¬Ô\VÔfl ÿƒV_o›>V[ gÔºkı|D. ÷m ÿ>V¶Ï√VÔ ŒÚ s≠B›Á>¬ ÔkM¬Ô ºkı|D. ŒÚ ƒV›]´ ±_ (∂m ºk>VÕ>\Vl–D, ºk>VÕ>›Á>© √u§B g´VFflE ±_ gl–D) È‚EB›m¬z ∂OÌÈ\V™ g[*Ô¬ Ô‚|©√V|ÔÁ· ÿkπ¬ ÌÆ˛[≈m; ∂>™V_ ∂]_ ŒÚ s≠BD (c‚ÿ√VÚ^) kÕm s|˛[≈m. ÷À°ıÁ\l™V_ ∂Õ±_ \Á≈xÔ\VÔ EÈ s≠B∫ÔÁ·© ÿ√uÆ s|˛[≈m. 1) ÿ>πkV™ (±_ ä s≠B) c≈° 2) s≠BD (c‚ÿ√VÚ^, 3) √B[ (º\V‚ƒD). Ì≈kÕ> √B[ >V[ ®[™? ∂>Á™ s·¬zºkVD. ŒÚ \M>M[ ƒV>V´ c¶_WÁÈ, ºÂVl™V_ √V]¬Ô©√‚¶V_, ºÂVF yÏ©√]_ >V[ È‚EBD ÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ∂mº√V_, g›\Vs[ ƒV>V´ WÁÈ m[√© ∏Á©∏™V_ >V[ ÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ∂mº√V_, g›\Vs[ ƒV>V´ WÁÈ m[√© ∏Á©∏™V_ >V¬zı|, ÷Ú¬zDº√Vm ÷ÚÁ\ cÁ¶B, (A≈ kB) cÈÔD yÏÕm (›Ák>© ∏´√fiƒD) º√VF s|k>V_, ÷_ÈV\_ º√VFs|k>V_ (g›\V) ]ÚD√© ÿ√≈©√|˛[≈m. ∂›Ák> cϺk ±u√B™VD. mÁk>© ∏´√fiƒD (÷ÚÁ\© √Á¶©A) ∂k›Á> ®–D ∂fiQV™›>V_ cı¶V¬Ô©√|˛[≈m. ∂>Á™ QV™›]™V_ ∂a¬Ô xΩ•D. ∏´D\ QV™›Á> ∂Ú·ºk ÷Õ±_ mk∫Ô©√|˛≈m. ÷Õ> cıÁ\ ºk> Jȱ_Ô·V_ WÆk©√|˛[≈m. mÁk>D ÷Ú¬zD º√Vm, (º>V[ÆDº√Vm) ŒÚk[ ®Á>ºBV xÔÏ˛[≈V[. ®Á>ºBV ÔVı˛≈V[. (∏Ú« II.iv.14) ÷m ÷ÀkV§Ú¬Ô; x>_ ∂›]BVBD, ‘mig_D’ ®[√>[ ÿ√VÚÁ·› yÏ\VM¬zD ys´ ®ıD ÿÔVı¶m. ∂m √V´D√ˆB ºk> QV™›Á> ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ¬ ÿÔVı¶m. g›\Vs[ ƒ›]B›Á> W‘∏¬Ô c>°km. ÷´ı¶Vkm
4
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂›]BVBD >ϬԩØÏk\VÔ, ÷ÚÁ\© ∏´√fiƒ›][ cıÁ\u≈ >[Á\ÁB W‘∏¬zD >[Á\Bm. ÷ÚÁ\© ∏´√fiƒD ŒaÕm (yÏÕm) º√V™ c¶[ ‘‘∂›Ák>D’’ ˛‚|˛[≈m. √VDA ®–D sÔ_√D (ÿ√VF› º>Vu≈D) (Ôlu§[ *m Ôu∏¬Ô©√‚¶m) ¿¬Ô©√‚¶mD Ôlu§[ cıÁ\›>[Á\ ∂Á¶B©√|˛≈m. J[≈Vkm ∂›BVBD ÷Ú©√Á> ∂›Ák> ƒ›]B›Á> •¬]l™V_ (>Ϭԛ]™V_) WÆkºk. ÷_ÈVs‚¶V_ ∂m°D ÷›>ÁÔB kV>›]™V_ ÷_ÁÈ ®[Æ Ì≈©√‚|s|º\! ÂV[ÔVkm ∂›BVBD, ºk>›m¬z© A≈D√V™ >ˆƒ™∫ÔÁ· \Æ¬Ô xu√|˛≈m. ÷©√ˬz ∂ku§[ kV>∫ÔÁ·ºB √B[√|›m˛≈m. ºk>›m¬z© A≈D√V™Ák, ∂›Ák>›]uz ®]´V™Ák. (∂›Ák>›>V_ WÆk©√‚¶ ÷ÚÁ\ ÷[Á\). ∂Ák]Ô >ˆƒ™∫Ô^, ÷Õ> ∂ƒ›]B mÁk>›]_ E¬˛ ÷Ú©√™. ÷>uzfl ƒV[Æ ∂Ák Œ[Á≈ Œ[Æ ®]Ï©√º>! mig_DÔV´›][ ÿ√VÚÁ·› yÏ\VM©√m, g›\ ƒ›B›Á> c´ c>°km ®©√Ω? ÷>[ √]ÁÈ Ô¶ I.ii.15 x>oB ºk> JÈ\Õ]´∫Ô^ ÌÆ˛[≈™. ®_ÈV ºk>∫Ô”D Œº´ z´o_ ®>Á™ È‚EB\VÔ¬ ÌÆ˛[≈™ºkV, ®>Á™› >k∫Ô^ ∂Á™›mD ÌÆ˛[≈™ºkV, ®>Á™ sÚD∏ \¬Ô^ ∏´D\flƒˆB›Á>¬ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω¬˛[≈™º´V ∂mºk ÷m (mig_D). ÷Õ>› mÁºB tÔflE≈Õ>m (Ô.c). mig_ v›B ÔV\V ÷Õ> mig_DÔV´›][ cıÁ\l_ ∏´D\D (√´©∏´D\xD, ∂√´©∏´D\xD) (∏´fl™) g›\Vs[ *m mig_D ®[Æ ]BV™D ÿƒFÔ (Á\›Z). mig_D ®[√º> ∏´D\[ (Á>.c) cıÁ\l_ mig_D >V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD (ƒVÕ). ÷Õ> ºk> ±_Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm ÿ>ˆB kÚkÿ>[™? ∂›Ák> (÷´ı¶u≈) g›\Vºk √´\ ƒ›]BD gzD. ÷Ú©∏–D ∂m, ∏´V[ x>oB ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈∫Ôπ[ ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ ÷Ú©√m gzD. √VDA ®–D ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈›]uz, ÔlÆ ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ ÷Ú©√mº√V_ gzD. ∂mº√VȺk mig_D ®[√m º√flE[ (kV¬˛[) \VÆ√V|Ô^ ∂Á™›][ ∂Ω©√Á¶ gzD. g›\Vs[ ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈∫Ô·V™ ∏´V[ x>oB™, º√flE[ (kV¬˛[) c^”Á≈© ÿ√VÚ^ gzD. mig_D ®[√m ∂Ω©√Á¶l_ g›\Vºk gzD. ∞ÿ™M_ mig_D g›\VÁk›>V[ z§¬˛[≈m. g›\Vs[ ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈∫Ô^ ∂Á™›mD, ∏´V ƒ¬] º√V[≈ ∂Á™›mD, mig_D ®[√>[ \VÆ√V|Ôπ™V_ z§©∏¶©√|˛[≈™. ∂Ák >D ÿ√BÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm sÈ˛› >M›m ÷Ú©√Ák ∂_È. ÷ÀkVÆ ºk> JÈ ±_Ô^ ÌÆ˛[≈™. \Vu≈∫Ô^ BV°D ÿ√B´·°¬z›>V[ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. \Vu≈›][ mÁBVÔ g>´kVÔ, º√fl∑ (kV¬z) ÷Ú¬˛[≈m (ƒV.c). ‘‘∏´D\›][ cÈÔ› º>Vu≈∫Ô^ ∂Á™›mD º√fl∑ ®–D ±ÈVKD, ÿ√BÏÔ^ ®[≈ ÷ÁwÔ·VKD ºÔVϬԩ√‚| ÷Ú¬˛[≈™.’’ gÔºk ‘‘mig_D ÷] ∞>› ∂≥´D ÷>D vÏkD’’ mig_D ®[≈ ®ø›m›>V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ®[˛[≈m c√W≠>D.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
5
c√W≠>D: mig_t›ºB>>≥´t>D vÏkD >¸ºBV√ÀBV¬BV™D Ø>D √k› √siB]] vÏkº\V∫ÔV´ ∞k! BflƒV[B› ›ˆÔVÈVy>D >>©ºBV∫ÔV´ ∞k!
1) mig_D ®–D ®ø›m›>V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD. ÷>Á™© √u§B ŒÚ ÿ>πkV™ cÁ´ ÷∫ºÔ ÿ>V¶∫z˛[≈m. ÷ÚÕ>m, ÷Ú©√m, ®]ÏÔVÈD ∂Á™›mD cıÁ\l_ mig_D >V[. x¬ÔVÈ›m¬zD ∂©√Vu√‚¶>VÔ ®m ÷Ú¬˛[≈º>V ∂m°D cıÁ\l_ mig_D >V[. ÿ√BÏÔ·V_ z§©∏¶©√‚|^· ÷©ÿ√VÚ^Ô^ BV°º\, ÿ√BÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm ºkÆ√‚¶Ák ∂_È! ÿ√BÏÔ^ ‘mig_D’ ÷_ ÷ÚÕm ºkÆ√‚¶Ák ∂_È. gÔºk ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ‘mig_D’ >V[. ÿ√BÚ¬zD ∂m z§¬zD ÿ√VÚ”¬zD ÷Á¶l_ WÈ°D c≈s[ JȺ\ √´Dÿ√VÚ^ ∂§B©√|˛[≈m. ∂>™V_ ∂m°D ‘mig_D’ >V[. >¸B = ∂>–Á¶B, ÷Õ> ‘mig_D’ ®–D ®ø›]–Á¶B ä ÷m º\ÈV™ ∏´D\D. √´©∏´D\D, ˇwV™ ∏´D\D (∂√´©∏´D\D) g˛BÁkºB. c√ÀBV¬BV™D. ÿ>πkV™ cÁ´ ∂m ∏´D\›m¬z ∂Ú˛_ ÷Ú©√m, ∂m ∏´D\›Á> ∂Á¶B ŒÚkaBVÔ ÷Ú©√mD >V[. Ø>D ®[≈V_ ÷≈Õ> ÔVÈD, √k› ®[≈V_ WÔμÔVÈD, √siB› ®[≈V_ ®]ÏÔVÈD ÷] = ®ÿ>_ÈVD ÔVÈD √u§B JkÁÔ¬ ÔÚ›m¬Ô·V_ kÁ´BÁ≈ ÿƒFB©√‚|^·º>V ∂m. vÏkD mig_DÔV´ ∞k = ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ‘mig_D’ >V[.
ƒ B› ›ˆÔVÈVy>D = ÷Ú¬zD ºkÿ≈m°D, ÔVÈ›][ J[Æ ∏ˆ°¬zD ∂©√Vu√‚¶mD, ÔVÈ›>V_ kÁ´BƬԩ√¶V\_, ∂>[ sÁ·kV_ ª˛›>§B©√|km ®mºkV ÿkπ›º>V[≈V>, ∂ÀBV¬Ú>D ®mºkV, ∂m°D ∏≈°D, >› ∂∏ = ∂m°D, mig_∫ÔV´ ∞k ä cıÁ\l_ mig_DÔV´D >V[.
ŒÚ ÿƒV_KD ∂>™V_ z§¬Ô©√|D ÿ√VÚ”D ºkÆ ºkÆ ∂_È. ÷Ú©∏–D, JÈ√V¶›]_, ‘‘mig_D ®[≈ ®ø›º> ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD’’ ®[Æ
6
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
Ì≈©√‚ΩÚ©√m, ∂Õ>fl ÿƒV_K¬z ∂]Ô x¬˛B›mkD ÿÔV|›m^·m. x>o_ ÿƒV_ *m ∂ø›>D ÿÔV|›m kÚˬԩ√‚¶ ∂º> ÿ√VÚ^, \Æ√Ω•D ÿ√VÚ”¬z x¬˛B›mkD ÿÔV|›m¬ Ì≈©√‚ΩÚ©√m, ∞ÿ™M_ ÿ√ B Ú D (ÂV\D) ÿ√ B ´V _ z§©∏¶©√‚ΩÚ©√mD (ÂV*) Œ[º≈ ®[√Á>© AˆÕm ÿÔV^· kƒ]BVÔ›>V[. ÷_ÈVsΩ_ ÿ√VÚ·V™m ÿ√BÁ´fl ƒVÏÕm, ÷Ú©√>VÔ¬ ÿÔV^·©√‚|, ÿ√VÚ”D ÿ√BÚD Œ[º≈ ®[√m, ÷´ı¶Vt¶›m¬z› >^·©√‚| s|º\! ∂Ák ÷´ı|D Œ[º≈ ®[Æ ∂§B©√¶ºkı|km ∞[? ÷Ák ÷´ı|D Œ[º≈ ®[√m WÁÈWÆ›>©√‚¶V_, ƒV>Ô[ Œº´ xBuEl_ ÿ√BÏ ÿ√VÚ^ ÷´ıÁ¶•D sȬ˛, ∏´D\›Á> ∂§BÈVD. ∏´D\D ÷´ıΩoÚÕmD ºk≈V™m gzD. ÷Á>›>V[ c√W≠>D ®‚¶VD \Õ]´›]_ ÌÆD √V>∫Ô^>V[ (ÔV_kVEÔ^ >V[ mig_D ®[√>[ ®ø›m¬Ô^, ®ø›m¬Ô^>V[ √V>∫Ô^ (ÔV_kVEÔ^) ÷©º√Vm c√W≠>D ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ∏´D\º\ ®[√Á>© º√∑˛[≈m.
ºvVSB\V›\V vÏkD „ºB>› ∏´D«VB\V›\V ©´D« ºvV B\V›\V ƒmi√V›ä2ä
÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ∏´D\º\! (WflƒBD). ÷Õ> g›\V ∏´D\D. ÷ÀkVÆ ÷Ú¬zD g›\V ÂV[z √V>∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı¶m.
vÏkD ∞>› = ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD, mig_D ®[Æ º√ƒ©√‚¶Ák ∂Á™›mD, ©´D\D ∏´D\º\. \Á≈xÔ\VÔ© º√ƒ©√‚¶ ∏´D\D, ÷©º√Vm ºÂˆÁ¶BVÔ, ]‚¶k‚¶\VÔ, ∂BD g›\V ∏´D\. ÷Õ> g›\V ∏´D\D ®[Æ Ì≈©√|˛[≈m. ÷Õ> g›\Vºk ∏´D\D ®[≈ JÈ√V¶›]_ ÂV[z √z]Ô·VÔ© ∏ˆ¬Ô©√‚¶>VÔ ∂º> g›\V, ŒÚkˆ[ gw\V™ ∂Õ>´∫Ô\V™ g›\V ä ÷>Á™ ä ÷Õ> ä ®–D ÿƒV_ ÁÔÁB ÷>B›]_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı| ÿƒV_È©√|˛[≈m. v: ∂BD g›\V = mig_D ®[Æ z§¬Ô©√‚|, cBÏÕ> ∏´D\\VÔ°D, >VμÕ> ∏´D\\VÔ°D, ÷Ú©√m, ƒmi√V› = ÂV[z √V>∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı¶m. (ÔVÏ≠√D º√VÈ, √∑Ák© º√VÈ_È; √V>D ®[≈ ÿƒV_K¬z, ÔV_, ÔV_kVE ®[Æ ÿ√VÚ^Ô^ cı|. ÔV_kVE ®[≈ ÿ√VÚ^ ÷∫z ∞uÔ©√|D. ŒÚ ÔVÏ≠√D EÆ ÔV∑Ô·VÔ \Vu≈©√¶¬ÌΩBm. ÂV[z EÆ ÔV∑Ô^ ŒÚ√V>D (ÔV_kVE) gzD. ®‚| EÆÔV∑Ô^ ŒÚ ∂Á´©√D gzD. ÿ√ˆB ÔVE_ E§B ÔV∑Ô^ >∫Ô^ >M›>[Á\ÁB ÷wÕm s|˛[≈™. ∂ÀkVº≈ sflkD, Á>¤LKD, Á>¤vD ©´VÎQ›]KD, ∏´VÎQD mZB›]KD ÿƒ[Æ ÷ÁÕm
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
7
n¬˛B\V˛ s|˛[≈™. √V>D ®[≈ ÿƒV_ ]¶©ÿ√VÚ^ ®>Á™•D z§©√]_ÁÈ. ÂV[ÔVk>V™ mZBD cıÁ\ÿB™ c´©√|km, Œ[≈[ ∏[ Œ[≈VÔ xÕÁ>B J[Á≈•D (s∑kD x>ÈVÔ) ÷Á©√][JÈD. JÈ√V¶›]_ √>D ®[≈ ÿƒV_, Ô´D ®[≈ ÔÚs ®[≈ ÿ√VÚπ_ x>_ J[Æ √V>∫ÔπKD ÔÚ\D (ÿƒB©√|ÿ√VÚ^) ®[≈ ÿ√VÚπ_ mZB›]KD √B[√|˛[≈m.
mig_DÔV´xD, ÔVB›Z•D
∑kVt EkV™Õ>V
mig_D ®[√m tÔ°D AM>\V™ ŒuÁ≈ ∂ÁƒBVzD. ∂m ŒÚ ÷Á≈ ´ÔEB mig_ÁƒBVzD. ÂVD clÏ kVμkmD ∂ÁƒkmD mig_DÔV´›]_ >V[. mig_Dä÷_ ÂVD mig_F° ®|¬˛º≈VD. mig_t_ ÂD º>¶ÁÈfl ÿƒF˛º≈VD. mig_D ®[√m ∏´D\›][ ∂Á¶BV·fl E[™D gzD. ∂m ƒ¬] kVFÕ> ÿƒV_ gzD. mig_D >V[ ƒflE>V™Õ>D. mig_D >V[ ∂™Õ>D, mig_D >V[ \´t[Á\ ä ∂tÏ>D. mig_D >V[ ∂Á™›]uzD º>VuÆkVF. mig_D>V[ ºk>∫Ôπ[ ÔÚ©Á√. mig_D>V[ ÿ\VaÔ^ ∂Á™›]uzD ∂Ω©√Á¶. AM>∫Ô^ J[ÆD mig_t_ ÷ÁÕm n¬˛BD g˛[≈™. mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm >V[ mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›mD mk∫z˛[≈™. mig_t_ >V[ ∂Á™›m© ÿ√VÚ^Ô”D >∫˛ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. mig_D >V[ >ÁÈE≈Õ> \Õ]´D. mig_D >V[ ºvV«D. (ÂVº™ ä ∂kÏ ) mig_D ®[√m ŒÚ Â_ÈVEfl ÿƒV_. mig_D c∫Ô^ ¶›Á>¬z kaÔV‚|D √VÁ>¬z Œπ >ÚD.
∑kVt EkV™Õ>V
√´Dÿ√VÚπ[ Œo kΩsÈV™ A≈›º>Vu≈D : mig_D ®[√m
∏´D\›][ ÷Á≈ ´ÔEB mig_Áƒ. mig_Áƒ ®[√m ∂]ÏÿkVo gzD. mig_D >V[ mig_Áƒl[ x>_ ∂]ÏÿkVo gzD. mig_Áƒ >V[ √´Dÿ√VÚπ[ x>_ ÿkπ©√V| gzD. Â\¬z √´Dÿ√VÚÁ·© √u§ Œ[ƺ\ ÿ>ˆBVm. ∂m ÷Ú¬˛≈m ®[√m \‚|º\ ÿ>ˆ•D. ƒV›]´∫Ô^ ÷©√Á¶©A© √u§ s·¬Ô°D ∂m √´Dÿ√VÚπ_ ÷ÚÕm ®©√Ω ÿkπkÕ>m ®[Æ Ì≈°D xu√|˛[≈™.
8
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ƒV›]´∫Ô^ ÌÆ˛[≈™. g›\V ∂_Èm ∏´D\D ®[√m Œ[º≈. ∂m ÷´ı¶u≈m. ∂m ®ıËBm: ‘‘ÂV[ Œ[º≈, √ÈkVÔ gºk[’’ ÷>™V_ ŒÚ ∂]Ï° ∞u√‚¶m. ∂m ÷Æ]l_ ŒoÁB ÿkπ©√|›]uÆ. ∂Õ> Œo>V[ mig_D. mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm ∏≈∂Á™›mD ÿkπ©√‚¶™. ÷Às>›]_ mig_Áƒ >V[ √Á¶©√Á™›m¬zD g>V´D ®[º≈ ÂVD AˆÕm ÿÔV^· xΩ•D. ∏´D\›][ ∂y> ÷B_Á√ (∂Á™›Á>•D Ô¶Õ> ÷B_Á√) AˆÕm ÿÔV^·ºk ÷BÈVm. ∂>Á™ tÔ°D ÿÂÚ∫zD ka mig_Áƒ >V[. ∂y> ∏´D\›][ x>_ ÿkπ›º>Vu≈D mig_Áƒ>V[.
mig_D mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›]uzD g>V´D: A≈©ÿ√VÚ^Ô^ ∂Á™›mD
mig_ÁƒÔ·V_ (ÿ√BÏ mig_ÁƒÔ·V_) z§©∏¶©√|˛[≈™. ∂Á™›m mig_ÁƒÔ”D mig_Dä÷_ º√VF ÷ÁÕm n¬˛BD ∂Á¶˛[≈™. º√fl∑ Œo ∂Á™›mD ÿƒVuÔ^ ∂Á™›mD º√VF ŒÚ mig_Áƒl_ xΩkÁ¶•D. ∂mºk mig_D. gÔºk ÷À°ÈÔD xøkmD mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm ÿkπkÕ>m, mig_t_ >∫˛ ÷Ú¬˛≈m. mig_t_ ÔÁ´Õm xΩ˛≈m. Á‚Ω∫ºÔo[ ÷MB √V¶_ (÷´V©√VΩ¬ zÚsl[ √V¶_) º>Ãl[ Z∫ÔV´D, ÷Áƒl[ ∞ø ∑´∫Ô^, tÚ>∫Ô mig_Áƒ, TÁ, zw_ Œo, ED\ ÔϤÁ™, ÔV>È[ √V‚|, z]Á´ ÔÁ™›>_, ÂVÔ©√VD∏[ Êu≈ Œo, ºÂV•u≈kˆ[ x™Ô_, zwÕÁ>l[ ∂øÁÔ, ÷Õ> mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›mD mig_t_ ÷ÚÕm º>V[§BÁkºB. Ô∫ÁÔ ¿º´V‚¶›][ mig_Áƒ, ÿ>VÁÈs_ Œo¬zD Œo, ƒÕÁ>l[ Ì‚ÿ¶Vo, ÷BÕ]´›][ ƒ¬Ô´›Á>fl ∑wuÆDº√Vm ®øD Œo, \ÁwºBVÁƒ, ÷ÁkBÁ™›mD mig_DÔV´ mig_Áƒ› º>Vu≈∫Ôº·. ®Õ> mig_ÁƒÁB© √z›m© √VÏ›>VKD ∂]_ mig_D ÔV©√|D. mig_D ∂Á™›Á>•D ª|Ús Wu˛≈m. gÔVƒ›Á>© º√VȺk. ∏´D\›Á>© º√VȺk. mig_D mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›]uzD g>V´D. ∂]_ ∂äcä\ ®[Æ J[Æ mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂¶∫˛ c^·™. ÷Õ> J[ÆD mig_Áƒ ∂]Ïs[ kÁÔÔ^ ∂Á™›Á>•D c^·¶¬˛s|D. ÿ>VıÁ¶ (z´_ kÁ·•D) ∂ıxD mig_Áƒ ®øD >·∫Ô^ gzD. ä∂ä ®[Æ ¿∫Ô^ Œo¬zDº√Vm, ÂV¬z, ∂ıD ÷ku§[ ®Õ>©√z]•D ÿ>V¶©√¶Vm. äcä ®[Æ ¿∫Ô^ cflƒˆ¬zDº√Vm, kVl[ ∂Ω©√z] ºkˆ_ ÷ÚÕm, kVl_ mig_Áƒ ®ø©AD >·›][ xΩ°© √z] kÁ´, mig_Áƒ cÚı| ÿ>V|˛≈m. ä\ä ®–D ÔÁ¶E Œo c>|ÔÁ· J|D º√Vm ÔÁ¶EBVÔ ÿkπs|k>VzD. gÔºk ®_ÈV mig_ÁƒÔ”D mig_t_ ∂¶∫zD. ÿ\VaÔ^ ®_ÈVD mig_t_ ÷ÚÕº> ÿ>V¶∫zD. mig_D >V[ ÂV[z ºk>∫Ôπ[ ƒV´©ÿ√VÚ^ gzD. mig_Á\ mig_]™ \™›]_ ¤√D ÿƒF>VKD cÈ˛_ c^· AM> ±_Ô^ ∂Á™›Á>•D mig_]B>uzfl ƒ\D. ∂Á™›m \>∫Ô^, AM> ±_Ô^ ∂Á™›]uzD
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
9
º>VuÆkVF, ÔÚ©Á√ mig_D >V[. mig_D, gÿ\[, g*[ ®[√ÿ>_ÈVD Œ[º≈. ∂Ák ƒ›]B›Á>, ∏´D\›Á>¬ z§¬˛[≈™. ÷Ú©√V˛B Œ[º≈ Œ[Á≈¬ z§¬˛[≈™. mig_D ÷_ÈV> ka√V| ®m°º\ ˛Á¶BVm.
mig_D ®[√m ]ˆAΩÔ^ (J[Æ J[≈VÔ ®ı©√|D AM>¬ ÿÔV›m¬Ô^) ∂Á™›Á>•D z§©√m:ä
mig_D >V[ ∂Á™›mD. ∂mºk c∫Ô”Á¶B cıÁ\BV™ ÿ√BÏ ∂m. \M>M[ JkÁÔ›>V™ ∂–√k cÏ°Ô^ ∂Á™›Á>•D c^·¶¬˛Bm. ∂m A≈›º> º>V[ÆD cÈÔD xøk>uzD g>V´D. mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm AÈ[ cÏs™V_ ∂§B©√|D √Á¶©A xøkmD ÿkπ ¿‚¶©√‚|^·m. ‘∂’ ®[√m, √fiƒØ> WÁÈÁB¬ z§¬zD. äcä ®[√m, \™D, sı x>oB Û¬z\ cÈÔ xøkÁ>•D z§¬zD. gscÈÔD, sıbÈÁÔ•D z§¬zD. D ®[√m gμÕ> c≈¬Ô›Á>¬ z§¬zD. sa©A WÁÈl_ ¿∫Ô^ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^· xΩBV> ∂Á™›Á>•D z§¬zD. ∂§s™V_ ®‚Ω© ∏Ω¬Ô xΩBV> ∂Á™›Á>•D äDä z§¬zD. mig_D >V[ clÏkVμ°, \™, ®ıkVμ° ∂Á™›]uzD ∂Ω©√Á¶. J[Æ J[≈VF¬ Ô¬˛¶©√|D AM>¬ ÿÔV›m¬Ô^. ŒÀÿkV[ÆD mig_D E[™›>V_ z§¬Ô©√|˛[≈™. c.D: 1) ∏´D\V, sib, EkV 2) Ô¶Õ>ÔVÈD, WÔμÔVÈD, ®]ÏÔVÈD 3) ∏≈©A, kVμ°, ÷≈©A 4) √Á¶›>_, ÔV›>_, ∂a›>_, 5) sa©A, Ô™°, Ô™ku≈ c≈¬ÔD. J[Æ J[≈VF ®ı©√|D ∂Á™›mD mig_D E[™›>V_ z§¬Ô©√|k™. 1) mϬÔV, È‚∑t, ƒ´¸k] 2) ∏>V, \Ô[, AM> gs 3) ´¤¸, >\¸, ƒ›mkD 4) #ÈD, Û¬z\D, ÔV´D 5) ƒ›, E›, g™Õ>D 6) ∂Á™›Á>•D ∂§>_, ∂Á™›mfl ƒ¬]•D ÿÔVı| ÷Ú›>_, ®∫zD ÷Ú›>_. ∂ ®[√m ∏´D\D. \ ®[√m \VÁB, c ®[√m ÷Õ> ÷´ıΩ[ ÷Á¶ºBBV™ c≈°. mig_D ®[√m >› ›kD ∂L, (∂mkVÔºk ¿ ÷Ú¬˛≈VF) ®[√Á>•D z§¬zD. ∂ ®[√m ˝kV›\V. \ ®[√m √ÔkV[, c ®[√m ˝kV›\VÁk•D, √´\V›\VÁk•D ÷Á©√m. mig_D ®[√m tÔ°D x¬˛B\V™ \Õ]´D gzD. ∂>Á™ ®_ºÈVÚD ka√¶ºkı|D. ∂Á> ÷Á´Õm mig_>ºkı|D. ∂>[ ÿ√VÚ”¶[ \™›]ºÈºB ]ÚD√›]ÚD√fl ÿƒV_Ⱥkı|D. gw\V™ cÏ°¶[ ¤∏¬Ô ºkı|D. ∂>Á™› ]BV™xD √ıºkı|D.
∂\´Ï ƒ´¸k] ˛Úi[ ∂kÏÔ^ WÁ™kVÔ
10
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ÂEºÔ>\[≈D
>. ´˜M, g>˚Ï
1758) \´D ®[√m m¬Ô\V™ s≠B\V? ƒÕº>Vƒ\V™ \´D ˛Á¶¬ÔV>V?
\´D ®[√m ÂD kVμÂV^ xøkmD ÂVD ®©√Ω Â¶Õm ÿÔV^˛º≈VD ®[√Á>© ÿ√VÆ›m m[√Ô´\VÔºkV, ÷[√Ô´\VÔºkV ∂Á\•D. ÔVÕ]˜l[ ƒÔ› ÿ>Vı¶´V™ ÔV¬ÔV ÔVºÈ_ÔÏ \´D ®[–D cu≈ Âı√[ ®[ÿ≈VÚ NÕ] A›>ÔD ®ø] ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ÂVD kVμÂV^ x ø k m D Â_ÿÈı∫ÔÁ·ºB ®ıË kÕ>V_ ÔÁ¶E ®ıxD Â_È>VÔºk ÷Ú¬zD. \´D ÂDÁ\ m [ A Æ › > V m . \«V√V´>›]_ ƒ™› ∑¤VyBD ®[ÿ≈VÚ √z] ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ÷m √Ôk› ˇÁ>ÁB•D, sibƒ«¸´ ÂV\›Á>•D º√VȺk g]ƒ∫Ô´´V_ cÁ´ ĺ﫮ø>©√‚¶m. ÷Õ±o_ ‘‘Ôk™¬zÁ≈ºk \´D gzD. sa©AϺk Ôk™¬zÁ≈ºk gzD’’ ∂x>D gzD ®[≈ ÔÚ›m ÿƒV_È©√|˛≈m. kVμ¬ÁÔl[ ∑Á\ÁB¬ zÁ≈©√>uÔVÔ ÷Á≈k[ Â\¬z √È©√È gÆ>_ kVF©A¬ÔÁ·, ∂Á\] kVF©A¬ÔÁ·, mig_F° kVF©A¬ÔÁ· ÿÔV|›]Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ∂]_ Œ[Æ #¬ÔD gzD. ÂVD ®Àk·° ÔÁ·›m ÷ÚÕ>VKD Â_Èÿ>VÚ #¬ÔD º√V‚¶V_ ÔÁ·©A mig_Ω©º√VF s|˛≈m. A›mÏ° kÚ˛≈m. ºÂVFÔ”¬ÔV™ \ÚÕmÔ^ √Èku§_ #¬Ô \ÚÕmD ÔÈÕm ÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ÷mº√VȺk Â\¬z yÁ\ ÿƒF>kÏÔÁ· \[M›m \≈Õm s|kmD Â\¬z \™›]_ ÿ√ˆB ƒVÕ]ÁB cı¶V¬˛› >ÚD. ÷_ÈVs‚¶V_ ∏≈Ï Â\¬z ŒÚ >¶Ák y∫z ÿƒF]Ú¬Ô ÂVD ∂Á> gl´D >¶Ák WÁ™›m WÁ™›m Â\¬z ÂVº\ gl´D >¶Ák yÁ\ ÿƒFm ÿÔV^ºkVD. ÷mº√VȺk kVμ¬ÁÔl_ m[√fl ∑Á\Ô^ >V∫Ô xΩBV\_ kÚ˛[≈ º√Vm ÷Á≈k[ \´D ®[≈ ∂x> sÚÕÁ> Â_z˛≈VÏ. ÷©∏≈sl_ ÂDxÁ¶B m[√∫Ô^, º>V_sÔ^, ∞\Vu≈∫Ô^ ÷kuÁ≈ \≈Õm kVμ¬ÁÔÁB© A]>VÔ› mk∫Ô ÷Á≈k[ ŒÚ kVF©Á√› >Ú˛≈VÏ.
12
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
÷>uÔVÔ ÂVD ÿƒ›m ÿƒ›m› >V[ ∏Áw¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√]_ÁÈ. ÂVD ®Õ>¬ ÔVˆB›]_ ~|√‚¶VKD ∏≈ ®_ÈV WÁ™°Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕmD ÂD \™›Á>© ∏|∫˛ ®|›m ÷∫z ÁÔl_ ÷Ú¬zD ÔVˆB›][ *m ÂD \™›Á>¬ zs›m› ]Ë¬Ô ºkı|D. ∂©√Ωfl ÿƒF>V_ ÂD kVμ¬ÁÔl_ ÷[√D ˛‚|D. ÷Á> ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ¬ ÿÔVı¶ ]BV™ ÿ§ÔÁ·•D, sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D ÔuÆ› >Ú˛≈m. ÷[Á≈B sfiQV™xD ÔÚÕmÁ·Ô^, ®]Ï\Á≈ √Ú©ÿ√VÚ^ (gıΩº\‚¶Ï) ÷©√Ω ÂVD nDAÈ[Ô·V_ cÚD cÈz¬z \VuÆ cÈz ÷Ú©√Á>© √u§ g´VFflE ÿƒF˛≈m. g™V_ ÷kuÁ≈ >Ϭԛ][ JÈD s·¬zkm ÔΩ™D. ÂVD ºkÁÈ ÿƒFm ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zD º√Vm ∂K©º√V, ÔÁ·©º√V kÕ>V_ ºkÁÈÁB WÆ›] mig_Fÿk|©√>[ JÈD ∂Õ> ºkÁÈÁB \Æ>¶Ák Â[z ÿƒFB xΩ•D ®[√Á> >Ϭԛ][ JÈD, sfiQV™›][ JÈD s·¬Ô xΩBVm, W‘∏¬Ô xΩBVm. ∂–√k›]_ \‚|º\ c´ÈVD. gÔºk \M>M[ ÿƒB_ ]≈Á\l_ c≈¬ÔD, \≈], \[M©A, √u§[Á\, \´D ÷Ák ∂uA>© √ËBVuÆ˛[≈™. √. Ô_BVË, #›m¬zΩ
1759) Ô¶°^ ÂD ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ∂[™t|˛≈VÏ ®[Æ ÂVD xøÁ\BVÔ ÂDA˛º≈VD. ÷Ú©∏–D ÂVD ÷Á≈k–¬z© ∏´ƒV>D √Á¶©√>[ ºÂV¬ÔD ®[™?
Â\¬z cs|D ÷Á≈k–¬z ∂Õ> cÁk¬ ÔV‚Ω ∂]K^· zu≈D zÁ≈ÔÁ· sȬz˛º≈VD. Øı|, ÿk∫ÔVBD º√V[≈ c°© ÿ√VÚ^Ôπ_ >V\ƒ zD ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ∂]_ #E, >ÁÈxΩ º√V[≈ ∂ø¬zÔ^ søÕm ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. cÁkfl ƒÁ\©√kÏ ÿÔ‚¶ ®ı∫Ô”¶[ ƒÁ\B_ ÿƒFm ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. ÷©√Ω cs_ J[Æ kÁÔ¬ zÁ≈ÔÁ· ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï z§©∏|˛≈VÏ. ÷¬zÁ≈ÔÁ· ¿¬˛ ÂVD c° cı¶V_ ∂Õ> c° c¶_ ÂÈD, \™ ÂÈD, g[\ ÂÈD g˛BkuÁ≈ Â\¬z› >ÚD ®[Æ ºk>xD ÿƒV_K˛≈m. ºÔVs_Ôπ_ ØÁ¤ÁB© º√VȺk ∏´ƒV>D √Á¶©√mD ºÔVso[ ÷Á≈› >[Á\ÁB ∂]Ôˆ¬zD ®[Æ ∂–√k¸>ÏÔ^ ÌÆ˛≈VÏÔ^. E. x›m∑kVt, ]ÚÿÂ_ºko 1760) ‘ >VÕ]ˆ¬ ’ ®[–D \Õ]´ >Õ]´∫Ô^ ƒD√Õ>\V™
s≠B∫Ô^ tÔ°D \Á≈ÿ√VÚ·VÔ ÷Õ]BVs[ k¶˛w¬z© √z]l_ Ák¬Ô©√‚ΩÚÕ>>VÔ°D, Ô_Ô›>VÁkfl ºƒÏÕ> ¤Vı °‚º´V© ®[–D g∫˛ºÈB ¿]√] ŒÚkÏ >V[ ÷>Á™ ÿkπºB ÿÔVı| kÕ>VÏ ®[ÆD ®[ Âı√Ï ŒÚkÏ Ì§™VÏ. ÷m cıÁ\BV? ÷m√u§B s·¬ÔD >´ÈV\V? 13
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
÷\B\ÁÈl_ ÷ÚÕm J[Æ s>\V™ ƒV>Á™ ÿ§Ô^ ÷Á≈kÁ™ ∂Á¶•D kaÔ^ \M>zÈ›]uz ˛Á¶›m^·™. Œ[Æ QV™ ÿ§ gzD, ∂§° ÿ§ gzD. ÷´ı¶Vkm ºBVÔ ÿ§ gzD. ÷]_ Ek ka√V| ÿ√ÚD x¬˛B›mkD ÿÔVı¶m. J[≈Vkm >Õ]´D ®[–D ÿ§ gzD. ÷]_ ÿ√ÚD√VKD √´Vƒ¬] ka√V‚|¬zfl E≈©∏¶D cı|. ÂV[ ®[–D cÏ° ®∫˛ÚÕm º>V[Æ˛≈m ®[√Á> g´VB°D, º>¶°D ∂§°› #ı|>_, ºBVÔ ÿ§ #ı|>_, AÈM[√ #ı|>_ g˛BkuÁ≈ºB ÷DJ[ÆD z§©√>VÔ¬ ÿÔV^·ÈVD. ÷kuÆ^ >Õ]´D ®[√]_ AÈM[√∫ÔÁ· tzÕ> Ôk™›m¶[ ∂–√s¬Ô ºkı|D. ÷>uÔVÔºk ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ ka√V‚Ω_ ÔıV_ ∂w˛B ÔV‚EÔÁ·¬ ÔVb>_, ÔV>V_ ÷MB mig_ÁƒÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚¶_, º>VÈV_ ÷MB cÏ°ÔÁ· ÿ>V‚|Ï>_ (\ÈÏ, ƒV\´D) J¬ÔV_ ÂÆ\∫ÔÁ· xÔÏ>_ (ƒVD∏´VË ªm√›]) ÂV¬ÔV_ Âu∑ÁkÁB ∂–√s›>_ (∏´ƒV>D cıb>_) g˛BkuÁ≈© ∏[√uÆkVÏÔ^. ÷Á> √V´>›][ ˛w¬z, k¶˛w¬z √z]Ôπ_ WÁ≈B º√Ï ÂÁ¶xÁ≈l_ ∏[√u§ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^. Á√´s ∏´VD\Ë ®[≈ >Õ]´ ƒV›]´ gEˆÁB p´V\˛ÚiÚ¬z ÷flƒV›]´∫Ôπ_ √luE >Õ>m k´ÈVuÆ gÏ>Ï gÀÈV[ cıÁ\ gzD. ÷Ú√>VD ±u≈VıΩ_ g´D√ √›m gı|Ôπ_ Ô_Ô›>Vs_ cBÏ¿]\[≈ ¿]√]BVÔ ÷ÚÕ> ƒÏ ¤Vı c‚´V‡© ®[√kÏ gÏ>Ï gÀÈV[ ®[≈ AÁ™© ÿ√Bˆ_ ÷›>Õ]´ ƒV›]´∫ÔÁ· g∫˛È›]_ ÿ\Va ÿ√BÏ›>VÏ. ∂kº´ NÕm Aº´V˛>Á´© º√VÈ ºk‚Ω c|›] ÔV‚E ∂π›>VÏ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï √V_ \ˆBVÁ> ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> c‚´V‡© º√ŸÏ \¶xD kÕm ∂fiƒo ÿƒK›] ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ. √V´>© √ı√V‚Á¶ \‚¶D >‚Ω© º√EB nº´V©∏BÏÔ”¬z tÔflE≈Õ> √]ÈΩÁB ƒÏ ¤Vı c‚´V‡© ÿÔV|›m^·VÏ. ∂kÚÁ¶B ±_Ô^ ∂Á™›mD Ô[MBVz\ˆ ºÔÕ]´ ±ÈÔ›]_ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. ºÔ´·›]KD Ô[MBVz\ˆ \Vk‚¶›]KD ̶ ºÔVs_ ka√V‚Ω_ >Õ]´ ƒV›]´ ÿ§ ∏[√u≈©√|˛≈m. ºÔ´· \VWÈ ]ÚflÛˆ_ >Õ]´ ƒV›]´›]uzD ºk>›]uzD c^· ÿ>V¶ÏÁ√ g´V•D g´VFflE Á\BD √ËAˆ˛≈m. ∏´√V o∫ºÔi, º\È˛Úi[A#Ï, Ô[MBz\ˆ \Vk‚¶D 1761) ÔVEl_ ÷≈¬zD clÏÔπ[ ÔV]_ ‘ ´V\V ’ ®[Æ
Ekÿ√Ú\Vº™ ÿ¤∏›m º\V‚ƒD ∂π©√>VÔ ŒÚ nyÔD ÿƒV_È©√|˛≈m. ÷m Áƒk \>›][ *m ÁkkÏÔ^ g”Á\ ÿƒK›mD •¬] ®[˛º≈[, >V∫Ô^?
14
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºk>∫Ô”D, A´V∫Ô”D, Áƒk›Á>•D, Ákk›Á>•D ƒ\\VÔ¬ ÔÚ] √È ÷¶∫Ôπ_ º√∑˛[≈™. ka√V‚Ω[ x¬˛B›mk›Á>•D √¬]l[ gw›Á>•D ÔÚ]› >[ ÿ>FkD cBÏÕ>m ®[Æ º√∑D º√Vm ∏≈ ÿ>Fk∫ÔÁ· WÕ>Á™ ÿƒFB¬ ̶Vm. ÷Á> ∂¬M A´VxD kuAÆ›m˛≈m. g]ƒ∫Ô´Ï sibÁk•D, EkÁ™•D z§›m© √È º>V›]´∫ÔÁ· ÷ B u § c^·VÏ. ƒ∫Ô´ \¶∫Ôπ_ Ek–¬z© ØÁ¤ ÿƒFkVÏÔ^. ∂ku§[ m ≈ s Ô ^ √¬>ÏÔ”¬z gE ÌÆD º√VmD Ô Ω > ∫ Ô π [ ÷Æ]lKD ÂV´VBÁ™ WÁ™›m ka√|kVÏÔ^. ÷ÀkVÆ Áƒk, Ákk ƒ\›mk›Á>© º√∑km ÂD \>›][ E≈©A gzD. ÿ>[ √V´>›][ nB©√Á™ «ˆ«´∑>[ ®[Æ ÿÔVı¶V|˛º≈VD. nBV Ákzı¶Ï ®[≈ \ÔV[ Áƒk, Ákik ƒ\›mk›]uÔVÔ© √V|√‚¶ ÿ√ÚÁ\BV·Ï gkÏ. gÔºk ÷©√Ω©√‚¶ A´V¬ ÔÁ>Ôπ_ ∞u≈› >Vμ°¬z ÷¶D ÷_ÁÈ. ÔVEl_ \´D ∂Á¶Õ>kÏ ÔV]_ Ekÿ√Ú\V[ ´V\ÂV\›Á> mig_mk>VÔ p´V\˛ÚiÏ Ì§•^·VÏ. ∂kÏ ÔVÈ›]uz x[A ÷ÚÕ> A´V ÂD∏¬ÁÔÁB p´V\˛ÚiÏ cÆ]©√|›] c^·VÏ. ´Vº\¸k´›][ ´V\∏´V[ Ek–¬z¬ ºÔVs_ ®|›>Á> ÂVB[\VÏÔ^ º>kV´© √V¶_Ôπ_ √È >¶Ák z§©∏‚| c^·VÏÔ^. ÂD ÂV‚Ω_ cıÁ\BV™ √¬>ÏÔ^ ÔVEÁB•D, ´Vº\¸k´›Á>•D >ˆE¬Ô ºkı|D ®[Æ kuAÆ›>©√‚|^·m. ÷Á> s·¬zD ŒÚ ÔÁ> cı|. ŒÚ √¬>Ï ´V\∏´VM¶D º√VF ´V\ÂV>Ï ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ ´Vº\¸k´›]_ Ek[ s·∫z˛≈Vº´ ∂Õ>© ÿ√BÚ¬z ®[™ ÿ√VÚ^ ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ∂>uz ´V\[ ‘‘BVÁ´ ´V\[ >[–Á¶B ÂV>™VÔ, >ÁÈk™VÔ¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈Vº™V ∂Õ> Ekÿ√Ú\Vº™ ´V\ÂV>[ gkVÏ’’ ®[Æ √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. ÷º> ºÔ^sÁB Ekÿ√Ú\VM¶D √¬>ÏÔ^ ºÔ‚¶VÏÔ^. ∂>uz Ek[ ‘‘´V\Á™ BVÏ >[ ÂV>™VÔ¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈Vº´V, >ÁÈk™VÔ ∞u§Ú¬˛≈Vº´V ∂kº´ ´V\ÂV>[’’ ®[Æ √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. ÷º> ºÔ^sÁB ∏´D\Vs¶D √¬>ÏÔ^ ºÔ‚¶VÏÔ^. ∂kÏ Eˆ›m¬ ÿÔVıº¶ ‘‘BVÏ ´V\º™V ∂kº´ Ek[ (ÂV>[) BVÏ Ekº™V ∂kº´ ´V\Ï. ÷mºk ´V\ÂV>Ï ®[≈ ÿƒV_o[ ÿ√VÚ^’’ ®[Æ Ì§™VÏ. ÷Á≈k[ ŒÚkÏ. ∂kÏ √È ÿ√BÏÔ”¶[ s·∫z˛≈VÏ. ∞u≈›>Vμ°Ô‚z ÷∫z ÷¶D ˛Á¶BVm.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
15
ÂÔÏ©A≈ \VkÏ ÔÁÈ swV ÿ√uº≈VÏ gEˆBÏ kz©A
1762) g[*Ôfl ºƒÁk Aˆk>uz z|D√›]_ ÷ÚÕm kÚkm ®π>V™ ÔVˆB\V?
\™›]_ ys´ sÚ©√D ÷ÚÕ>V_ g[*Ôfl ºƒÁkÁB ÷_È≈›]_ ÷ÚÕ>√ΩºB ÿƒFB xΩ•D. sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]_ g•‚ÔVÈ› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔπKD mig_ˆÚkÏ ÷_È≈›>kÏ cı|. \u≈√Ω gEˆBÏÔ^, ƒJÔ ºƒkÔÏÔ^, c^jÏ› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^, √z]ºÂ´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ÷©√Ω √È WÁÈÔπ_ ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ÷_È≈›]_ ÷ÚÕ>√ΩºB E≈©√V™ √Ë guÆ˛≈VÏÔ^. √È z|D√∫Ôπ_ Ôk[, \Á™s, zwÕÁ> ®_ºÈVÚº\ g[*Ô› ÿ>Vı| WÆk™∫Ô”¶[ ºƒÏÕm Âu√Ë guÆ˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂ºƒV¬ z\VÏ, ºÔVs_√‚Ω
1763) \™ WÁ≈°, \™¬Ôi¶∫Ô”¬z g[*ÔD ®Õ> ∂·°¬z c√ºBVÔ©√|D?
\™D ºÂ´Ω ∏´flEÁ™Ô·V_ m[AÆkÁ>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD √ÁwB WÁ™°Ô·VKD, ®]ÏÔVÈ›Á>© √u§B ∂flƒ∫Ô·VKD m[AÆkº> ∂]ÔD gzD. √ÁwB ÔVÈ WÁ™°ÔÁ·© √VƒD ®[ÆD, ®]ÏÔVÈ sÚ©√∫ÔÁ· gÁƒ ®[ÆD √Ôk›ˇÁ> z§©∏|D. gÁƒ, √VƒD ®[≈ ±Æs>\V™ sÈ∫zÔ·V_ \M>ÏÔ^ Ô‚Ω© º√V¶©√‚| ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^. ÂuÔVˆB∫ÔÁ· ÷Á≈k[ WÁ™s_ guÆD º√VmD ÷Á≈kÁ™ºB ]BV™D ÿƒF•D º√VmD ÂD m[√∫Ô^ zÁ≈•D ®[≈ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ•D, m[√∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm \™D ∂ÔKDº√Vm ∞u√|D WÁ≈°D \™›]uz tzÕ> ƒVÕ]ÁB ∂π¬˛[≈™. gÔºk m[√∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm cw_√kÏÔ^ x>o_ ÷Á≈kM[ √ËÁB \™ÿ\V[§ ÿƒFm WD\] ÔVÈVD. ÷Á≈kÁ™ WÁ™ÕmD ¤√D, ]BV™D ÿƒFmD, Â[˚_ mig_]•D WD\] ÿ√≈ÈVD. ÔVC¸k´[, ´V¤√VÁ·BD
1764) √È •Ô∫Ôπ_ ÷Á≈k[ ∂k>V´D ®|›m √¬>ÏÔ”¬z¬ ÔV‚E >Õm^·>VÔ°D A´V∫Ô^ ÌÆ˛≈º>! ∞[ >uÿ√Vøm ¶¬zD Ôo•ÔD ÷Á≈k[ ÔV‚E >´ºkı¶V> •Ô\V?√VkD ÿƒF>kÏÔ^ AıËBD ÿƒF>kÏÔÁ· s¶ tÔ Â[≈VÔ kVμ˛≈VÏÔº· ∞[ ÷Õ> tÔ© ÿ√ˆB x´ı√V|?
÷Á≈ ∂k>V´D √È kaÔπ_ \M>Á™ Â_ka©√|›mD. ´ED\ ∂k>V´D, Ôº¤Õ]´k´>Ï º√V[Æ ÷Á≈kº™ c¶™ΩBVÔ kÕm √¬>ˆ[ m[√›Á>› yÏ©√m cı|. ´V\Vk>V´D º√V[Æ z´∫zÔÁ·•D, Ô´ΩÔÁ·•D #ıΩ s‚| \Ô›>V™ √Ë ÿƒFB Ák©√mı|. ˛ÚiV
16
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂k>V´D º√V[Æ ∂Ï…™–¬z ∂§Ák¬ ÿÔV|›m ∂kº™ >[ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ·› yÏ›m¬ÿÔV^· c>°km cı|. ´V\˛Úi ∂k>V´D º√V_ Â_È ®ıˬÁÔl_ ʶÏÔÁ· cÚkV¬˛ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ·› yÏ©√mı|. Ô∏È ∂k>V´›Á>© º√V_ >›>V›]º´BÏ ∂k>V´›Á>© º√V_ ∂≈±_Á· \¬Ô”¬z c√º>E›m ∂>[ ka Wu√kÏÔ^ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ· yÏ›m¬ ÿÔV^· kaºÔVKkm cı|. √È QVMÔÁ·› >Õm ∂kÏÔÁ· c>V´∫Ô·VÔ°D, c√º>ƒD ÿƒF√kÏÔ·VÔ°D ÔV‚|km cı|. ÷©√Ω© √VÏ›>V_ ÂD ÂV‚Ω_ ÷Õ>¬ ÔVÈ›]KD ∂k>V´∫Ô”¬z¬ zÁ≈ºk ÷_ÁÈ. ∂kÏÔ”Á¶B c√º>ƒ∫ÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚|ÏÕm ∂>[√Ω W[Æ \M>[ >[Á™ cBÏ›]¬ ÿÔV^kmD, ƒx>VB›Á> cBÏ›]¬ ÿÔV^kmD AÚ≠VÏ›>D ®™©√|D. ∂mºk ÷©º√Vm √B[√|km º>Ák©√|km! ®D. ÿƒ_s, \ÁÈBΩ¬z§flE, ºÔVs_√‚Ω
1765) ƒV›]_ ∏^Á·BVÏ ∏Ω¬zD º√Vm ∂>[º\_ ∞[ ∂ÚÔDA_ÁÈ Ák¬˛≈VÏÔ^?
ºk>›]ºÈºB #ÏkVÛ¬>D ®[≈ ∂ÚÔDA_o[ m] kÚ˛≈m. ∂ÚÔDA_ tÔ cBÏÕ> kluÆko \ÚÕm gzD. ÿ√ÚD√VKD ÿ>Fk∫Ô”¬z© √Á¶¬Ô©√|˛≈ \ÈÏÔ”D, ºkÏÔ”D, ÔVF, ÔMÔ”D √¬>ÏÔ”¬zD \Ú›mk© √BÁ™ >Ú√ÁkBVÔºk ÷Ú¬zD. ÷Á≈ ka√V| \Ú›mk √B[ ka√V‚Ω_ ®πÁ\ g˛B √È Âuz∫Ô^ ∂ÚÔDA_ ka√V‚Ω_ ∂¶∫˛ c^·m. ÷Õm\>›]_ ÷BuÁÔ ka√V| x¬˛B\V™m. E. ‹ÈV, º√B∫za, Ô[MBVz\ˆ \Vk‚¶D
1766) ºÔVso_ kƒÕ> \ı¶√D ®[Æ Ák›]Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂>uz s·¬ÔD ®[™?
clˆ™∫Ô^ √_˛© ÿ√ÚÔ c>°D kƒÕ>ÔVÈD √Á¶©∏_ tÔ© AM>\V™m. Ôı[ √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ Úm¬Ôπ[ (√Úk∫Ôπ_) ÂV[ kƒÕ>ÔVÈ\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛º≈[ ®[Æ ÌÆ˛≈VÏ. clÏÔ^ √_˛© ÿ√Úzk>uz› º>ÁkBV™ ∂wzÏflE ÷BuÁÔl_ ÿ>πkVÔ› ÿ>ˆ•D√ΩBVÔ \´∫Ô^ ®_ÈVD, ÿƒΩÔ^ ®_ÈVD Ø›m¬ zK∫zkm kƒÕ> ÔVÈD gzD. ∂©º√Vm ºÔVso[ c^º·ºBV ∂_Èm ºÔVsK¬z ÿkπºBºBV E≈©√V™ zπÏÕ> ØÕº>V‚¶›]ºÈºB ªfiƒ_ º√V‚| ∑kVtÁB•D, º>sÁB•D ®øÕ>Ú·fl ÿƒFkVÏÔ^. E≈©A ka√V|D ¶¬zD. ÷›>ÁÔB kƒÕ> \ı¶√∫Ô^ ºÔVsK¬z c^º·ºB ∂Á\kmD cı|. ÿ>VÁÈs_ ØÕº>V‚¶›][ Â|s_ ∂Á\kmD cı|. p´V\V–¤Ï ŒÀÿkVÚ √Úk›]uzD (÷´ıΩ´ı| \V>∫Ô^ ÿÔVı¶ gÆ Úm¬Ô”¬zD) cˆB ]ÀsB ∏´√Õ>© √V¶_ÔÁ· mig_mk>uÔVÔ kz›m¬ ÿÔV|›]Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ∂›>ÁÔB √V¶_ÔÁ·fl E≈©√VÔ mig_mkmD cı|. ÿ√VmkVÔ ®_ÈV© ÿ√ˆB ºÔVs_ÔπKD kƒÕ> \ı¶√D ∂Á\Õ]Ú¬zD.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
17
ƒ›]B √V\V, ºÔVs_√‚Ω
1767) ˛´V\∫Ô^ ÷Õ]BVs[ xmÿÔKDA g™V_ ˆB_ ®¸º¶‚ ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ ∂kuÁ≈ ∂a¬˛º≈Vº\V? ÷Á> ®©√Ω› >|©√m?
÷>uz √È >·∫Ôπ_ E˛flÁƒ ∂π¬Ô ºkı|D. \¬Ôπ¶D c¶_ cÁw©A¬z \ˆBVÁ> zÁ≈Õm kÚ˛≈m. ∂·°¬z *§ ÷BÕ]´∫ÔÁ·fl ƒVÏÕm ÷Ú©√>V_ c¶_ \Õ>D ∂Á¶Õm √È ºÂVFÔ^ ÿ√Úz˛[≈™. ÿ√Ú˛ kÚD \¬Ô^ ÿ>VÁÔl[ ÔV´\VÔ ŒÀÿkVÚkÚ¬zD cˆB sÁ·flƒ_ WÈ›][ ∂·° zÁ≈Õm ÿÔVıº¶ º√V˛≈m. ÷m cÈ˛_ √B∫Ô´\V™ c° ÿÂÚ¬ÔΩÁB cı¶V¬Ô© º√V˛≈m ®[Æ n.ÂV. ƒ∫ÔD √È >¶Ák cÈÔ \¬ÔÁ· ®flƒˆ›m kÕ]Ú¬˛≈m. Â_È sÁ·flƒ_ WÈ\VÔ¬ ÔV‚| WÈ›Á> \VuÆkm ®π>_È. >ˆ∑ WÈD, ÔV‚| WÈD, \ÁÈ WÈD, >VMB∫Ô^ sÁ·•D WÈ\VÔ \VÆk>uz, WÈ›][ º\_ \ı √>©√|k>uz, √È ±u≈Vı|Ô^ ∏Ω¬zD. ∂›>ÁÔB Â_È WÈ›Á> ÿƒ∫Ô_ ÛÁ· º√V|km, T| Ô‚|km º√V[≈ ºkÆ √B[Ô”¬z \VuÆkm \M>zÈ›]uzfl ÿƒFB©√|D tÔ© ÿ√ˆB mº´VÔD gzD. Â_È WÈ›Á> ºkÆ √ËÔ”¬z \VuÆ˛[≈ ºkÔ›]_ ƒV>V´ WÈ›Á> >VMBD sÁ·•D WÈ\VÔ \Vu≈ xΩBVm. ÷Õ> s≠B›]_ ÿ>Va_ k·ÏflE ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ √È ∂§QÏÔ”D ̶ ÷Õ> g√›Á>› >k≈VÔ ®Á¶ º√V‚ΩÚ¬˛≈VÏÔ^. sÁ·flƒ_ WÈ›Á> ºkÆ √B[Ô”¬z¬ ÿÔVı| ÿƒ_kÁ>› >|¬zD ƒ‚¶∫Ô^ ÂV‚Ω_ WÁ≈B ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. Èfiƒ ªw_ JÈD ÷flƒ¶∫zÔ^ *≈©√|˛[≈™. √´kÈV™ sa©AÏ°, mig_´·°¬z kuAÆ›>_, Ô‚¶VB©√|›m>_, >ıΩ›>_ ÷ku§[ JÈD >V[ WÁÈÁ\ÁB Ô‚|¬z^ ÿÔVı| k´ xΩ•D. ÷_ÈVs‚¶V_ c°© √fiƒD √B∫Ô´\V™ xÁ≈l_ cÈÁÔ© ∏Ω›m¬ ÿÔV^”D.
÷©√¬Ô›]uÔV™ s·D√´ W] c>s sºkÔV™Õ>V ÷[¸Ω‚R‚ g‡© o∫¬s¸Ω¬ ¸˛_¸ ∏Á´ºk‚ (o‚) ÿƒ[Á™ä600 049
18
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
÷>B›Á>› ]Ú|D ÷MB ÔÁ>Ô^
∞¬ÂV›˜ ̧Bm
1771) Œ[Æ ºƒÏ¬Ô xB_kVBVÔ; AmflƒV] ºkı¶VD
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´xD ∂>[ ƒ¬]¬ºÔu√ ∂·s_ ÂV‚Ω_ c^· √u√È g[*Ôfl ƒ¬]ÔÁ· º>ƒ© A™Ï WÏ\V›]uÿÔ™ Œ[Æ ºƒÏ¬Ôºk xB[Æ kÚ˛≈m. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï >[ ÿƒVÕ>¬ ÿÔV^ÁÔ ®[Æ ®Á>•D ∏´flƒV´D ÿƒFBV\_, ºk> c√W¶>¬ ÔÚ›m¬ÔÁ· cÈÔ \¬Ô”¬z ®|›m¬Ì§, ÂD ÷Õ]B √wDÿ√ÚD EÕ>Á™Ô”¬z Am ŒπÁB•D, c›ºkÔ›Á>•D ª‚Ω™VÏ. ∂kÏ ÷Às>D ÿƒB_√|ÁÔl_ ºkÆ EÈ ÷¶∫Ôπ_, ʶÏÔ^ >∫Ô^ zÚ\VÏÔ”¬z ŒÚ A]B º√VÏÁkÁB© º√Vu§, ∂kÏÔ^ ŒÚ Am \>©∏ˆÁkºB º>VuÆs¬Ô kÕ> gƒV[Ô^ ®[Æ ÿ√VF© ∏´flƒV´D ÿƒFB xu√‚¶™Ï. ÷Õm ƒJÔ›Á>© A™´Á\›m º\D√|›> ºkı|D ®[≈ ʈB ºÂV¬Ô›]Á™¬ ÔÚ›]_ ÿÔVıº¶ ¸kVt >BV™Õ> ƒ´¸k] gÏB ƒ\V¤D ®[≈ ¸>V√™›Á> WÆs™VÏ. g™V_ ¶Õ>m ®[™? gÏB ƒ\V¤D ÷Õm \>© ∏ˆ°Ô”¬z^ º\KD ÷[ÿ™VÚ ∏ˆkVÔ g˛s‚¶m. ÷mº√VȺk zÚÂV™¬ º>VuÆs›> ∂Á\©AD, ∂kÏ ºÂV¬ÔD ys´ ÿ>Fk √¬] c^·xD, ®]Ï©Afl ƒ¬]•D ÿÔVı¶ ÷Õm ƒJÔ›Á> ¸>V∏¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√º>. g™V_ ÷>[JÈD ŒÚ Am \>º\ (ʬ˛B \>D) º>V[§ ∂Á>fl ƒVÏÕ>kÏÔ^ >V∫Ô^ ÷Õm¬Ôº· ∂_ÈÏ ®[Æ Ì≈°D >ÁÈ©√‚¶™Ï. 1938ä39äD gı|Ôπ_ ÷Õm¬Ô^, gÏB ƒ\V¤›]™Ï, ʬ˛BÏÔ^ ÷kÏÔπÁ¶ºB ƒıÁ¶•D, ƒflƒ´°Ô”D ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈™. 1940äD gı| ®|›> ¤™›ÿ>VÁÔ¬ ÔË©∏[ º√Vm, gˆB ƒ\V¤›]™Ï >∫ÔÁ· ÷Õm¬Ô·VÔ¬ Ô¬˛¶ \Æ›m >∫ÔÁ· ‘gÏBÏÔ^’ ®[Æ Ì≈ÈVl™Ï. ÷Õm ƒJÔ›Á> ÷Á›m, ƒV]ÔÁ·•D, ∏ˆ°ÔÁ·•D ∂Ôu§|D xBuEÔ^ BV°D x§BΩ¬Ô©√‚| s‚¶™. ÷Ú¬zD ƒV]Ôº·V| º\KD Œ[Æ ºƒÏÕm^·Á>ºB ÂVD ÷[Æ ÔVı˛º≈VD.
20
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
1772) \´›Á> \≈¬Ô xΩ•\V?
sº™V√V˜ ̧Bm
\´›Á> \≈©√>uÔV™ xBuE ®_ÈVs¶∫ÔπKD JÏ›>[MB\VF ¶Õm ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈m. g™V_ ÷>™VÿÈ_ÈVD \´›Á>› >sÏ¬Ô sBK\V? ºÂuÆ >VF ÷≈Õ> ÿ√Vøm \´D ®]ˆºÈ kÕm W[≈º>! \M>[ ∂fiƒVm \´›Á>¬ z§›mfl EÕ]›m ∂Á>¬ Ô¶©√>uÔV™ kaÁB¬ Ôı| ∏Ω¬Ô› mËk]_ÁÈ. ŒÚ \VÁ™ ŒÚ E∫ÔD m´›]¬ ÿÔVı| º√V˛≈m. mÚmÚ ÿk[§Ú©√>VÁÔBV_ \V[ ÂVuÔV_ √VFflƒo_ mig_|˛≈m. g™V_ º√VÔ© º√VÔ ∂>[ ƒ¬] zÁ≈Õm ÿÔVıº¶ º√VF, ∂m ÷Æ]l_ ÔÁ·›m© º√V˛≈m. ∏[™VºÈV E∫Ôÿ\[≈ ®\[ mig_Ω kÕm ÿÔVıº¶ ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ∂flƒ\B›]_ ∂D \VM[ WÁÈ ®ÀkV§Ú¬zD? E∫Ô›][ √¬ÔD √VϬԺk ∂>uz xΩBs_ÁÈ. ∂m >Á´l_ >[ ÿÔVDAÔÁ·•D, xÔ›Á>•D AÁ>›m¬ ÿÔVı| W´V>´kVF W[Æ s|˛≈m. ÷©ÿ√Vøm ¿ kÕm ®[Á™fl ƒV©∏¶ÈVD ®[Æ ∂Áw©√m º√VoÚ¬˛≈m ∂m W[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zD WÁÈ. ÂVD \´›Á> ÂD ®]ˆ_ √VÏ¬Ô sÚDAk]_ÁÈ. ∂>[ ÁÔloÚÕm >©Ak>uÔVÔ gl´D c√VB∫Ô^, •¬]Ô^ ÿƒF> º√V]KD ∂m >[ º√´Vu≈o™V_ ÷Æ]l_ ÂD Ôø›Á>© ∏Ω›m ÿ§›º> s|˛≈m.
ƒÕ]´ ∑kVt c>V¢[ ̧Bm
1773) \∫Ô· \´D
√¬ÔV´[ ∂x>ÂV>[ \ÔV›\V yϬÔV•s ä¶D º√V™V[. ∂kˆ¶D ∂Ω¬ÔΩ ÿÔfiE >™¬ÿÔVÚ \∫Ô·Ô´\V™ kV¬˛B›Á> ®ø]¬ ÿÔV|¬Ôºkı|D ®[Æ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ∂Õ> \∫Ô·Ô´\V™ gÊÏkV> kV¬˛B›Á> ∂x>ÂV>[ >[ T‚Ω_ Ák›m √È >ÁÈxÁ≈Ô”¬z ØÁ¤ ÿƒFkV[. \ÔV›\V yϬÔV• ŒÚ ÔV˛>›Á> ®|›>VÏ. ∂]_ ∏[ kÚ\VÆ ®ø]™VÏ. 1) >ÕÁ> ÷≈Õ>VÏ, 2) \Ô[
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
21
÷≈Õ>V[, 3) º√´[ ÷≈Õ>V[ ®[Æ ®ø]¬ ÿÔV|›>VÏ. ÷Á>© √Ω›>mD ∂x>ÂV>–¬z tzÕ> √BD cı¶VluÆ. ∂k[ ∂øm ÿÔVıº¶ ÿƒV[™V[. nBV ®[ z|D√›]uz \∫Ô·Ô´\V™ gEÔÁ· ®ø]› >ÚD√Ω ÂV[ ºkıΩº™[. g™V_ ¿∫Ôº·V ÿ√ˆB ƒV√›Á>¬ z§¬zD ÿƒVuÔÁ· ∂_ÈkV ®ø]¬ ÿÔV|›m ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^ \ÔV›\Vºk! yϬÔV• gμÕ> EÕ>Á™•¶[ ̧™VÏ. Â[z EÕ]›m© √VÏ. ®_ºÈVÚD ŒÚÂV^ \´D ∂Á¶Bºk ºkı|D. g™V_ >ÕÁ> \´D ∂Á¶k>uz x[√VÔºk \Ôº™V ∂_Èm º√´º™V \´D ∂Á¶Õm s‚¶V_ ®Àk·° ∂\∫Ô·\VÔ ÷Ú¬zD? \´D ∂Á¶BV\_ BVÚº\ ®fiElÚ¬Ô© º√Vk]_ÁÈ. ∂>™V_ x>o_ >ÕÁ> ∏≈z \Ô[ ∂©A≈D º√´[. ÷Õ> kˆÁƒl_ z|D√›]_ \´∫Ô^ WÔμÕ>V_ ÷m ŒÚ gÊÏkV>º\ ∂_ÈkV?
÷¬ÔÁ>l[ >›mkD: xMkÏÔπ[ kV¬˛_ gÊÏkV>D, ´ÔEB\VÔ
\Á≈Õm ˛¶¬˛≈m. ∏≈Õ>k[ ÷≈©√m WflƒBD. \´\V™m \M> k·ÏflE¬z tÔ°D ∂kEB\VzD. g™V_ kˆÁƒ >k§B \´D \∫Ô·›Á>¬ z§¬ÔVm.
EÚ∫ºÔˆ ƒ∫Ô´VflƒVˆBVÏ Ì§Bm
1774) ®ı∫Ôº· kVμ¬ÁÔÁB cÚkV¬zD
ˆ≠√[ ®[≈ \[™–¬z √´>[ ®[≈ J›> \Ô[ ÷ÚÕ>V[. ˆ≠√–¬z© ∏≈z √´>[ \[™[ g™V[. √´>M[ \Á™sl[ ÿ√BÏ √Vfiƒ¤M. √´>[ >Ú\ ƒV›]´∫ÔÁ·¬ Ôu≈§Õm ∂ku§[√Ω >[ ÂV‚Á¶ gı| kÕ>V[. \¬ÔÁ· ∂[A¶[ ¶›]™V[. \¬Ô”D >∫Ô^ Ô¶Á\ÔÁ· Œø∫ÔVÔfl ÿƒFm kÕ>VÏÔ^. >∫Ô^ \[™[ *m \¬Ô”¬z© ÿ√ÚD \]©A ÷ÚÕ>m. √´>[ √È BVÔ∫ÔÁ·fl ÿƒFm kÕ>V[. sib √ÔkVÁ™ ka√‚¶V[. ¿ı¶ ÔVÈD Â_ÈV‚E ÿƒF>∏[ >[ \Ô[Ô”¬z ÂV‚Á¶¬ ÿÔV|›ms‚| >kD ÿƒFB© º√V™V[. ∂k[ >kD ÿƒF> ÷¶D Ôı¶˛ Â]¬ÔÁ´l_ ∂Á\Õ> ƒVo¬˛´V\D ®[≈ ÷¶D gzD.
22
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
√´>[ >kD ÿƒF•D º√Vm ŒÚ \V[ ŒÚ z‚ΩÁB© º√V‚| s‚| ÷≈Õm º√V™Á>¬ Ôı¶V[. ÔÚÁ ÿ√V∫Ô ∂Õ> \VÁ™ ®|›m ∂[A¶[ k·Ï›>V[. ∂k[ \´D ∂Á¶•D Ô›]KD ∂Õ> \V[z‚ΩÁB© √u§B ÔkÁȺB ∂k[ \™›]_ º\ÿÈøÕm W[≈m. ÷Õ>© √uÆ>o[ ÔV´\VÔ ∂k[ ŒÚ \V™VÔºk ∏≈©ÿ√|›>V[. ]ÚD√°D ƒVo¬ ˛´V\›]uz© º√VF >[ \´D kÚD kÁ´ ÔV›m ÷ÚÕ>V[. ŒÚ ∂Õ>ˆ[ Œº´ \Ô™VÔ \Æ∏≈s ®|›>V[. ∂k–¬z› >[ √ÁwB ∏≈sÔ^ ®_ÈVD WÁ™s_ ÷ÚÕ>™. ∂>™V_ ®Õ>© ÿ√VÚπ[ *mD √uÆ>_ Ák¬Ô¬Ì¶Vm ®[√Á>¬ Ôk™\VÔ© ∏[√u§ kÕ>V[. >kD ÿƒFm ÷Á≈kÁ™ ∂Á¶Õ>V[. ∂k[ ÿkπ© √VÏÁk¬z ŒÚ ∂Ω\Á¶BÁ™© º√VÈ º>Vu≈D ∂π›>V[. g™V_ ∂k–Á¶B ∂Ω\™º\V ÷Á≈B§° ª§› ÿ>πÕm ÷ÚÕ>m. √´>M[ c≈s™ÏÔ^ ∂kÁ™ ŒÚ x‚¶V^ ®[Æ ÔÚ] ∂È‚EB\VÔ Â¶›]™Ï. ŒÚ ÿÔV^Á·¬ÔV´[ √´>Á™ >[ ÿ>Fk›]uz© √oÿÔV|¬Ô xBuE ÿƒF>V[. ÔVπ √´>Á™¬ ÔV©√Vu§ √ÁÔkÏÔÁ· ∂a›m s‚¶V^. EÕm ƒÀT´V ÂV‚| \[™[ ŒÚ √_Ȭ˛_ ∞§© º√VzD º√Vm √_Ȭz #¬˛Ô^ √´>Á™ ŒÚ \Á¶B™VÔ WÁ™›m ∂kÁ™•D \[™M[ √_ȬÁÔ› #¬zD√Ω ÿƒF>™Ï. √´>–D xbxb¬ÔV\_ √_ȬÁÔ› #¬˛™V[. ∂k[ #¬˛B √¬ÔD ∂Ω¬ÔΩ zK∫˛Bm. \[™[ ∂kÁ™ kÁƒ √VΩ™V[. \[™[ *m ÷´¬ÔD ÿÔVı¶ √´>[ \[™–¬z ÷Á≈QV™›Á> c√º>E›>V[. zı|, Œ_o ®[√m c¶DÁ√¬ z§¬zD. g›\VÁk¬ z§¬ÔVm. c¶_ \ıV_ g™m. √_ȬzD \ıV_ g™m. √_Ȭz› #¬˛Ô”D \ıV_ ÿƒFB©√‚¶kÏÔ^. ÂV[ ®Á>•D ÿƒFk]_ÁÈ ∏´ÎÁQ Œ[º≈ ƒ›]B\V™m. \u≈ÁkÿB_ÈVD ÿkÆD º>Vu≈∫Ôº·. \[™[ √´>xMkˆ[ c√º>ƒ›>V_ ÿ√ÚD √B[ ∂Á¶Õ>V[. √u≈u≈ kVμ¬ÁÔ kVμÕ> √´>[ c¶DÁ√ s‚| x¬] ∂Á¶Õ>V[. ÷Õ> kÁÔ x¬]¬z sº>Ô x¬] ®[Æ ÿ√BÏ. √´>M[ \™º\ ∂k–Á¶B \Æ∏≈s¬zD ÔV´D, QV™›]uzD ÔV´D, x¬]¬zD ÔV´D. Á\›´VBË c√W≠>D ÌÆ˛≈m. \™D ÷´ı| kÁÔ©√|D. gÁƒÔ”D, sÚ©√∫Ô”D \™›Á> ∂ø¬ÔV¬zD. gÁƒBu≈ \™D #FÁ\BV™m. ∂ΩÁ\©√|k>uzD ∑>Õ]´D ∂Á¶k>uzD \™º\ ÔV´D. ÿ√VÚ^Ôπ_ √uÆ ÿÔVı¶V_ \™D sÈ∫ÔV_ Ô‚|©√|˛≈m. ®ı∫Ô·u≈ \™D s|>ÁÈ ∂Á¶˛≈m. √´>M[ √uÆD, √u§[Á\•D ∂k–¬z© ∏≈sÁB•D ∂a›>™, x¬]ÁB•D ÿÔV|›>™.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
23
1775) x‚¶V^ sBV√Vˆ•D, √ˆƒ ºk]•D
´V>V¸kVt ƒ›ƒ∫Ô›]™Ï ̧Bm
xMkÏ >∫ÔƒVt sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>VƒM[ T‚|¬z kÕ]ÚÕ>VÏ. sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ xMkˆ¶D ÿÔfiE™V[. nBV ®[–Á¶B sBV√V´D √|›m s‚¶m. ÂV[ ∞Áw gº™[. ÷Õ>© √B∫Ô´\V™ kÆÁ\ÁB Œa›m ®[*m ÔÚÁ ÔV‚|∫Ô^. xMkÏ >∫ÔƒVtl[ \™›]_ ÔÚÁ ÿ√V∫˛uÆ. ∂kÏ √ˆƒºk] ®[–D \Õ]´¬Ô_ÁÈ ∂Õ> ∞Áwl¶D ÿÔV|›>VÏ. ÷¬Ô_ÈV_ ÷ÚDA x>oB sÁÈ zÁ≈Õ> cºÈVÔ∫ÔÁ·› ÿ>V‚¶V_ ∂Ák >∫Ô\V˛s|D. ÷Õ> \Õ]´¬Ô_ÁÈ c™¬z J[º≈ J[Æ \V>∫Ô^ ÿÔV|›m Ák¬˛º≈[. ∂>uz^ WÁ≈B >∫Ô›Á> cı¶V¬˛¬ ÿÔV^. ∂>uz© ∏≈z \VB¬ Ô_ÁÈ ]ÚD√°D ®|›m¬ ÿÔVı| s|ºk[ ®[≈VÏ. \˛μflE•¶[ \Õ]´¬ Ô_ÁÈ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ÿ√uƬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ÔÁ¶›ÿ>Ú°¬z© º√VF √ÁwB ÷ÚDA ®[™ sÁÈ ®[Æ sƒVˆ›>V[. ±Æ ˛ºÈV ∞ø ‘√VF ®[Æ √]_ ˛Á¶›>m. º√V™ \V>D ±Æ ˛ºÈV sÁÈ nÕm ‘√VBVÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. ÷Õ> \V>D sÁÈ ÌΩs‚¶m ®[≈V[ ÔÁ¶¬ÔV´[. sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ºBVE›>V[. sÁÈ cBÏÕm ÷Ú¬zD º√Vm ÷ÚDÁ√ kV∫zkm x‚¶V^>™D. ÷ÚDA sÁÈ zÁ≈•D kÁ´ ÂV[ ÔV›]Ú©º√[. ∂|›> \V>D sÁÈ zÁ≈•D. ∂Õ> ∞Áw x‚¶V·VÔ°D ÷ÚÕ>V[. ±Æ ˛ºÈV ÷ÚDÁ√ >∫Ô\VÔ \Vu§™V_ ®Àk·° ÿƒ_kD ˛Á¶›]Ú¬zD! ŒÚ\V>D Ôa›m s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ \Æ√Ω•D ÔÁ¶›ÿ>Ú°¬z© º√VF ÷ÚD∏[ sÁÈÁB sƒVˆ›>V[. √ÁwB ÷ÚDA sÁÈ ±Æ ˛ºÈV°¬z √]Á™Õm ‘√VBVÔ cBÏÕ]ÚÕ>m. s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ºBVE›>V[. ÷Àk·° cBÏÕ> sÁÈ ÿÔV|›m √ÁwB ÷ÚDÁ√ kV∫zk>V? ÷[–D ÿÔVfiƒD ÔV›m ÷ÚÕ>V_ ÷ÚDA sÁÈ zÁ≈•º\. J[≈VD \V>D ÷ÚDA sÁÈ ÷Ú√m ‘√VF g˛s‚¶m. º\KD ÔV›m ÷Ú¬Ô s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ xΩ° ÿƒF>V[. g™V_ ∂Õº>V √ˆ>V√D! xMkÏ >∫ÔƒVt J[Æ \V> ÔVȬÿÔ|°¬z© ∏[ ]ÚD∏ kÕ>VÏ. \VB¬Ô_ÁÈ© ∏|∫˛¬ ÿÔVı| º√VFs‚¶VÏ. sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ∞μÁ\lKD, kÚ›>›]KD x[A º√VȺk cw[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>V[. Ô¶°^ Â\¬z¬ ÿÔV|›]Ú¬zD kVμÂV^ ÷Õ> \VB¬Ô_ gzD. ∂m Â\¬z¬ ˛Á¶›]Ú©√m Ô¶°π[ ∂Úº·. Â\¬z^º· Ô¶°º· ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ∂kÁ´ ÂVD Ôı|∏Ω¬ÔVs‚¶V_ ÂDÁ\©º√V_ m´]Úi¶ƒVo √ˆ>V√›m¬zˆBkÏ ºkÆ BVÚD ÷_ÁÈ.
24
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
1776) >[ \>º\ cBÏÕ>m ®[≈ cıÁ\ÁB¬ Ôı|∏Ω›> A›]ƒVo
zÚÂV>Ï Ô¶È©√ˆ[ gE´\›]uz ŒÚ sÚÕ>Vπ kÕ]ÚÕ>VÏ. sÚÕ>Vπ ˛uÆÂV>Ï >[ \´›Á>© √u§ s·¬˛¬ ̧™VÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ Ô¶°·V_ º>ÏÕÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶ E≈©A \M>ÏÔ^ ®[≈VÏ ˛uÆÂV>Ï. Ô¶_ÂV>Ï ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ¿∫Ô^ ÌÆk>[ ÿ√VÚ^ ®[™? ˛uÆÂV>Ï √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. cÈ˛_ c^· \¬Ô^ ∂Á™kˆ¶D ÷ÚÕmD ÷Á≈k[ ®∫ÔÁ·ºB E≈©Afl ʶÏÔ·VÔ º>ÏÕÿ>|›m^·VÏ. zÚÂV>Ï Ô¶_ÂV>Ï xÔ›Á>› ÿ>V∫Ô© º√V‚¶√Ω Ì§™VÏ. ÷Õ> \Ô›>V™ cıÁ\ÁB¬ Ôı|∏Ω›>mD ¿∫Ô^ >Vº™? >∫Ô^ ÔÚ›Á>ºB cÈ˛_ c^º·VÚD ∏[√u§™V_ \‚|º\ cÈÔD ∏Áw¬zD ®[Æ WÁ™©√m >V[ ∂∑´ÏÔπ[ º√V¬z ®[√VÏ sº™V√V.
1777) \>›Á>¬ zƬÔVyÏÔ^
cÈ˛[ \VxMkÏÔ^ \M>ÏÔ^ √≈ÁkÔÁ·© º√VÈ ∑>Õ]´\VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|D. \ÈÏÔÁ·© º√VÈ \ÈÏÕm ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D ®[ÿ≈_ÈVD ÌÆkVÏÔ^. zÚÂV>Ï Ai√«VƒÏ ÷¬ÔÚ›Á> ∂©√ΩºB ∏[√uÆ√kÏ. ∂kÚÁ¶B gE´\›]uz ∂Ú˛_ ÷ÚÕ> √¬ÔV´Ï z‚Á¶ ∂©√Ï gE´\›]uz ŒÚ ÔΩ>D ®ø]™VÏ. zÚÂV>º´ c∫Ô^ gE´\›]uz© √≈ÁkÔ^ >ıßÏ zΩ¬zD ∂wz¬ z·D Œ[Æ Ô‚¶ ÂV[ Â[ÿÔVÁ¶ >Õº>[. ∂Õ> ∂wz¬ z·›]_ E‚|¬ zÚsÔÁ·› >ıßÏ zΩ¬Ô ∂–\]¬Ô ºkı¶VD ®[Æ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔV^˛º≈[. \>D \V§BkÏÔ^ >V[ ÷Õ>¬ ˛u§_ >ıßÏ ®|¬ÔÈVD ®[Æ ÿƒV_K˛[≈ º√ÏkaÔ^ ÷[–D ÷Õ> cÈÔ›]_ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^.
1778) ÂVxD ∂mº√V_ >V[
º¤.∏. kV¸kVM ̧Bm
z©AƒVt x>_ >¶ÁkBVÔ ´l_ √BD ÿƒF>V[. ∂k[ √Bfl ∑Á\ 50 ˛ºÈV gzD. ´l_ s]l[√Ω 40 ˛ºÈV kÁ´ Ô‚¶D ˛Á¶BVm. *>x^· 10 ˛ºÈV°¬z¬ Ô‚¶D ÿƒK›> ºkı|D. z©AƒVt ŒÚ >Õ]´D ÿƒF>V[. 40 ˛ºÈV ƒV\VÁ™ ´l_ÿ√‚Ωl_ ˇºw Ák›>V[. *>x^· 10
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
25
˛ºÈV ∑Á\ÁB >[ >ÁȺ\_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. 10 ˛ºÈV ∑Á\ÁB >ÁÈl_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı| ¿ı¶ #´D √BD ÿƒF>V[. ∂©º√Vm √BflÊ‚| ºƒV>Á™ ÿƒF√kÏ ∂Õ>© ÿ√‚Ω¬z^ O Áw Õ >V Ï. z©AƒVtÁB© √VÏ›m ∞[ ¿∫Ô^ ∑Á\ÁB >ÁÈl_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı| c‚ÔVÏÕm ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^ ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. z©AƒVt nBV Ô‚¶D ÷[§ ÿÔVı| º√VÔ¬ÌΩB 40 ˛ºÈV ƒV\VÁ™ >Á´l_ Ák›º>[. *>x^· 10 ˛ºÈVÁk ÂVº™ ∑\Õm ÿƒ_˛º≈[ ®[≈V[. √ˆºƒV>ÔÚ¬zfl Eˆ©A kÕ>m. c∫Ô^ ∑Á\ xøkÁ>•D ÷Õ> ´l_ ®Õ]´D >V[ ÷ø›mfl ÿƒ_˛≈m. c∫Ô^ ƒV\VÁ™› >Á´l_ Ák›>VKD, >ÁȺ\_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VKD, ÷fl∑Á\ÁB ®_ÈVD ∑\©√m ´l_ºk ®fiE[ >V[. gÔºk ÷Õ> 10 ˛ºÈV ∂]Ô©√Ω ƒV\V–¬z ¿∫Ô^ Ô‚¶D ÿƒK›]›>V[ gÔºkı|D. ÷Õ> x‚¶V^ √BËÁB© º√V_ >V[ ÂVxD ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD. ÂD E[™fiEÆ kVμ¬ÁÔfl ∑Á\ÔÁ· ÂD >ÁȺ\_ Ák›m ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD. ®_ÈVfl ∑Á\ÁB•D ÷Á≈k[ >V[ >V∫˛¬ ÿÔV^˛≈V[ ®[Æ ∂§km ÷_ÁȺB.
º¤.∏. kV¸kVM ̧Bm
1779) kVF©√V √BxÆ›>ÈV?
ÿ√ˆB kÏ›>Ô WÆk™›][ su√Á™ º\ÈV·Ï T´©√[ >[ WÆk™›Á>© √u§ ºBVE›m© √VÏ›>VÏ. ®Õÿ>Õ> \Vk‚¶∫Ôπ_ su√Á™ zÁ≈Õm ÷Ú¬˛≈º>V ∂Õ>Õ> \Vk‚¶ su√Á™© ∏´]W]ÔÁ·¬ Ì©∏‚¶VÏ. ŒÚ \VÂV| ¶›]™VÏ. \VÂV‚| º\Á¶l_ ∑ku§_ ŒÚ ÿ√ˆB ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>D Œ‚¶©√‚| ÷ÚÕ>m. ∂>[ Â|s_ ŒÚ ÔÆ©A© A^π Ák¬Ô©√‚| ÷ÚÕ>m. >[ su√Á™ ∏´]W]Ô^ ŒÀÿkVÚk´VÔ¬ Ì©∏‚¶VÏ T´©√[. c∫Ô^ x[™V_ ®[™ ÿ>ˆ˛≈m ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ®_ºÈVÚD ŒÚ ÔÆ©A© A^π ÿ>ˆ˛≈m ®[Æ ÿƒV[™VÏÔ^. T´©√[ ]ÚD√›]ÚD√¬ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ºkÆ
26
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∞>Vkm ÿ>ˆ˛≈>V? ®_ºÈVÚD ÔÆ©A© A^π \‚|D >V[ ÿ>ˆ˛≈m ®[≈VÏÔ^. T´©√[ √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. ÂDxÁ¶B ºƒVÔ¬ÔÁ>ºB ÷m>V[. ÂVD ®_ºÈVÚD ÔÆ©A© A^πÁB ÔVı˛º≈VD. ÷Õ>¬ ÔÆ©A© A^π ®Õ> ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>›]_ kÁ´B©√‚| ÷Ú¬˛≈º>V ∂Àk·° ÿ√ˆB ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>›Á> ÂVD √VÏ©√º> ÷_ÁÈ. c∫Ô^ su√Á™ √z]¬z› ]ÚD√fl ÿƒ_K∫Ô^. ÔÆ©A© A^πÔÁ·© √VϬÔVyÏÔ^. ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>∫ÔÁ·© √VÚ∫Ô^. ∂flƒJ‚|D g√›m¬ÔÁ·© √VϬÔVyÏÔ^. ÈV√D >ÚD kVF©A¬ÔÁ·© √VÚ∫Ô^ ®[≈VÏ T´©√[.
1780) ÿku§l[ ´ÔEBD
º¤.∏. kV¸kVM ̧Bm
ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´[ ºkÈ©√[ >[ kÁÈl_ ŒÚ E[™© √≈ÁkÁB© ∏Ω›>V[. ∂Á>¬ ÌıΩ_ ∂Á¶›>V[. Ìı|© √≈Ák ]œÿ´[Æ ∂kM¶D º√EuÆ. ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´º™! ÂV[ ŒÚ E§B √≈Ák. ®[™V_ c∫Ô”¬z ÈV√D ˛Á¶BVm. ®[Á™¬ ÿÔV[Æ ][≈V_ c∫Ô”¬zfl E§>·ºk \VtƒD ˛Á¶¬zD. ®[Á™ ¿∫Ô^ s|>ÁÈ ÿƒF•∫Ô^. ÌıÁ¶› ]≈Õm ®[Á™ ÿkπºB s|∫Ô^. ÿku§l[ J[Æ ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ· ÂV[ c∫Ô”¬zfl ÿƒV_o› >Ú˛º≈[. ∂Õ> ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω›>V_ ¿∫Ô^ ÿƒ_kxD, k·xD, ÿku§•D ÿÔVı| s·∫zTÏÔ^. ]ÁÔ©√Á¶Õ> ºkÈ©√[ ÌıÁ¶› ]≈Õm √≈ÁkÁB ÿkπºB s‚¶V[. ∂©√≈Ák √≈Õm º√VF ŒÚ \´›][ cflEl_ c‚ÔVÏÕm ÿÔVı¶m. >V[ ̧B√Ω J[Æ ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ· ∂k–¬z¬ Ôu∏›>m. x>_ ´ÔEBD ä c∫Ô”Á¶B ÿ√Vm ∂§°¬z sº´V>\V™ ®Á>•D ∂kƒ´©√‚| ∞uƬ ÿÔV^·VyÏÔ^. ÷´ı¶Vkm ä ÷wÕ> ÿ√VÚÁ·© √u§ kÚ›>©√¶VyÏÔ^. J[≈Vkm ä ÿƒFm xΩ¬Ô ÷BÈV> ÔVˆB›]_ c∫Ô^ ƒ¬]ÁB Tı ÿƒFBVyÏÔ^. ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´[ ºkÈ©√–¬z ®ˆflƒ_ kÕ>m. ¿ ŒÚ ∂u√© √≈Ák. c[Á™ ÂV[ ÌıΩ_ ÷ÚÕm ÿkπl_ s‚ΩÚ¬Ôºk ̶Vm. ∂>™V_ ŒÚ √B–D ˛Á¶BVm.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
27
√≈Ák √]K¬zfl ÿƒV[™m. √B[ ˛Á¶BV>V? ®[ ÷>B›Á> ÿk‚Ω› ]≈Õ>V_ ∂]_ tÔ©ÿ√ˆB Ák´¬Ô_ Œ[Æ √]›]Ú©√Á> √VϬÔÈVº\. ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´[ ºkÈ©√Á™ º√´VÁƒ ∏Ω›m¬ ÿÔVı¶m. ∂k[ \´¬˛Á·Ôπ[ *m ∞§™V[. EÆ √≈ÁkºBV √≈Õm º√VF ∂|›> \´›][ *m c‚ÔVÏÕ>m. ˛Á·¬z¬ ˛Á· >V°D º√Vm ºkÈ©√[ ˇºw søÕm ÔVÁÈ x§›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ∂©√≈Ák \´›][ cflEl_ ÷ÚÕm ˛ZflE‚¶m. ÿku§l[ J[Æ ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ·› ]ÚD√fl ÿƒV_˛º≈[. c[ ÿ√Vm ∂§°¬z© ÿ√VÚÕ>V> ®Á>•D ºƒV]›m© √VϬÔV\_ ÂD√Vº>. ®∫ºÔBVkm √≈Ákl[ ÷>B›]_ Ák´¬Ô_ ÷Ú¬z\V? ¿ ®[ x>_ s]ÁB¬ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω¬Ôºk ÷_ÁÈ. ∂|›> s] ÷wÕ> ÿ√VÚÁ·© √u§ kÚ›>©√¶Vº> ®[√m gzD. ®[Á™¬ ÌıΩ_ ÷ÚÕm s|s›m s‚| ∂Á>©√u§ kÚ›>©√‚¶VF. ÷m Tı ºkÁÈ >Vº™? J[≈Vkm s] ä ÿƒFB xΩBV> ºkÁÈÁBfl ÿƒFB xBuE √ıVº>. \´›]_ ÷Ú¬zD √≈ÁkÁB© ∏Ω¬Ô xBuE ÿƒF>VF. ˇºw søÕm ÔVÁÈ ŒΩ›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VF. ®™¬z ºÂ´\V˛ s‚¶m. kÚ˛º≈[. ÷Mº\ÈVkm ÂV[ ÿƒV[™ √V¶∫ÔÁ· kVμ¬ÁÔl_ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω¬Ô xBuE √ıb.
Ôo ä 5113 Ô´ kÚ¶D Á> \V> NÕm© √ıΩÁÔÔ^
2012 ¤™kˆ 14 x>_ ∏©´kˆ 12 kÁ´
15.01.2012 ä ÿ√V∫Ô_ √ıΩÁÔ, 16 ä Ô– \V‚|© ÿ√V∫Ô_, ∂´sÕ> gE´\ ∂[Á™BVÏ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, ¸kVt ∏´D\V™Õ>Ï ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, 22 ä Á> ∂\VkVÁƒ ƒx›]´ ¸ÂV™D, 23 ä ºÂ>V˜ ∑√V¸ ƒÕ]´º√V¸ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, 25 ä º>ÊB ∑uÆÈV ÂV^, 26 ä zΩB´∑ ]™D, 27 ä √[™V‚| º«VºÈVÔV¸‚ º√´asuz ÷ȬÔVº™VÏ WÁ≈° ]™D, 28 ä ÈVÈVȤ√› ´VF ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, 30 ä ´>ƒ©>t ¨i\Ï T|AzÕ> ÂV^, \ÔV›\VÔVÕ] WÁ™°ÂV^, ]BV˛Ô^ ]™D, cÈÔ ÿ>VøºÂVF Œa©A ÂV^. 02/02/2012 ä cÈÔ ƒm©A WÈ ÂV^, 4 ä k_È√VflƒVˆBVÏ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ / cÈÔ AuƺÂVF ]™D, 07 ä Á>©ØƒD ÿk^π \ÁÈ p´V\˛ÚiÏ ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ zD√V∏º≠ÔD, z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D.
28
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ƒ∫Ô´[ºÔVs_ ä ∂[™ØÁ¤
®ø]BkÏ ä ˜. ÂVÔƒVt
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
p˛ÚiÏ ∂k>ˆ›> AıËB ]™\V™ 21.08.2011 QVlÆ ∂[Æ √fiƒ ¸>È›]_ Œ[≈VÔ ÷Ú¬˛[≈ ƒ∫Ô´Âl™VÏ ºÔVso_ c^· ÿ´‚ΩBVÏ ]Ú\ \ı¶√›]_ Ák›m tÔfl E≈©√VÔ ∂[™ØÁ¤ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m. ]BVÔ›]™V_ ∂x>D ∑´¬zD ®[≈ √wÿ\Va¬ºÔu√ ]BVÔ›][ ÿ√VÚÁ· Â[z cÏÕ> \¬Ôπ¶D ÷ÚÕm 3400 ˛ºÈV ∂ˆE ºƒÔˆ¬Ô©√‚¶m. ºÔÕ]´© √ËÔ”¬z ÷MÁ\R‚|˛[≈ kÁÔl_ ∑\VÏ 35 ÷Á·QÏÔ^ ∂ˆE ºƒÔˆ¬zD √Ël_ >∫ÔÁ· ~|√|›]¬ ÿÔVı| ÷©√ËlÁ™fl ÿƒF>™Ï. ÷ÀkVÆ ºƒÔˆ¬Ô©√‚¶ ∂ˆEÁB \ÁȺ√V_ zs›m ∂]_ ∂[™ØÏV º>sÁB ∂È∫ÔV´›m¶[ gkV«™D ÿƒFm ∂Á™kÚ\VÔfl ºƒÏÕm g]ƒ∫Ô´Ï ∂ÚπB ∂[™ØÏV ¸º>V›]´D \uÆD √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ c^· s¸k‘√ >ˆƒ™D x>okuÁ≈ √¬]© ØÏk\VÔ mig_]™Ï. ∂>[ ∏[™Ï Áºk›]B \Õ]´›]uz© ∏[ ]Ú\] ÔÈV´VË \uÆD ]Ú\] ÿk^π\VÁÈ g˛ºBVÏ g´›] ®|›>™Ï. x[™>VÔ ÷ÕWÔμflEÁB ]Ú\] \ÔVº>s ∂kÏÔ^ ]Ús·¬ºÔu§› mk¬˛ Ák›>VÏÔ^. ÷]_ 120 º√Ï ÔÈÕm ÿÔVı¶™Ï. ÷ÕWÔμflEl_ ]Ú. ºk_xÚÔ[ gEˆBÏ ∂kÏÔ^ ∂Á™kÁ´•D k´ºkuÆ© º√E™VÏÔ^. ]Ú. ´VDƒ[ ]Ú. gÏ. x›m¬ ˛Úi[ ∂kÏÔ^, ÔVB›Z ÿ¶¬¸ ]Ú. ∞.s. ´s ∂kÏÔ^, kw¬Ô§QÏ ]Ú. ƒıxÁÔBV ∂kÏÔ^ g˛ºBVÏ kVμ›mÁ´ kw∫˛™VÏÔ^. ºÔÕ]´›][ J›> ƒºÔV>´Ï Â. ˛ÚiJÏ›]˜ \uÆD ºÔÕ]´ ˛´V\ x[º™u≈› ]‚¶fl ÿƒBÈÏ ]Ú. ∂FB©√[˜ g˛ºBVÏ E≈©AÁ´ gu§™VÏÔ^. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï √¶¬ÔıÔV‚E•D, ∑kVt˜l[ kVμ¬ÁÔ √u§B zÆÕ>Ô| Œπ, Œo¬ ÔV‚E•D E≈©√VÔ ]Ú. g©ÿ¶¬ ºƒÔÏ ∂kÏÔ^ ÿƒF]ÚÕ>VÏ. WÔμflEl_ ÔÈÕm ÿÔVı¶kÏÔ”¬z ºÔÕ]´›][ ƒVÏ√VÔ WÁ™°© √ˆ∑Ô^ kw∫˛ ÿÔ·´s¬Ô©√‚¶m. ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶Ï ]Ú. g©ÿ¶¬ ºƒÔÏ ∂kÏÔπ[ Â[§•Á´¬z© ∏[™Ï WÔμflE ÷Mº> WÁ≈°u≈m. ºÔVs_√‚Ω ˛Á·› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ \uÆD √VÈÏ√^π gEˆÁBÔ^ E›´Vº>s, ÔÈVº¤V], \ºÔ¸kˆ, ÿ¤BÊÈV, ƒ´¸k] g˛ºBVÏ ÷ÕWÔμflE¬z ºkıΩB ∞u√V|ÔÁ·fl ÿƒF>™Ï. ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ∂[™ØÁ¤ ∏´ƒV>D kw∫Ô©√‚¶m.
30
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
Â_Èz|D√D ŒÚ √_ÔÁȬÔwÔD
÷_È›Á> ÷M>V¬zkm ®m?
gƒV ÿ´‚Ω
∂´sÕ>–¬z ∂KkÈÔ›]_ ÂV^ xømD ÔΩ™\V™ ºkÁÈ. ÿk©√D ºkÆ, gÁ·¬ ÿÔ”›]uÆ. ÔVÁÈl_ ∂k[ ºkÁÈÁB g´D∏›>]_ ÷ÚÕº> Œ[ƺ\ ƒˆBVÔ ∂ Á\ B s _ ÁÈ . E[™flE[™ s ≠ B ∫ Ô π _ ƒÔ©√ËBV·ÏÔ”¶[ Ø ƒ _ ˛·D∏uÆ. EÈ x ¬ ˛ B \V ™ ºÔV©A¬ÔÁ· ∂k™V_ º>Ω cˆB ºÂ´›]_ Ôı|∏Ω¬Ô xΩBs_ÁÈ. >ÁȺkÆ ∂k–¬z ko¬Ô› ÿ>V¶∫˛Bm. ®©º√Vm ÷Õ> ÂV^ xΩ•D ®[§ÚÕ>m ∂k–¬z. ∞ÿ™M_ ÂVπ[ xΩs_ ∂k[ >[ ÷MB ÷_È›]uz© º√VkÁ> gkK¶[ ®]ϺÂV¬˛ ÷ÚÕ>V[ ä >[ ÷MB ÷_È›]uz ]ÀBV°¬z ®©º√VmD √^π¬Ì¶D º√Vkm ŒÚ ∑ÁkBV™ ∂–√kD. g™V_ ÷[Á≈B ]™D ŒÚ s]sȬz. ∂k^ ÿƒFBV> zu≈›]uz gEˆBÏ ∂kÁ·¬ ÔıΩ›>VÏ. ∂k”Á¶B clÏ›º>Va ∂k”¶[ xÔD ÿÔV|›m© º√ƒs_ÁÈ. ∂k”¬z ®ˆflƒÈVÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. m¬ÔD ÿ>VıÁ¶ÁB ∂Á¶›m¬ ÿÔVı| kÕ>m. ÔÁ¶E \Ë•D ∂Ω›>º√Vm ∂k”¬z ‘∂©√V¶V’ ®[§ÚÕ>m. ÿ√ÚJfl∑¶[ ∂k^ >[ A›>Ô© Á√l_ ºÂV‚|© A›>Ô∫ÔÁ· ∂Á¶›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V^. WD\]•D ®]ϺÂV¬Ô ∂k”¬z ÷ÚÕ>m ä ÷_ÈD ä ÷MBº>VÏ ÷_ÈD. ÷_È›Á> ÷MB ÷_È\VÔ g¬zkm ®m? ∂w˛B Ô‚Ω¶\V, º>V‚¶\V? Â_È Â_È º\Áƒ, ÂVuÔVo, ºƒV√V ÿƒ‚¶V? ƒÁ\BÈÁ≈ t[ ÔÚsÔ·V? zπÏ ƒV>™© ÿ√‚ΩBV, t[ ∂|©√V, ∏´≠Ï z¬Ô´V? ÷_ÁÈ ä \M>ÏÔ^ >V[ ÷_È›Á> ÷MÁ\BV¬z˛≈VÏÔ^. ÷_È›][ z”Á\, ÿÂÚ¬ÔD, ∂[MºBV[MBD, \˛μflE ÷kuÁ≈© √˛ÏÕm ÿÔV^k>V_ ÷_È›][ g™Õ>xD, ÷MÁ\•D kÚ˛[≈™. g™V_ ÷›>ÁÔB ŒuÆÁ\ c^πÁƒ° >Vº™ kÕm s|\V ®[™? (k´Vm) ∂>uÿÔ™ xBuE
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
31
ÿƒFB ºkı|D. ŒÚkÁ´ ŒÚkÏ \]¬Ô ºkı|D. ÿ√VmkV™ ~|√V|ÔÁ·, ∏≈Ï√V_ ÷´¬Ô›Á>, ÷[√∫ÔÁ·, √˛ÏÕm ÿÔV^˛[≈ \™©√V∫z ºkı|D. ºkÆ kVÏ›Á>Ôπ_ ̧™V_ ŒÚs> Âu√ı∏Á™© ∏[√uÆkm º>Ák. AÔμÿ√u≈ g∫˛È ®ø›>V·Ï ∞.º¤. ¬º´VM[ ÌÆ˛≈VÏ. √È©√È ‘‘±u≈Vı|Ô·VÔ z|D√ ∂Á\©√V™m, \M>zÈ›][ Âuz∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔV›m k·Ï©√]KD, √ı√V‚ΩÁ™ k·Ï›m cÚkV¬zk]KD x>_ ÿ√VÆ©∏Á™ k˛›m kÚ˛≈m. ®∫ÿÔ_ÈVD z|D√ ∂Á\©A TˆB›m¶–D, ŒuÆÁ\•¶–D ÿƒa›m› ]Ôμ˛[≈º>V ∂∫ÿÔ_ÈVD ÂVD kK°^· ƒx>VB›Á>, gº´V¬˛B\V™ ƒx>VB›Á>¬ ÔVÈVD. ÷m √BxD, WD\]l[Á\•D ÷_ÈV> ÔVÈD. ÂDÁ\fl ∑u§ ®]ˆ© √Á¶Ô·V_ Ûw©√‚¶ \¬Ô^, >MºB ÷Ú©√>VÔ°D, ÷Úı¶ ÷¶›]_ ÷Ú©√>VÔ°D, Œm¬˛› >^·©√‚| ÷Ú©√>VÔ°D cÏ˛[≈™Ï. ÷¬ÔVȬԂ¶›]_ ∂kÏÔ^ >DÁ\¬ ÔV›m¬ ÿÔV^kmD ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ∂π©√mD z|D√ ∂Á\©º√. \V–¶ ÔıËB›Á>•D kVμs[ ÂVÔZÔ›Á>•D ÔV¬Ô Ák¬Ô, z|D√ ∂Á\©º√ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ Â‚ƒ›]´\VÔ s·∫z˛≈m. ŒÚ z|D√D º√Vu≈ ºkıΩB tÔ x¬˛B\V™ Âuz\VÔ, Œπ° \Á≈s_ÈV> ºÂÏÁ\ÁB ÂVD z§©∏¶ÈVD. ∂m ÷_ÈV\_ ŒÚ z|D√›Á> ÂD\V_ Ôu√Á™ ÿƒFm √VÏ¬Ô xΩBVm. ŒÚ ƒx>VB›]_ ÂVD kVμkÁ> ÂD\V_ WÁ™›mD √VÏ¬Ô xΩBVm. ®πÁ\BVÔfl ÿƒV[™V_ ºÂÏÁ\ ®[√m, ÂVD cıÁ\ÿB[Æ ÔÚmkÁ>ºB ÿƒV_km, ÂVD ÿƒ_kÁ>ºB cıÁ\ ®[Æ ÔÚmkÏ. ÂVD ŒÚkÁ´ ŒÚkÏ ∞\Vu≈V\KD, ŒÚkÚ¬ÿÔVÚkÏ ÿ√VF ÿƒV_ÈV\KD ÷Ú©√m. ∂>[ c‚ÿ√VÚ^ ®[™? ÂVD ®>M¶›mD ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zD √Vƒ ∂[A \™©ØÏk\V™m. ®Á>•D ÂVD AÔμÕm ºÂÏÁ\BV™m. ÷¬z›Á>, EÆ zwÕÁ>© √Úk›]ºÈºB ÂVD ∂kÏÔ”¬z^ WÁÈWÆ›] s¶ºk|D. ÷>Á™ ÂD\V_ Ôu∏¬Ô xΩBVm. ÔV‚Ω¬ ÿÔ|¬Ô›>V[ xΩ•D. Œπ° \Á≈ku≈ ºÂÏÁ\ÁB ÂVD kVøD s>›][ JÈD >V[ Ôu∏¬˛º≈VD. ŒÚ gEˆBÏ, ŒÚ \Vk[ ÿ√VF ÿƒV_k>VÔ¬ zu≈D ƒV‚Ω™VÏ. ∂©Á√B[ ÿ√ÚÁ\•¶[ √]KÁ´›>VÏ ‘‘®∫Ô^ T‚Ω_ BVÚD ÿ√VF ÿƒV_È\V‚º¶VD.’’ ºÂÏÁ\ >ÚD √È›]™V_ ÂVD kVμs_ >ÁÈWtÏÕm ¶¬Ô xΩ•D. zwÕÁ>Ô^ ÿ√uº≈VÏÔÁ· ÂÔÈΩ©√kÏÔ^. ∂kÏÔ^ ÷B_√VÔºk, ÿ√uº≈VÏ ÿƒFkm º√V_ >V–D ÿƒFkÏ. ÷m ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ^ *m ÿ√ÚD ∑Á\ÁB© º√V|˛≈m. ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ^ zwÕÁ>Ô^ ®[ÿ™[™ Âuz∫ÔÁ·© ∏[√u≈ ºkı|D ®[Æ WÁ™¬˛≈VÏÔº·V ∂ku§[√Ω ∂kÏÔ”D ¶Õm ÿÔV^· ºkı|D. ¶¬zD º√VmD, º√∑D º√VmD ∂kÏÔº· zwÕÁ>¬z x[ c>V´∫Ô·VÔ s·∫z˛[≈™Ï. √È ƒ\B∫Ôπ_ ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ^ zwÕÁ>Ôπ¶D ‘ÿ√VF ÿƒV_ÈVº>’ ®[Æ Ì§s‚| c¶º™ kVƒo_
32
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
kÕ]Ú©√kÏÔπ¶D ‘∂©√V T‚Ω_ ÷_ÁÈ’ ®[Æ ÌÆD√Ω ÿƒF˛≈VÏÔ^. zwÕÁ>Ô^ zw©√D>V[ ∂Á¶˛[≈VÏÔ^. ‘‘T‚Ω_ >V[ ÷_ÁÈ ®[Æ ∂©√V c∫Ôπ¶D ÌÆD√Ω ®[M¶D ÿƒV[™VÏÔ^’’ ®[Æ ŒÚ zwÕÁ> ÿƒV_km Â\¬z ∞u√‚|^· ∂–√kD >Vº™. ÷Õ> kVμ¬ÁÔl_ \ÁÈÔÁ·ºB A´‚Ω© º√V‚| Ô™°ÔÁ· ™kV¬zD cıÁ\BV™ \VBV¤VÈD Œ[º≈ Œ[Æ >V[ cı|. ∂Õ> \VBºkÁÈ >[Á™ºB ÂDAkm>V[. >DÁ\ºB ÂDA√kÏÔ^, ƒkV_ÔÁ·fl ƒÕ]¬Ô >\¬z ƒ¬] cı| ®[Æ ÂDA√kÏÔ^ \‚|º\ kVμ¬ÁÔÁB Á>ˆB\VÔ ®]ÏÿÔV^· ÷BKD. >[Á™ ÂDAD ®kÚD ®Á>•º\ ƒV]›m s¶ÈVD. EÈ \V>∫Ô‚z x[A g¸]ˆB ÂV‚| ÿ¶[M¸ sÁ·BV‚| T´Ï >V\¸\¸¶Ï ∏ÿ´fi∑ ÂV‚|© ÿ√Vm sÁ·BV‚|© √‚¶›Á> ÿk[≈VÏ. ÷Õ> gıΩ[ Ôπ\ı sÁ·BV‚¶´∫Ô T´ÏÔ”^ >ÁÈE≈Õ>k´VÔ°D ∂kÏ sÚD∏™VÏ. g™V_ ∂kÏ ŒÚ ÿ√ÚD s√›]_ E¬˛¬ ÿÔVı| s‚¶VÏ. \Ú›mkÏÔ^ ∂k´V_ ¶¬Ôºk xΩBVm ®[Æ ÔÚ›m› ÿ>ˆs›>VÏÔ^. ÿ¶[M¸ sÁ·BV|km ®[≈ º√flºƒ ®ws_ÁÈ. g™V_ ∂kº´V ÿÂfi∑´D, \™c¶_ cÆ], ∑BxBuE ÷ku§[JÈD ∂kÏ >[ mÁ≈l[ x>_ ÷¶›]uºÔ ]ÚD√ ®øD∏fl ÿƒ[≈VÏ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ ÿƒVuÔπ_ ÌÆkÿ>[≈V_ ÿ>Fk›Á> ÂD√V>k[ ÂV›]Ô[ ®[Æ √ÁwB \>∫Ô^ ̧™. >[Á™ºB ÂD√V>k[>V[ ÂV›]Ô[ ®[Æ A]B ºk>∫Ô^ AÔ_˛[≈™. ŒÚ zwÕÁ>l¶D ∑B ƒVÏ∏Á™ ª¬zs¬Ô ÿ√uº≈V´V_ ∞>Vkm ÿƒFB xΩ•\V? xΩ•D. zwÕÁ>l[ ÷B_√V™ ]≈Á\Ô”D, ÁÔ›]≈–D ®∫ºÔ ÿ√V]Õ]Ú¬˛[≈™ ®[Æ √VÏ›m, ∂kuÁ≈ √ÈkÕ>t[§ k·Ï›ÿ>|©√]_ >V[ ÷>[ ´ÔEBD ŒπÕm ˛¶¬˛≈m. zwÕÁ>l[ ]‚¶∫ÔÁ·•D, gÁƒ sÚ©√∫ÔÁ·•D ∂m ÌÆDº√Vm, ÂVD Ôk™›m¶–D, \ˆBVÁ>•¶–D ∂kuÁ≈¬ ÔVm ÿÔV|›m¬ ºÔ‚Ô ºkı|D. ∂Ák ®Àk·° ®πÁ\BVÔ› º>V[§™VKD xΩÕ> º√Vÿ>_ÈVD ∂Ák ™kVÔ, zwÕÁ>¬z ÂVD c>s ÿƒFB ºkı|D.
\V. ∞¬ÂV›˜ WÁ™° ÂV^
ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D kV∑º>k Â_ŸÏ, \Vÿ>VÚ √V]B[ ∂Ï›> ÂVZ¸k´Ï gÈBD ]Úº\Mfl E≈©AD ºÔVs_ ∂wzD ÿÔVı¶m gzD. ÷∫z ¶Õ> Œ[§B ∂·sÈV™ ˛´V\©A≈ √ı√V‚|© º√V‚Ωl[ º√Vm \¬Ô^ ºÔVs_ ∂≈∫ÔVkÈÚD, ºÔÕ]´ ∂[√ÚD g˛B ]Ú. EkQV™D >ÁÈÁ\l_ \V. ∞¬ÂV›˜ ∂kÏÔ”¬z ∂fiƒo ÿƒK›]™Ï. √ı√V‚|© º√V‚Ω•D ∂wÔVÔ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m. ∞u√V|D, >ÔkKD ˜. ÂVÔƒVt
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
33
ƒ›]BxD >V™xD
s. ´V\ÂV>[
Âuz k·ÏflE
ÂD NÕm >›mk›]_ ƒ›]BxD >V™xD Ô‚¶Á·Ô^ ∂_È. g™V_ EÈ ∂Ω©√Á¶ÔÁ· ÷Õ>© AM> ÂV‚Ω_ Ô∫ÁÔ, BxÁ™, ÔVºkˆ ÂV‚Ω_ ∏≈Õ> ÂVD ∏[√u§ Œøz˛[º≈VD. x>ÈVkmD ∂]x¬˛B\V™mD ƒ›]B›Á>© ∏[√u§ ¶›>_ v›Bº\k¤Bº> ¶›>_. ƒ›]Bº\ ÿk_KD, ®[√º> ÂD º>ÊB È‚EB kVƒÔD. ÷mºk, WÏkVÔ›]KD >MÂ√Ï kVμsKD, ∏≈Ú¶[ √wzk]KD ÂDÁ\ ka¶›mD >›mkD gzD. ƒ›]BD º√∑ (ƒ›BD k>) ®[≈ Á>›]ZB c√W≠> kV¬z Â_kVμ°¬z kaÔV‚Ω gzD. º√´a°¬ ÔVÈ›]KD ƒ›]B›Á>© ∏[√u§ kVμk>uz x>[Á\BV™ c>V´D ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´M[ ÔÁ>. sıbÈÔ› º>kÏÔ^ ÂD ]≈Á\ÔÁ·fl ºƒV]›m© √VϬ˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂©√Ω©√‚¶ ƒÕ>Ï©√∫ÔÁ· cı| √ıb˛[≈VÏÔ^. ƒ›]B, >Ï\© √VÁ>l_ ÷ÚÕm ÂVD ∏≈μÕm s¶ gÁƒ ÔV‚|˛[≈VÏÔ^. >[ ÿÔV^ÁÔÔπ_ mÚk ‚ƒ›]´›Á>© º√VÈ ∂ÁƒBV\_ Wu√k[>V[ cıÁ\ \M>[. ∏≈Ú¬z x[\V]ˆ º√Vu≈›>¬Ôk[ ∂kº™. «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ÷©√Ω©√‚¶kº™. ÂDt_ √ÈÚ¬z ∂k[ ÔÁ> ÿ>ˆÕ]Ú¬zD. ÷Ú©∏–D ∑Ú¬Ô\VÔfl ÿƒV_KºkVD ÷[ÿ™VÚ xÁ≈. \[™[ «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ÂV‚Á¶•D, \¬ÔÁ·•D ∂≈ÿ§©√Ω ƒ › ] B D > k ≈ V \ _ g ı | k Õ > V [ . ∂k–Á¶B ÂV‚Ω_ kÆÁ\ ˛Á¶BVm. z Ω \ ¬ Ô ^ \˛μflE•¶–D, ]Ú©]•¶–D kVμÕm kÕ>™Ï. ∂k–Á¶B ´V¤zÚ kEi¶Ï WÏkVÔ s≠B∫ÔπKD, g[*Ô s≠B∫ÔπKD ∂k–¬z ∂§°Á´ ̧kÕ>VÏ.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
35
s∑kVt›]´Ï ≥›]ˆB zÈ›]_ ∏≈Õ>>V_ ∂kÚ¬z ∏´D\ˆ¥ ®[≈ √‚¶D ˛‚¶s_ÁÈ. ∂kÏ ∏´D\ˆ¥ ®[Æ AÔμÿ√u≈ kEi¶Á´© √VÏ›>]_ ÿ√V≈VÁ\ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. √È >¶ÁkÔ^ s∑kVt›]´ÚD, kEi¶ÚD ®]Ï®]Ï ∂ËÔπ_ W[≈™Ï. ŒÚ c>V´D. ]ˆƒ∫z°¬ÿÔ™ s∑kVt›]´Ï A]B ∑kϬԺÈVÔD √Á¶›>_, ]ˆƒ∫zs[ ´V¤zÚ kEi¶Ï ÷Às´ı| ∂§kVπÔπ[ ؃_ ¿ı¶ÔVÈD ÿ>V¶ÏÕm ¿Ω›>m. kEi¶º´ >[ kVBV_ s∑kVt›]´Á´ ∏´D\ˆ¥ ®[≈Áw›>∏[ >V[ ÷Õ>© ∏¬z yÏÕ>m. ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ŒÚ ÿ√VF ̶fl ÿƒV[™]_ÁÈ ®[√]_ ´V¤zÚ kEi¶Ú¬z© ÿ√Út>D cı|. ÷flƒkVÁÈ ∞uƬ ÿÔVı| s∑kVt›]´Ï «ˆflƒÕ]´Á™© √ˆºƒV]¬Ô gÁƒ©√‚¶VÏ. \[™Ï «ˆflƒÕ]´M¶D s∑kVt›]´Ï ŒÚ √ˆ∑ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. kV¬zÆ] >Õ> ´V¤V, >[ ÂV‚Á¶ºB ÿÔV|¬Ô ºkıΩ kÕ>m. ∂DxMkÏ \[™M[ √VÁ>l_ ÷[–D ÷Á¶fiƒ_ÔÁ· cı¶V¬˛, \[™Á™•D, ´VËÁB•D ∂kÏÔ^ A>_kÁ™•D >[ ∂ΩÁ\Ô^ g¬˛¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ÷›m[√∫Á·•D, ∂k\V™∫ÔÁ·•D «ˆflƒÕ]´[ >V∫˛¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. >[ gıÁ\¬zD, clÚ¬zD, kVμ¬ÁÔ¬zD ∞u√‚¶ ∂k\V™∫ÔÁ· ∂k[ >V∫˛¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. g™VKD ƒ›]BD >k≈V\_ W[≈V[. ºÔV√xu≈ xMkÏ, kV´VE \BV™›]_ «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ŒÚ ÌoBV·VÔ ºkÁÈ ÿƒF•D√Ω WBt›>VÏ. «ˆflƒÕ]´[ >[ √ËÁB¬ ÔıbD ÔÚ›m\VÔ gu§™V[. \BV™›]_ ®ˆR‚¶©√‚¶ ∏∫Ôπ[ Ô¬ÁÔ Ák›]ÚÕm, xMkÚ¬zfl ºƒ´ºkıΩB ÿ>VÁÔÁB kÛo›m¬ ÿÔV|›m kÕ>V[. >Ï\©√VÁ>l_ \[™[ >k§[§ ¶©√Á>¬ Ôı¶ xMkÏ, ∂k[ \Á™sÁB•D, \ÔÁ™•D ŒÚ √¬ÔV´ sBV√Vˆ¬z sÁȺ√E, ºÔV√›]_ suÆ s‚¶VÏ. ∂ÀsÚkÚD T‚| ºkÁÈ ÿƒFm ∏Áw›>™Ï. ÷ku§_ ®_ÈVD xMkÏ ]Ú©] ∂Á¶Bs_ÁÈ. E™›]™V_ ∂kÏ, \[™M[ \ÔÁ™ ŒÚ s≠©√VDA ÔΩ¬Ôfl ÿƒF>VÏ. ∏›Á>© AÁ>¬Ô \[™M[ \Á™s \BV™›m¬z© º√V™V^. ´V¤V°¬zD, ´VˬzD ŒÚkÁ´ ŒÚkÏ ∂Á¶BV·D ÿ>ˆBs_ÁÈ. ∏›Á>© AÁ>¬zx[ xMkÚ¬z¬ ÿÔV|¬Ô ºkıΩB Ô‚¶›Á>› >´ºkı|D ®[Æ \BV™fl ºƒkÔ[ kuAÆ›]™V[. ∂©ÿ√ı˶D √D ÷_ÁÈ. >V[ ∞Áw ®[√>V_ Ô‚¶›Á› >^”√Ω ÿƒFB ºkı|D ®[Æ ∂©ÿ√ı ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVı¶V^. \Æ›ms‚¶ «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ∏›Á> ®|›m¬ ÿÔVı| º√VFs|D√Ω ∂©ÿ√ı˶D ̧s‚¶V[. >[ gı¶V–¬zfl ÿƒK›>ºkıΩB Ô‚¶›Á>¬ Ô‚Ω™V_ >V[ ∏›Á>© AÁ>¬ÔÈVD ®[Æ ÿƒV[™V[ ∂k[. ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´M[ ƒ›]Bÿ§ÁB sıË_ ÷ÚÕm Ôı¶ º>kÏÔ^ AM> ÔVE¬z kÕm ´V¤V, ´VËÁB kVμ›]™VÏ. s∑kVt›]´ xMkÏ >[ º>V_sÁB Œ©A¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´Á™ ƒ›]B›][ \Æÿ√BÏ ÷À°È˛_ ®[Æ º√Vu§™VÏ.
36
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ÂVD ∂Á™kÚD ÷Õ>¬ ÔÁ>ÁB© √Ω›]Ú¬˛º≈VD, ºÔ‚ΩÚ¬˛º≈VD. g™V_ ƒ›]B›Á>© √u§ Wu√>uÔVÔ ®›>Á™º√Ï, cÈÔ ∑Ô∫ÔÁ·› ]BVÔD ÿƒFB› >BV´VÔ ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD? s] º√´a°ÔÁ· ÂD*m zs¬zD º√Vm, ƒ›]B›][ ºÂÏ©√VÁ>l_ ÷ÚÕm ÂVD ∏≈μÕm s|˛º≈VD. ∂≈D >kÆ˛º≈VD. ÿÂÚ¬ÔΩ WÁÈl[ >uÔVoÔ ƒVÕ]¬ÔVÔ E[™flE[™ ÿ√VFÔÁ·fl ÿƒV_È°D ÂDÁ\ ÂVº\ kuAÆ›]¬ ÿÔV^˛º≈VD. EÆkB]_ ÂVD ÌÆD EÆEÆ ÿ√VFÔ^ Â\¬z kB>V™VKD ÿ√ˆB ÿ√VFÔÁ·fl ÿƒV_È ÂDÁ\ WÏ©√Õ>D ÿƒF˛[≈™. gÔºk ÷·D \VkÏÔ^ E§B s≠B∫Ôπ_ ̶ ÿ√VFÿƒV_KD º√V¬ÁÔ› >sÏ¬Ô ºkı|D. ƒ›]B >Ï\©√VÁ>l_ cÆ]•B¶[ WuÔ© √wÔºkı|D. ƒ›]B›Á>© √u§ Wu√m kVμs_ \˛μflE >ÚD. ÷Æ]l_ ÂD ∑B ÿÔ·´k›Á> cBÏ›mD. kVμ¬ÁÔl_ ®]Ï©A¬ÔÁ· ®]ÏÿÔV^”D >[™D∏¬ÁÔÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| kÚD. ÂD c√W≠>∫Ôπ_ Ì≈©√‚|^·m. ‘‘∞>› Ák xÔº>V[™zD ´V›>D xÔº>V¸\V ∂[™zD ´V›Bº>’’ ä ∂>Vkm sÁ>›>m ®mºkV∂mºk ∂ÆkÁ¶ gzD. ÷›>ÁÔB √ˆØ´ ƒ›]B∫Ô‚z¬ ̶ s]sȬzÔ^ cı|. ∂ÁkºB ƒ›]B›Á> W‘∏¬˛[≈™. sibÁk WÕ>Á™ ÿƒF•D N´ıBÔEA°¬z ∏´«ÈV>[ \Ô™VÔ© ∏≈Õ>V[. >Vl[ ÔÚsºÈºB ∏´«ÈV>[ ÂV´> xMkˆ[ c√º>ƒ∫ÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚¶V[. ÿ>FTÔ¬ z∫Ô^ ∂k–¬z cı¶Vl™. ÂD xMkÏÔ^ √_ÈVl´D gı|Ô‚z x[º√ ̧™VÏÔ^. ÷Ú√›] mig_´VD gı| mk¬Ô›]_ >V[ º\uÔ›Á>B sfiQVMÔ^, ÔÚs_ ÷Ú¬zD zwÕÁ>l[ ∂§°›]≈[, ÛwK¬ºÔu√ ∂¬zwÕÁ> k·Ï>_ g˛BkuÁ≈ ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶™Ï. gÔºk ÔÏ©∏Ë \ÔπÏ Â_È ÿƒVuÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚Ô ºkı|D, gº´V¬˛B\V™, g™Õ>\V™ kVμ¬ÁÔ ÿ§ÔÁ·© ∏[√u≈ ºkı|D. N´ıB ÔEA°¬z© ∏≈Õ> ∏´«ÈV>[ sibs[ √´\√¬>[ g™V[. √´\√VÔk>ÏÔÁ·© √u§© º√∑Dº√Vm ÂVD x>o_ ∏´«ÈV>[ ÿ√BÁ´ºB ÿƒV_˛º≈VD. ∏´«ÈV> ÂV´>, √´Vƒ´, Aı¶‹Ô, sBVƒ, ∂D√Z≠, ∑Ô, ÿƒ·™Ô, s¨≠[, >V_©B, Ú¬\V∫Ô>, ∂Ï…™, kEi¶ s¨≠ ®[Æ º√V˛≈m ∂Õ> kˆÁƒ. zÚÂV´>ˆ[ ÿ√BÏ̶ ∏´«ÈV>[ ÿ√BÚ¬z ∂©A≈D >V[ kÚ˛≈m. (ÿ>V¶ÚD)
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]
z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D \∫ÔVsÁ·, ÔıD∏sÁ·, Â∫Ì´[ ∏ÈVsÁ·, Ô_ÈTˆB[sÁ·, k_Ȭz\V´[sÁ· ÿ√uº≈VÏ Ì‚¶∫ÔÁ· ∂wz≈ ¶›] ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ”¬zD, √VÈÏ√^π¬zD, ºÔÕ]´›]uzD c^· c≈°ÔÁ· kK©√|›]™Ï.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
37
ºÔÕ]´ WÆk™Ï \V. ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ AM> kVμ¬ÁÔ k´ÈVÆ
∞¬ÂV›˜
g∫˛ÈD: Wºk]>V ´zÂV› ∏º¶ >tμ: ÿ√V. >∫Ô∑kVt
]Ú. √VÈVƒVÿ«© º>À´¸ ä ƒÏƒ∫Ô ƒVȬ, ´ViΩZB ¸kBD ºƒk¬ ƒ∫ÔD
÷Õ>fl ƒÕ>Ï©√›]_ ®™¬z ®[–Á¶B cÏflEÔÁ· ÿkπ©√|›mkm tÔ°D ÔΩ™D. ÷Á> ¿∫Ô^ AˆÕm ÿÔV^TÏÔ^. ƒˆBVÔ cÏÕm ÿÔV^TÏÔ^ ®™ ÂV[ ÂDA˛º≈[. ∞¬ÂV›˜ ´V™º¶ ®[–Á¶B √V_B Âı√Ï ®[√m c∫Ôπ_ ŒÚ E È Ú ¬ z › ÿ>ˆÕ]Ú¬ÔÈVD. ÂV ∫ Ô ^ ŒÚkÚ¬ÿÔVÚkÁ´ 1926äoÚÕm ∂§ºkVD. ÔaÕ> 55 gı|Ô·VÔ ÂV∫Ô^ Âı√ÏÔ^ ®[√º> ÷>[ ÿ√VÚ^. WflƒB\VÔ, ÷>uz¬ ÔV´D gÏ.®¸.®¸. cıÁ\l_ ÂV∫Ô^ Œº´ gÏ.®¸.®¸ ˛ Á· ¬ z fl ÿƒ [ Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕº>VD. ÂV∫Ô^ Œº´ Ô ∂_Èm √>¬ä÷[ cÆ©∏™ÏÔ^. ÂV∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÚD Œº´ √^πl_ √l[Æ kÕº>VD. ®™ºk ]™Õº>VÆD ∂kÏ ®∫Ô^ T‚Ωuz kÚkVÏ ∂_Èm ÂV[ ∂kÏ T‚Ωuzfl ÿƒ_ºk[. ®[–Á¶B >VF, >ÕÁ>, ®[–Á¶B ƒºÔV>´ÏÔ^ ∂kÏÔ”Á¶B \Á™sBÏ. ®[–Á¶B ƒºÔV>ˆÔ^ ∂Á™kÚD ∞¬ÂV›˜ÁB Â[z ∂§kÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ EÆkÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬zDº√Vº> ∂>Vkm cBÏWÁÈ© √^π¬zfl ÿƒ_KD x[º√ ∂]Ïi¶kƒ\VÔ gÏ.®¸.®¸ä[ ¸>V√ÔÏ ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVˆ[ ÿ>V¶Ï∏_ kÕº>VD. ∂∫zD ÂV∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÚD ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVˆ[ ÔVÈΩl_ ∂\ÏÕm √V¶∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔuzD kVF©Á√© ÿ√uº≈VD. ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVÏ
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
39
®∫Ô”¬z ∂Ω¬ÔΩ s›]BVƒ\V™ ÿ√VÆ©A¬ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔV|©√m kw¬ÔD. ÂV∫Ô^ ∂kuÁ≈ ®ÀkVÆ ÿƒF˛º≈VD ®[√Á> ÔkM©√VÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ Â_È ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ·VÔ cÚkVÔ, kaÔV‚|kVÏ. ®∫Ô”Á¶B >kÆÔÁ·fl ∑‚Ω¬ÔV‚|kVÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ Â_È \VkÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|ÿ\[Æ ∂kÏ sÚD∏™VÏ. ∞¬ÂV›˜•D ŒÚ tÔ Â_È \VkÏ. ÂV–D ŒÚ Â_È \Vk™VÔ› ]ÔμÕº>[. g™V_ ®∫Ô”Á¶B ÷·Á\©√Úk›]ºÈºB ®∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÁ´•D \uÆD EÈÁ´•D gÏ.®¸.®¸ä÷[ xøºÂ´ ªaBÏÔ·VÔ ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVÏ ∂Á¶BV·t‚| Ák›]ÚÕ>VÏ. ÂV[ ƒ‚¶¬ Ô_slKD, ∞¬ÂV›˜ ®D.∞älKD ÿku§ ÿ√u≈mD ÂV∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÚD ∏´flƒV´¬ÔÏÔ·VÔ gº™VD. ÂV∫Ô^ ÿkÀºk≈V™ \VWÈ∫Ôπ_ √Ë ÿƒFº>VD. ÷Ú©∏–D ÂV∫Ô^ ƒÕ]›m¬ ÿÔV^· ∂Ω¬ÔΩ ƒÕ>Ï©√∫Ô^ ˛Á¶›>™. ®∫Ô”Á¶B ∂º> ÿÂÚ∫˛B ‚A ÿ>V¶ÏÕ>m. ®™ºk ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ ÷B_AÔÁ·, zÂÈ[ÔÁ· xø¬Ô xø¬Ô› ÿ>ˆÕ>kÏÔπ_ ÂV–D ŒÚk[. ∂kÏ ∂§°¬ ÌÏÁ\BV™kÏ \‚|\_È. tÔ°D Ô|Á\BVÔ cÁw©√kÏ ®[√Á> ÂV[ ∂§ºk[. ÂV∫Ô^ ∏´flƒV´¬ √ˬzfl ÿƒ_Ⱥkı|D ®[Æ ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVÏ xΩ° ÿƒF>º√Vm, ÂV∫Ô^ º√flƒVu≈ÁÈ k·Ï›m¬ ÿÔV^k>uÔVÔ ®∫Ô”¬ÔVÔ ŒÚ √‚Ω\[≈›Á> g´D∏›>VÏ. ÂV[ ∞>Vkm ŒÚ ÿ√VÚ^ √u§ º√ƒfl ÿƒ_KDº√Vm x[Ì‚ΩºB >BVÏ ÿƒFk]_ÁÈ. g™V_ ∂kÚÁ¶B s≠Bº\ ºkÆ. ∂kÚÁ¶B º>VwÏÔ^ ∂kÚÁ¶B ÷Õ>fl E≈©A›>[Á\ÁB cÏÕ]Ú¬Ô ºkı|D. ]ÚD√›]ÚD√ ®ømkVÏ. ∏[A \™©√V¶D ÿƒFkVÏ. ÷ÀkVÆ ÂV∫Ô^ Ô_Ÿˆl_ √Ω¬zDº√Vm ∂kÏ º√∑D k_ÈÁ\ÁB k·Ï›m¬ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ÷º>º√V_ ŒÚ xøÁ\BV™ ÿ>Vı¶´VÔ gk>uz >[™V_ xΩÕ>kÁ´ xB[≈VÏ. ŒÚƒ\BD ∂kÏ \›]B √V´› ÿ√VÆ©√V·´VÔ g¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ. ®©º√V>Vkm k∫ÔV·›]uzD ÿƒ_kVÏ. ∂Õ> \VWÈ∫Ôπ_ ®_ÈVD ]≈Á\ kVFÕ> ∏´flƒV´¬ÔVÔ ÿku§ T´´VÔ› ]ÔμÕ>VÏ. ∂kÏ tzÕ> c¶_ koÁ\ kVFÕ> Á>ˆBƒVo ®[√Á> c∫Ôπ_ √ÈÏ ∂§BV\_ ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. Ôi¶∫ÔÁ· tzÕ> Á>ˆB›m¶[ ®]ÏÿÔV^km ∂k´m kw¬ÔD. ŒÚ >¶Ák ƒ∫Ô¸>VM_ ŒÚ √VDÁ√ ∂flƒt[§ ÔVo™V_ t]›m mkDƒD ÿƒF>VÏ. ÷©º√Vm ÂV[ ∞¬ÂV›˜ÁB ®™m √V_B Âı√´VÔ, ®[–Á¶B gÏ.®¸.®¸. º>Vw´VÔ WÁ™° ÌÆDº√Vm √È sk´∫ÔÁ· QV√Ô©√|›]¬ ÿÔV^· xΩ˛≈m. g™V_ ∂kÏ ÷©º√Vm ÂDº\V| ÷_ÁÈ ®[√Á>¬ ÔVbDº√Vm ÷B_√VÔ ÂV[ cÚD ºk>Á™ÁB ¿∫Ô^ AˆÕm ÿÔV^· xΩ•D. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï √VÁ≈ WÁ™kVÈB© √Ë ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√‚¶ º√Vm, ∂m ÿ>V¶Ï√V™ ∏´flEÁ™Ô^ ®øÕ>º√Vm, pzÚ˜ ∞¬ÂV›˜ÁB› >V[ º>ÏÕÿ>|›>VÏ. ∞ÿ™[≈V_ ∂kÏ>V[ WÔμÔVÈ, kÚ∫ÔVÈ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ· ®]ÏÿÔV^·k_È ƒˆBV™ Â√Ï ®[√Á> pzÚ˜
40
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂§Õ]ÚÕ>VÏ. pzÚ˜l[ yÏ©A ƒˆBV™m ®[√Á> ÔVÈD W‘∏›m s‚¶m. p ∞¬ÂV›˜ tÔ¬zÆ˛B ÔVÈ›]uz^ ÂV‚Ω[ tÔ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√VÚÕ]B ¸>V√™∫Ô”^ Œ[Á≈ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ cÚkV¬˛•^·VÏ. ÂV[ WÁ™¬˛º≈[. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï WÁ™kVÈBD ÷Õ>© √VÁ≈l_ WÁÈÿÔVıΩÚ¬zDkÁ´ ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ ÿ√BÁ´•D \≈¬Ô ÷BÈVm. ®Õ> ŒÚ √ËÁBfl ÿƒFm xΩ›>mD ÷mº√VmD ®[Æ ]Ú©]BÁ¶•D ÷B_Á√¬ ÿÔVı¶kÏ ∂_È ∂kÏ. ∂kÏ ®©º√VmD Am¬ ÔÚ›m¬ÔÁ· x[ Ák©√VÏ. ®∫ÔÁ· ∂kÚÁ¶B ÔÚ›m¬z ÷ÁƒB Ák¬zD ƒV\Ï›]BD ∂kˆ¶tÚÕ>m. ∂kÚÁ¶B \™]_ ÷Ú¬zD ]‚¶›]uz, ÿ√VmkVÔ ÂV∫Ô^ ƒD\]¬z\VÆ √VÏ›m¬ ÿÔV^kVÏ. g™V_ ®[™ ÷ÚÕ>VKD ®>uzD mig_Ï ®_ÁÈ cı|. kÚ¶¬Ô¬ÔV™ Ô|Á\BV™ cÁw©A ∂kÚÁ¶B gº´V¬˛B›]uz ªÆ sÁ·s›>m. EÈ kÚ¶∫Ô”¬z x[A ∂kÚ¬z¬ Ô|Á\BV™ ÷´›> ∂ø›> ºÂVF ∞u√‚¶m. ∂]oÚÕm *ı¶mD, ∂kÏ x[Aº√V_ >zÕ> c¶_ÂÈ›m¶[ ÷_ÁÈ. tzÕ> ®flƒˆ¬ÁÔ•¶[ ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D. ∂]Ô ∑uÆ©√BD ̶Vm ®[Æ ®[™V_ ÷B[≈kÁ´ s·¬˛¬ ̧º™[. g™V_ ∂Á>ÿB_ÈVD ∂kÏ ºÔ‚Ô© º√Vk]_ÁÈ. ∂m ∂kÚÁ¶B ÷B_A ∂_È. ∂kÏ ∂ºÂÔ\VÔ, √ËBVu§¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zDº√Vm ÷≈Õm º√VÔ sÚD∏™VÏ º√VKD. ∂kÏ ∂kÚÁ¶B ∑uÆ©√B›Á> 18äD º>] xΩ›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ∑uÆ© √B›]oÚÕm ]ÚD∏ kÕ> ŒÚ kV´›]uz^ ÷Õ> cÈÔ›Á> s‚|fl ÿƒ[Æ s‚¶VÏ. ∂kÏ ÂDº\V| ÷_ÁÈ. g™V_ ∂kÏ ŒÚ ∏´D\Vı¶\V™ √ËÁB› ÿ>V¶∫˛•^·VÏ. ÂVD ®]ÏÿÔV^· ºkıΩB ∏´flEÁ™Ô^ √È c^·™. ®]ÏÔVÈ›]_ º\KD ∏´flEÁ™Ô^ k´ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. g™V_ ∂kÏ ŒÚ zøÁk› º>ÏÕÿ>|›m^·VÏ. ∂kº´V| √Ë ÿƒFm^· ÷Õ>¬zø ∂kÏ √ËBVu§B √V∫ÁÔ, ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ·› yÏ›m Ák›> \VıÁ√© √VÏ›m^·m ®[Æ ÂV[ WÁ™¬˛º≈[. ®™ºk ÷Õ>¬zø ∂º> ∂Ï©√ √Vk›m¶–D, √¬]•¶–D, √ËBVuÆD. ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ ÷w©∏™V_ √Ë √V]©√Á¶BVm ®[Æ ÂV[ WflƒB\VÔ ÂDA˛º≈[. ∂mºk ŒÚ cıÁ\BV™ ÔÚ\ºBV˛¬zfl ÿƒFB©√|D tÔflƒˆBV™ \ˆBVÁ>. ®[–Á¶B kVμÂV^ Âı√Ï. gÏ.®¸.®¸.ä÷_ ®™m º>VwÏ, ÂV‚Ωuz tÔtÔ› º>ÁkBV™ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]_ √ËBVu§ kÕ> ∂kÏ ÷©º√Vm ÂDÁ\s‚|fl ÿƒ[Æ s‚¶VÏ. ∂kÏ ÷≈©A sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]uz \‚|D ÷w©A ∂_È. Œ‚| ÿ\V›> ÂV‚Ωuzº\ ÷w©A. ®ÀkV≈Vl–D, ÂVD >V∫˛¬ ÿÔV^·›>V[ ºkı|D. ®]ÏÔVÈ›Á> cuƺÂV¬Ô ºkı|D. ∂kÚÁ¶B √ËÁB› ÿ>V¶ÏÕ]¶ Â\m xø›]≈Á\ÁB•D ∂º> c›ºkÔ›m¶[ ~|√|›> ºkı|D. gÏ.®¸.®¸. ƒVÏ√VÔ°D, ®[–Á¶B ƒVÏ√VÔ°D ∂kÚÁ¶B ∏ˆÕ> g[\Vsuz ÂV[ ∂fiƒo ÿƒK›m˛º≈[.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
41
]Ú.∂. √VÈ˛Úi[, ÿ√Vmfl ÿƒBÈV·Ï, sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]uz ÷m ŒÚ m¬ÔÔ´\V™ ÂV^. Â\m ¸>V√™›Á> cÚkV¬˛B p ∞¬ÂV›˜ ´V™º¶ Âu√ıAÔ^ WÁ≈Õ> \V\M>Ï. zwÕÁ>© √Úk›]oÚÕº> AÔø¶[ s·∫˛BkÏ. ÷·Á\© √Úk›]oÚÕº> ÷Õm¬Ôπ[ ÂÈ–¬ÔVÔ cÁw›>kÏ. ®_ÈV¬ Ôi¶∫ÔÁ·•D ∂fiƒV ÿÂfiƒ›m¶[ ®]ÏÿÔVı¶kÏ. ®_ÈV› >Á¶ÔÁ·•D >Vı¶ º>ÁkBV™ \™ cÆ] ÿÔVı¶kÏ. Ø´›mkD WÁ≈Õ> \M>Ï. ÷[Æ ÂVD ÔVbD sºkÔV™Õ>Ï WÁ™kVÈB›Á>¬ Ô‚ΩBkÏ. ÂDÁ\ÿB_ÈVD ∂·°Ô¶Õ> ∂[√V_ g‚ÿÔVı¶kÏ. ÂD ŒÀÿkVÚkÁ´•D ÿ>V¶ÏÕm kÕm kV]›m ka©√|›mD k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u≈kÏ ÷©º√Vm ÂDtÁ¶ºB ÷_ÁÈ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï Ì§™VÏ. ‘‘ÂV[ ÷∫ºÔ c^· º√Vm c∫Ôº·V| √ËBVuƺk[. ÂV[ ÷_ÈV>º√Vm ®[–Á¶B g[\V c∫Ô^ JÈ\VÔ √ËBVuÆD.’’ cıÁ\l_ ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ÚÁ¶B g[\V ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ JÈ\VÔ© √ËBVu§•^·m. g™V_ ∂kÚÁ¶B g[\V ÷Õ> k·VÔD xøkÁ>•D ÿ>V¶ÏÕm sBV∏›mkÚD. √VÁ≈ WÁ™kVÈB›]_ c^· ŒÀÿkVÚ ÿƒ∫Ô_KD, ÷Õ> k·VÔ›]–^ c^· ŒÀÿkVÚ \´xD, ÷Õ> k·VÔ›]–^ c^· ŒÀÿkVÚ mı|¬ ÔuÔ”D, ÷Õ> k·VÔ›][ ŒÀÿkVÚ ÷fifl ÷¶xD ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ g[\VÁk© ∏´]√o¬zD. ∞¬ÂV›˜¬z ÂVD ÿƒFB¬ÌΩB º\[Á\BV™ ∂fiƒo EÈ kVÏ›Á>ÔÁ·¬ ÌÆk>V_ ∂_È. g™V_ ∂kÏ ®Õ> È‚EB›Á> ∂Á¶Õ]¶© √V|√‚¶Vº´V ∂>uÔVÔ© √ËAˆkm, \M> ƒJÔ›]uz› ÿ>Vı| ÿƒFkm. ÷Õm¬Ôπ[ ÂÈ–¬ÔVÔ, ÷Õm \¬Ô”¬ÔVÔ cÁw©√m ä ÷ÁkºB ∂kÚÁ¶B g[\V ƒVÕ]BÁ¶•D ÿ√VÚ‚| ÂVD ÿ>V¶ÏÕm ÿƒFm k´ ºkıΩBÁk. ®™ºk sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›][ x›]Á´ÁB› >V∫˛© √ËAˆ•D ÂVD ŒÀÿkVÚkÚD ∂kÏ º√V´VΩB>[ ºÂV¬Ô\V™ kVμs[ ∂Ω\‚¶›]_ ÷Ú¬zD ÂV| xøkmD c^· Â\m ƒºÔV>´ÏÔπ[ c[™]¬ÔVÔ xø c›ºkÔ›m¶[ ƒÁ·¬ÔVm √V|√¶ ºkı|D. ∂m\‚|º\ ∂kÚÁ¶B ∏ˆÕ> g[\Vsuz ∂Á\]ÁB•D, gÆ>ÁÈ•D ∂π¬zD.
ÿ√‚Ωfl ÿƒF] p ∞¬ÂV›˜ ®[≈ ÷Õ> kVμ¬ÁÔ k´ÈVuÆ ±_ A›>Ô kΩs_ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´© ∏´ÔVƒ[ Ω´¸‚, 5, E∫Ô´VflƒVˆ ÿ>Ú, ÿƒ[Á™ ä 600 005 ®[≈ xÔkˆl_ ÿkπl¶©√‚|^·m. sÁÈ ‘. 70/42
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂ÁÈ•D m≈s
gÏ.E. >Vb
®D\V ÔV_ºk
\M>ÏÔ‚z \˛μflEÁB \‚Ω[§ kVˆ kw∫˛BkÏ cıÁ\l_ ºƒVÔ›][ ∑Á\ >V∫˛. ÿÂÚ∫˛ kV‚ΩB ´DA› >·ÏflE ÿÂÚ∫Ô¬ ̶V> ÿ§Bu≈ kVμ° ∏F›m© º√V‚¶ ∏ΩkV> zD J[ƺ\ x¶∫˛B kVμs[ x›>VF©A¬Ô^. g>ˆ›> ∂[A \ÔÁ·•D ∂√Vı¶ s]l[ ∂ºÔV´© √E¬z ∂™VÁ> g¬˛s‚| g™VF. ƒD√k∫Ô·V_ ƒflƒ´°¬z^·V™k^ ƒ|]l_ ƒÚÔV˛© º√V™V^. kV‚ΩB kVμ¬ÁÔ kVw© ∏Ω¬ÔVm ÔVÈM[ ÔVoÁ™ Ô‚Ω© ∏Ω¬Ô ∞ˆ¬ÔÁ´l_ ∞ÆkV^! ÷≈∫zkV^! ÷´ıΩKD ÷Æ]l_ º>V_s >V[! >uÿÔVÁÈ xBuE >k§© º√V™m! >^π© º√V™m! t[™ÿÈV[Æ t[MBm. gD! Ô ºÂ´›]_ ÔVÕ> ƒ¬]BV_ Ôk´© √‚¶V^! WÁ™›m kÕ>Á> ÿ>VÁÈ›m s‚| WÁÈ¬Ô ºkıΩBÁ> ∂Áw¬Ô kÕ>V^! ∂kȬ z´_ÔÁ·ºB ∂]ÔD ∂§Õ>k^ x>[ x>ÈVF ∂tμ]M–D ÷MB ∂ÕWB¬ z´ÁÈ ∂Ú˛M_ ºÔ‚¶V^. z´_ kÕ> ]Áƒl_ z#ÔÈ\VFfl ÿƒ[≈k^ zkV[ ̧B z§©∏Á™¬ ºÔ‚| zD∏‚| W[≈V^. g∫z ∂kÏ Ì§B gÆ>_ kVÏ›Á>Ô^ ∂√B\π›>™. ‘‘∂Á\]BVF ÷Ú ∂kƒ´©√‚|› >›>π¬ÔVº>’’ >V[ ÷[–D >´V>´D ∂§BV ŒÚkÏ >[Á™ >[MKD º\ÈVF >™¬ÿÔ™ >M›mk©√|›]Bm ®∫Ù™D? ºÔ^sÔ^ ºÔ‚Ô©√¶V\ºÈ \™D ºÔ^s¬z§BV™m! ∞[?
44
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á>
º√´VEˆÁB ]Ú\]. gÏ. ÂVÔD ∑©∏´\ËBD
ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á>l[ Ô_s©√Ë
÷Õ]BVs[ ÔÈVflƒV´› ÿ>V[Á\ÁB•D, º\[Á\ÁB•D ∂§Õm º√Vu§B Wºk]Á> ÷Õ]BVs_ >™m ƒJÔ© √ËÁB› ÿ>V¶∫Ô x>_ x¬˛B›mk >·\VÔ¬ Ô_s› >·›Á>› º>Ï° ÿƒF>VÏ. Wºk]Á> ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈› ÿ>V¶∫˛B ÔVÈD; ÷Õ]B ∂´EBo_ AB_TE¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> ÔVÈD; ÷Úı¶ º\ÔD ÛμÕ> ƒJÔ©, ÿ√VÚ·V>V´ WÁÈÁ\Ô^ WÈsB ÔVÈD ÷flÛwo_ g[*Ô \Æ\ÈÏflEºBV| ÌΩB º>ÊB sa©AÏ°D, ∂Àsa©º√V| ÷Áƒ°Á¶B ƒJÔ© ÿ√VÚ·V>V´ x[º™u≈xD ÷Õ]BVs_ ∞u√¶ x>_ º>Ák Ô_sB§° ®[≈ c Æ ] B V ™ ÂD∏¬ÁÔºBV| >\m Ô_s© √ Ë Á B › ÿ>V¶∫˛™VÏ Wºk]Á>. Ô_s© √Ël_ ∞uÿÔ™ºk ∂–√kD ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ. ‘«Vo ‡√V¬¸’ Ô_Ÿˆl_ >™m Ô_s WÁ≈°u≈ ∏[ ÿ√ıÔ^ √^πÔ^ √Èku§_ ∂kÏ √ËBVu§ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. 1892äD gı| >™m 25äkm kB]_ sD∏^¶[ ÂÔˆ_ >Vº™ ŒÚ √^πÁB WÆs™VÏ. Ô_s› ÿ>VıΩ_ ∂§°fl ÿƒ§ºkV| ÌΩB ∂Ï©√Ë©A cÏ°, Ô_s› ÿ>Vı| ∂–√k›>V_ ÿƒøÁ\•u§ÚÕ>m. ∑kVt sºÔV™Õ>Ï >™m ÂV‚Ω_ ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈ z§©√VÔ› >™m ÂV‚|© ÿ√ıÔ”¬z¬ Ô_s› ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈› º>ÁkBV™ ]≈Á\ÔÁ·•D, >z]ÔÁ·•D, ]≈Á\ÔÁ·•D Wºk]Á>l¶D ÷™D Ôı| ∂Á> ∂kˆ¶D ÿ>ˆs›> ÿ√Vøm >V[ √ËAˆB ºkıΩB >·›Á> ∂kÏ nB\≈› ÿ>ˆÕm ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ÿ√ıÔπ[ x[º™u≈D ÷[§, ÷Õ]B© √V´D√ˆB›][ ®øflE•D, \Æ\ÈÏflE•D ƒV›]Bt_ÁÈ ®[√m ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[
46
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
cÆ]BV™ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ. ∑kVtl[ ÷Õ> ÂD∏¬ÁÔºBV| c¶[√‚¶ Wºk]Á>¬zD ®›>ÁÔB Ô_s BVÚ¬z, ®ÀkVÆ ∂π¬Ô©√¶ ºkı|D ®[≈ ÿ>π° ÷ÚÕ>m. 1898ä_ ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> x>[xÁ≈BVÔ¬ Ôs ÷´TÕ]´ ÂV> >VÌÁ´fl ƒÕ]›>VÏ. ∂flƒÕ]©∏[ ÿ√Vøm Ôs >VÌÏ Wºk]Á>l¶D >D \Ô”¬z¬ Ô_s ∂π¬zD ÿ√VÆ©Á√ ∞uƬ ÿÔV^”\VÆ ºkıΩ™VÏ. ̶ºk >™m \Ô”¬z g∫˛ºÈBfl EÆtÔ”¬z ∂π¬Ô©√|km º√V[≈ Ô_s ∂π¬Ô©√¶ºkı|D ®[ÆD ºkıΩ™VÏ. g™V_ ƒºÔV>ˆ ÷¬ÔÚ›Á> ∞uÔs_ÁÈ. ∞ÿ™M_ ‘‘zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z ∂kÏÔ·m >VFÂV‚Ω[ ÷È‚EB∫Ôº·V| ÷Áƒ°uÆ kVw sÚDAD >[Á\ÁB ∞u√|›mD Ô_sºB ∂π¬Ô©√¶ºkı|D, ∂ÕWB ÂV|Ôπ[ ÷È‚EB∫ÔÁ·•D, kVμsB_ >´ ∂·°ºÔV_ÔÁ·•D zwÕÁ>Ô^ *m ]ˬԬ̶Vm’’ ®[√m Wºk]Á>l[ ÔÚ›m. ÷¬ÔÚ›]Á™© √V´V‚Ω ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ Ôs >VÌÏ. ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶º>V| \‚|\_ÈVm, Wºk]Á>l[ ÷È‚EB∫Ô”¬z ∞u√ ŒÚ √^πÁB WÆk› >™m T‚Á¶› >´› >BV´VF ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. g™V_ ∂flƒ\BD ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> ºkÆ EÈ √ËÔπ_ ~|√¶ ºkıΩB Ô‚¶VBD ÷ÚÕ>>V_ Ôs >V̈[ sÚ©√›Á> ∞uzD WÁÈl_ ÷_ÁÈ. ∏[™Ï ∂º> gı| y√Vkπ› ]ÚÂV·[Æ (ÂkD√Ï ä 12) ∂[Á™ ƒV´>V º>sl[ gE•¶[ ŒÚ √^πÁB› ÿ>V¶∫˛™VÏ. Ô_Ô›>Vs[ k¶√z]l_ √V¬√¤Vˆ_ º√V¸√V´V¬ ƒÕ]_ ŒÚ kV¶ÁÔ T‚Ω_ ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√‚¶m ÷Õ> ®πB √^π. ºÂV•u≈ ŒÚ EÈ zwÕÁ>Ôº·V| º\uÿÔV^·©√‚¶ ÷Õ> ®πB xBuE ÿ√ˆB ƒkV_Ôº·V| ÿ>V¶∫˛Bm. ÔVi*Ï \[™Ï ∂π›> Â[ÿÔVÁ¶BV˛B ÿkÆD ®ıIÆ ‘√VF ÁÔlÚ©º√V| ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√‚¶m ÷©√^π. Ô_s© √Ël_ ~|√‚ΩÚÕ> Wºk]Á> >V[ J[Æ ÿ√ÚD ƒkV_ÔÁ·fl ƒÕ]¬Ô ºkıΩlÚÕ>Á>¬ z§©∏‚|^·VÏ. x>_ ƒkV_ º√V]B W] ]´‚|>_. ÷´ı¶Vkm ƒkV_, \Vu≈›]Á™ sÚD√V© √wÁ\kV]ÔÁ· ®]ˆ¶_. J[≈Vkm ƒkV_ Wºk]Á>l[ ØÏTÔ º>EBD ÔV´\VÔ ∂kÏ*m, ∂kÁ´© AˆBV>kÏÔ^ ÿÔVı¶ ƒÕº>ÔD. x>_ ƒkVÈV˛B W] ]´‚|>ÁÈ ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> \™D >·´Vm >[™D∏¬ÁÔºBV| ƒ\Vπ›>VÏ. Wºk]Á>l[ >[™È\u≈ ÿ>VıΩ[ E≈©Á√ Â[z AˆÕ> Âı√ÏÔπ[ Â[ÿÔVÁ¶•D ∂k´m ®ø›m¬Ô”D, ÿƒVuÿ√Va°Ô”º\ ∂k´m W] g>V´∫Ô^. ]Ú. \V¬oºBV‚ ®[≈ ∂k´m º>Va¬z ∂kÏ ®ø]B ŒÚ ÔΩ>›]_ W]© √u≈V¬zÁ≈ \‚|D ÷_ÈV]ÚÕ>V_ >[™V_ ÷[–D º√´·s_ ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈ xΩ•D ®™¬ ̧•^·VÏ. gıÿ¶V[Ƭz 1000 ¶VÈÏ >[ ®ø›m© √ËJÈD ˛Á¶›>V_ Â_Èm ®[≈ >[ sÚ©√›Á>› ÿ>ˆs›m^·VÏ. ∂º> º>Va¬z
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
47
>V[ ®ø]B ºkÿ≈VÚ ÔΩ>›]_ ‘Â\¬z¬ ˛Á¶¬Ô ºkıΩB W] Â\m xBuEl[§ºB kÕm ºƒÚD’ ®[Æ ÔV›]Ú¬zD ÷B_A ®[–Á¶B>[Æ, sºkÔV™Õ>V \VkÏ s|]ÁB› ÿ>V¶ÏÕm ¶›>› º>ÁkBV™ W]ÁB› ]´‚¶ ÂV[ ÿƒ_kÕ>ÏÔÁ· ÂVΩ© ∏flÁƒ ∞uÔ© º√V˛º≈[ ®™¬ z§©∏‚|^·VÏ. ÷Õ]BVs[ *m Wºk]Á> ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> ∂[AD, >[ zÚs[ *m ∂kÏ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> √¬]•D ®Õ>› >Á¶ÔÁ·•D ®]ÏÿÔV^”D gu≈ÁÈ ∂kÚ¬z› >Õ]ÚÕ>™. gÔºk \Vu≈›Á> ®π]_ ∞uƬ ÿÔV^·V> √wÁ\kV> T|ÔπoÚÕmD ∂k´V_ ÿ√ıÔÁ· ÿkπºB k´flÿƒFm ∂kÏÔ”¬z¬ Ô_s©√Ë gu≈ xΩÕ>m. ∂k´m ®πÁ\•D, º>ƒ √¬]•D ∂kÏ *m ®_ºÈVÚ¬zD ÂD∏¬ÁÔ•D, \]©AD ∞u√|›]™. 1898ä_ ∂kÏ ÿ>V¶∫˛B ∂Õ> ®πB √^πÁB ÷Á¶l_ E§mÔVÈD Ô_s©√Ë >Á¶©√‚¶VKD ∂kÏ >[ kVμÂV^ xøkmD º√ˬ ÔV›>VÏ. ∂©√^π ÷[Æ ‘÷È‚EB ÷Õ]B© ÿ√ıÁ\© √ıAÔ”¬zfl EÁ>s_ÈV, g[*Ô cÏ°Ô^ z[≈V© √ı√V‚| cÚkV¬Ô›]uz x¬˛B›mkD ∂π¬zD ŒÚ x[\V]ˆ© ÿ√ıÔ^ √^πBVÔ k·ÏÕm Wu˛≈m. Wºk]Á>l[ √^π ®›>Á™ºBV √^πÔº·V| ÷m°D Œ[Æ’ ®™¬ ÔV©√‚¶ √^π ∂[Æ. ∂k´m √^π √È >M›>[Á\ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>m. Wºk]Á> g´D∏›> √^πl_ º>ÊBD ko•Æ›>©√‚¶m. >™m \VsÔπ¶D ‘∂kÏÔ^ x>o_ ÷Õ]BÏÔ^, √V´> kÏ≠›][ x[™Ë \¬Ô^’ ®[≈ cÏÁk ®ø©√k_È Ô_sÁB Wºk]Á>l[ √^π ∂π›>m. ÷À°ÏÁk ®ø©√ Wºk]Á> √È ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ xBuEÔÁ· º\uÿÔVı¶VÏ. 1905ä_ k∫ÔV·D ÷´ı¶VÔ© ∏ˆ¬Ô©√‚¶>[ ∏[™Ï WÔμÕ> ∑º>E ÷B¬Ô›][ ÿ√Vøm, ©´„\ ƒ\V¤D gflƒVÏB ©´‡A_È ƒÕ]´ T]l_ ¶›]B ŒÚ ÿ√ıÔ^ √^πl[ ∂ÚºÔ c^· Ø∫ÔVs_ √È º>ƒ› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ cÏflEt¬Ô ÿƒVuÿ√Va°Ô^ gu§™Ï. ÷flÿƒVuÿ√Va°ÔÁ·fl ÿƒs•≈ Wºk]Á> >[ \VsÔÁ· ∂Áw›mfl ÿƒ_kVÏ. >™m \VsÔ”¬z ®ıbD, ®ø›mD \‚|t[§¬ ÁÔ›ÿ>Va_Ô”D ÔuƬ ÿÔV|›> ∂kÏ, ∂kÏÔ·m ÁÔsÁ™© ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ· 1906äD gı| Ô_Ô›>Vs_ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈ ÷Õ]B º>EB ÔV∫˛´¸ \VÂV‚Ω_ ÷¶D ÿ√u§ÚÕ> ∑º>E© ÿ√VÚ‚ÔV‚E¬z ∂–©∏ Ák›>VÏ. ‘kÕº> \V>´D ÷Áƒ©√m ∂´ƒV_ >Á¶ÿƒFB©√‚ΩÚÕ> º√VmD, kÕº> \V>´D’ >™m √^πl_ ∂[≈V¶© ∏´VÏ›>Á™l[ º√Vm >[ \VsBÁ´ kÕº> \V>´D ÷Áƒ¬Ôfl ÿƒF>VÏ. º>ÊB cÏ°D, ÷Õ]B¬ ÔÈVflƒV´›][ º\[Á\ √u§B ÿ√Út>xD \VsÔ”¬z ª‚¶©√‚¶m. ‘‘cÈÔ¬ ÔÈVflƒV´∫Ô”¬z^º·, tÔ cBÏÕ> ÔÈVflƒV´D √V´>¬ ÔÈVflƒV´D. ÷Õ>© ÿ√ÚÁ\t¬Ô ÔÈVflƒV´›][ kVˆ∑Ô^ ¿∫Ô^ ®[√Á> ŒÚ ÿ√VømD
48
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
\≈¬Ô ºkı¶VD. ÔVϬ˛•D, Á\›º´l•D, ÊÁ>•D, ƒVs›]ˆ•D, ‹ÈVk]•D º>V[§B ÂV‚Ω_ ¿∫Ô^ ∏≈Õ]Ú©√m ŒÚ ÿ√≈uÔˆB º√Æ, gÔºk ÷Àk·° E≈©AÁ¶B ÔÈVflƒV´›][ kVˆ∑Ô·V˛B c∫Ô·m >VÏ*Ô, g[*Ô¬ Ô¶Á\ ÷¬ÔÈVflƒV´›Á> \∫Ôs¶V\_, º\KD Œπ´fl ÿƒFkm’’ ®[Æ ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> >[ \VsÔ”¬z mig_BVm ®|›mÁ´©√VÏ. ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> ∂π›> Ô_s \VsÔπ¶D º>ÊB cÏÁk k·Ï›>m. ÁÔsÁ™ gu≈_ÔÁ· k·Ï›>m. g[*Ô QV™›Á> k·Ï›>m. ∂§sB_ ∂§Ák•D, ÂV‚¶›Á>•D k·Ï›>m. WÏkVÔ gu≈ÁÈ k·Ï›>m. ÷kuÁ≈ÿB_ÈVD ŒÚºƒ´ k·Ï›> ∂k´m Ô_s› ÿ>VıΩ[ >MflE≈©A, ÷©√ıAÔ”D, gu≈_Ô”D Œ[ƬÿÔV[Æ x´ı√¶V kÁÔl_ ÷Áƒ°¶[ k·Ï¬Ô©√‚¶™. 1903äD gı| ∂[Á≈B ∂´∑ ŒÚ Ô_s gÁ ∏≈©∏›>m. ∂>[√Ω ®_ÈV g´D√© √^πÔπKD Ô‚¶VB\VÔ ‘˛ı¶Ï ÔV϶[’ Ô_sxÁ≈ºB ∏[√u≈©√¶ ºkı|D. ÷m√u§ ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>V Wºk]Á>¬z ®ø]B ÔΩ>›]uz Wºk]Á> ∂–©∏B √]_ ÔΩ>D Ô_s AÔ‚|k]_ Wºk]Á> ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> gμÕ> ∂§Ák•D, cÆ]BV™ ÂD∏¬ÁÔÁB•D ÿkπ©√|›m˛≈m. ∂´E[ Ô_s gÁ gEˆBÏÔ^ \›]l_ ∞u√|›]B nB∫ÔÁ·•D, ∂flƒ∫ÔÁ·•D º√V¬zD kÁÔl_ Wºk]Á> ®ø]B √]o_, ∂´∑ gÁ ko•Æ›mD ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ÔÁ· º\uÿÔV^km ÷Õ]B ∂§° O‚√›]uzD, ]≈Á\¬zD ƒV›]B\_ÈV> ÔVˆBD ∂_È ®[Æ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ÿ>ˆs›>VÏ. ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈¬Ô_sÁB© √u§B ∂§°D, ÂÁ¶xÁ≈©√|›>› º>ÁkBV™ ÿƒB_]≈Á™•D gEˆBÏÔ^ ÿ√≈› º>ÁkBV™ √luE ∂π©√>uzD c¶º™ >BV´V™VÏ. 19äD ±u≈VıΩ_ ∑s‚ƒÏÈVÕ]_ kVμÕ>kÏ ÿ√¸¶ºÈVL ®[–D ∂§QÏ. \M>ÏÔπ¶D ∂·ku≈ ∂[AD, m≈° \™©√V∫zD ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> ∂Õ> ∂§QÏ, ‘\M>[, \M>–¬z gu≈k_È ∂ÚÕÿ>Vı| Ô_s ∂π›>ºÈ’ ®[≈ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ. \¬Ôπ¶D ÿ>πÕ> EÕ>Á™› ]≈[ ÷_ÈVÁ\¬z¬ ÔV´D ∂kÏÔπ¶D ÿ>πÕ> ∂§s[Á\. ÿ>πÕ> ∂§°¬z g>V´,D ∂O√kD ®[√m ÿ√¸¶ºÈVLl[ ÔÚ›m. ∂O√k›Á> AÈ[, \™ ka cÏÕ>§>_ JȺ\ ÿ√≈ xΩ•D ®[√m ∂k´m ÂD∏¬ÁÔ. ÷ÀkÁÔ cÏÕ>§>_ JÈD ∂§° ÿ√Æk]_ J[Æ WÁÈÔ^ c^·™ ®™ s·¬˛™VÏ ∂kÏ. ∂kÏ s·¬˛B ÷DJ[Æ WÁÈÔ^ ˇμkÚk™. 1) cÏ>_, 2) ®ıD ∂_Èm EÕ>Á™ º>Vu≈D, 3) ÿkπ©√V|. ÿ√¸¶ºÈVLl[ ÔÚ›m¬Ô^ \¬ÔπÁ¶ºB ∂]Ô ÿƒ_kV¬z© ÿ√≈s_ÁÈ. >\m xmÁ\¬ÔVÈ›]_ \™D >·Ï°u≈ WÁÈl_ ∂kÏ ÷ÚÕ>ÿ√Vøm ∂kÚ¬z¬ ˛Á¶›> ʶº´ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈¬Ô_sÁB cÚkV¬˛B ‡©ÿ´¶ˆ¬ ‡©º´Vÿ√_. ÿ√¸¶ºÈVLl[ Ô_s¬
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
49
ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ·› ÿ>πkVÔ© AˆÕ> ‡©º´Vÿ√_. ‘\M>–¬zˆB Ô_s’ ä ®[≈ ±ÁÈ ®ø]™VÏ. ∂§°, \™][ ƒ¬]BVÔ cÚ\VÆD ÿ√Vøº> √B–Á¶B>V˛≈m. ®ıÁ•D, ®ø›Á>•D zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z ∂§s›>_ \‚|º\ Ô_s ∂[Æ, ∂§° zwÕÁ>l[ \™ gu≈ÈVÔ k·ÏflE ÿ√≈© ÿ√≈¬ zwÕÁ>l¶D ∞u√|D k·ÏflEÁB•D, x[º™u≈›Á>•D >D z§¬ºÔV·VÔ¬ ÿÔVı| gEˆBÏÔ^ Ô_s Ôu∏›>_ ºkı|D ®[√m ‡©º´Vÿ√_ ∂kÏÔ·m ÔÚ›m. zwÕÁ>Ô”D, EÆkÏÔ”D sÁ·BV|D xÁ≈ÔÁ· cuƺÂV¬˛ g´VFÕm ∂kÏ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB cÚkV¬˛™VÏ. ‘EÆkÏÔπ[ º>V‚¶D’ ®™© ÿ√VÚ^√|D ÷¬Ô_s xÁ≈l_ gEˆBº´ º>V‚¶¬ÔV´Ï. ŒÀÿkVÚ zwÕÁ>•D ŒÚ ÿƒΩ. zwÕÁ>Ôπ[ ]≈Á\ÁB© √Ω©√ΩBVÔ k·Ï¬zD ∞ø √ΩWÁÈÔÁ· kÁ´BÆ›m ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD k·Ï¬Ô©√|D gu≈_ÔÁ·•D, gu≈_ k·Ï©A xÁ≈ÔÁ·•D ®|›mÁ´›m^·VÏ, ‡©º´Vÿ√_. ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD zwÕÁ>¬z gu≈_ k·ÏflE ∂π¬Ô©√|k>uz› º>ÁkBV™ ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·•D ∂[√π©A ®[≈ ÿ√B´VºÈºB z§©∏|˛≈VÏ ‡©º´Vÿ√_. x>_ ∂[√π©A WÁÈl_ ∂m ÿkÀºkÆ kı© √ÕmÔÁ·¬ zwÕÁ>Ôπ¶D ÿÔV|›m ∂©√ÕmÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| zwÕÁ>Ô^ sÁ·BV|D ÿ√Vøm ∂kÏÔπ¶D k·ÚD gu≈_ÔÁ· k·Ï¬zD xBuE º\uÿÔV^·©√|˛≈m. ÷Dx>_ WÁÈl_ zwÕÁ>Ô^ √ÕÁ>ºB ®oBVÔ, √_ºkÆ ÿ√VDÁ\Ô·VÔ, sÈ∫zÔ·VÔ¬ Ôu√Á™ ÿƒFm ÿÔVı| sÁ·BV¶› ÿ>V¶∫z˛[≈™Ï. gEˆBÏ ÷Õ>¬ Ôu√Á™ sÁ·BV‚|¬ÔÁ· ª¬zs¬˛≈VÏ. ÷ÀsÁ·BV‚|¬Ô^ JÈD Œø∫zD, Ô‚|©√V|D, ŒuÆÁ\ cÏ°D, Ì‚|≈° cÏ°D zwÕÁ>Ôπ¶D ÷B_√VÔºk ®Às>¬ Ô‚¶VB ko•Æ›>_Ô”D ÷[§ k·Ï˛[≈™. ÷©√ΩºB ŒÀÿkVÚ √Ω WÁÈlKD ®‚| Ô™ ƒm´ kΩk∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|D, √Õm, √‚¶D º√V[≈kuÁ≈¬ ÿÔVı|D kΩkÁ\¬zD ]≈[, Ô‚|\V™› ]≈[, kıD y‚|D ]≈[, ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ· ®ıË ∂§•D ]≈[, ]ÁƒÔÁ· ∂§•D ]≈[, √¶∫Ô^ kÁ´•D ]≈[ \VÆ√‚¶ cÚk∫ÔÁ·¬ Ôı¶§•D ]≈[ ®™© √[xÔ› ]≈Á\Ô^ k·Ï¬Ô©√|˛[≈™. º\uÔı¶ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈ÁB ∂§ÕmÏÕm √V´V‚Ω ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶ Wºk]Á> >VD ÷Õ]BV *m ÿÔVı¶ √¬]•¶[ ÔÈÕ> √u§™VKD, ÷Õ]Bfl Ûw_, kVμ¬ÁÔ xÁ≈Ô^ √u§ ∂kÚ¬˛ÚÕ> ÿ>πÕ> ∂§° ÔV´\VÔ°D ‡©º´Vÿ√_ cÚkV¬˛B ˛ı¶Ï ÔV϶[ xÁ≈ÁB ÷Õ]B¬ zwÕÁ>Ôπ[ Ô_s¬z© √B[√|›> kaxÁ≈ÔÁ·fl EÕ]›mfl ÿƒB_√|›]™VÏ.
50
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ú¬z ∂kÏ ®ø]B √]_ ÔΩ>›]_ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB¬ Ô‚¶VB©√|›mD ∂´ƒVÁ √u§B nB∫ÔÁ·•D, ∂flƒ∫ÔÁ·•D º√V¬˛ ∂Á> ∞uƬ ÿÔV^km √u§¬ z§©∏‚ΩÚÕ>VKD ∂´ƒVÁl[ zÁ≈ÁB•D ∑‚Ω¬ ÔV‚Ω•^·VÏ. ∂´ƒVÁl[ ÿ√VmkV™ √ˆÕmÁ´Ô^ ÷Õ]Bfl Ûw_ÔÁ·© AˆÕm ÿÔVı¶ ∂§Ák ÿkπ©√|›>VÁ\ÁB ®|›m¬Ì§•^· Wºk]Á> ÷Õ]B¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z ∞u√ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_sxÁ≈l[ ∂Ω©√Á¶¬ ÿÔV^ÁÔÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı¶ zwÕÁ>¬ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁBfl ÿƒBu√|›> xΩ•D ®™© √È ºBVƒÁ™ÔÁ·¬ ̧•^·VÏ. ∂mº√VÈ ‡©º´Vÿ√_o[ xÁ≈lKD c^· EÆ ÷Õ]Bfl ÛwK¬z ŒÀkV> EÆ zÁ≈ÔÁ·•D ∑‚Ω¬ ÔV‚Ω•^·VÏ. Ô_sfl EÕ>Á™BV·Ï ÿ√¸¶ºÈVL ̧B E≈Õ> ÔÚ›>V™ zwÕÁ> k·ÚD ÿ√Vøm >™m ÿƒVÕ> ÷™ ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ÔÁ·ºB ∏[√uÆ˛≈m ®[√Á> ∞uƬ Ô_s AÔ‚¶_ ƒV>™∫ÔÁ· ®©√Ω ÷Õ]B \ıË_ ÷ÚÕm ®π>VÔ› º>Ï° ÿƒFBÈVD ®™ kaxÁ≈Ô^ ̧•^·VÏ. ‡©º´Vÿ√_ cÚkV¬˛B ∞ø √ΩWÁȬ Ô_s xÁ≈l_ ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD º>Ák©√|D Ô_s AÔ‚¶_ ƒV>™∫ÔÁ·•D ‡©º´Vÿ√_ √‚ΩBo‚ΩÚÕ>VÏ. ∂©√‚ΩBo_ Ô™ƒm´ kΩk∫Ô^, mig_|Ô^, Ák¬ºÔV_, √VE\ËÔ^, ˛ˆ¬ÿÔ‚ √ÕmÔ^, ÿ¶[M¸ √ÕmÔ^, cÁ> √ÕmÔ^, ƒV>V´© √ÕmÔ^ ®™© √ÈkÁÔ© √ÕmÔ^ ®™© √_ºkÆ ÿ√VÚ‚Ô^ ÷¶D ÿ√u§ÚÕ>™. zwÕÁ>Ô^ ÔuzD ÿ√Vøm ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD ®[ÿ™[™ ÿ√VÚ‚Ô^ ®ÀÿkÀkVÆ √B[√|›>©√¶ºkı|D ®[√>uÔV™ ]‚¶∫ÔÁ·•D ‡©º´Vÿ√_ ∂§s›]ÚÕ>VÏ. ‡©º´Vÿ√_o[ Ô_s¬ ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ· \‚|t[§, ∂k´m ÿƒB_xÁ≈› ]‚¶∫Ô^, Ô_s c>sfl ƒV>™∫Ô^ x>oBkuÁ≈•D ko•Æ›]Bm ∂´∑ gÁ. ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> ÿ¤Ï\M¬z© ÿ√VÚÕmD ÷¬Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB ∂©√ΩºB ÷Õ]BVs_ ÿƒB_√|›>› º>Ákl_ÁÈ, ÷BÈ°D ÷BÈVm ®™¬ z§©∏‚|, ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈l[ ∂Ω©√Á¶¬ ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ· ∞uÆ, zÁ≈Õ> ÿƒÈs_ ÷Õ]B¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z› >´\V™ Ô_s ∂π¬Ô¬ ̧•^· gºÈVƒÁ™Ôπ_ Ô_s© √Ël_ ∂kÚ¬˛ÚÕ> gμÕ> ~|√V‚Á¶•D, ∂§°› ]≈Á™•D, ÷Õ]BVs[ *m ∂kÏ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> √¬]ÁB•D ÿkπ©√|›m˛[≈™. ÷Õ]B¬ ˛´V\ s]Ôπ_ zwÕÁ>Ô^ Ôπ\ı, √∑fiƒVD, ÿƒ∫ÔuÔ^, ÔuÔ^, Ák¬ºÔV_ x>oB ÿƒÈs[§ ®π]_ ˛Á¶¬zD ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| Ôu√Á™› ]≈›º>V|D, ÁÔsÁ™ O‚√ gu≈ºÈV|D sÁ·BV|kÁ>¬ Ôıbu§ÚÕ>VÏ. gÔºk Ôπ\ı º√V[≈ ®∫zD ˛Á¶¬zD ®πB ÿ√VÚÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| Ô_s AÔ‚¶ÁÈ ∂´ƒVÁ ko•Æ›]lÚÕ>V_ º√Vm\V™m ®[Æ ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ú¬z ®ø]•^·VÏ. º\KD ÷Õ]B© A´V∫Ô^, ÷Õ]BVs_ kw∫zD ÔÁ>Ô^ x>oBkuÁ≈¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z s·¬Ô ®ÀkVÆ
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
51
ƒV>V´© ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·© √B[√|›> xΩ•D ®[√Á> s·¬˛•^·VÏ. ÿƒ∫ÔuÔÁ· ∂|¬˛ zÚº≥›]´© º√VÁ´© √u§ ®|›mÁ´›>_, ŒÚ ÿƒ∫Ô_ÁÈ ∂Ï…™M[ ´>\VÔ°D, ®]º´ ºkÿ≈VÚ ÿƒ∫Ô_ÁÈ ¨\–Á¶B ´>\VÔ°D zwÕÁ>ÔÁ·¬ Ôu√Á™ ÿƒFB Ák›>_, sÁ>Ô^ ÷ÁÈÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|, ÔË>D, k´ÈVÆ, mig_sBD, kΩk∫Ô^ ∂Á\›>_ º√V[≈ ºBVƒÁ™ÔÁ· ®|›mÁ´›m^·VÏ. ÷Õ]B¬ ˛´V\∫Ôπ_ ̶© ÿ√ıÔ^ ÔË\ıÿÔVı| >‚|¬Ô^ ÿƒFkÁ>•D ÔV˛>›Á>¬ ÿÔVı| OıËB ∂È∫ÔV´© ÿ√VÚ‚Ô^ ÿƒFkÁ>•D ∂§Õ]ÚÕ> Wºk]Á> ®ÀkVÆ ÷Õ]BVs_ √V\´ÏÔπ¶D ̶© √´slÚÕ> ÔÁÈ›]≈Á\ÔÁ·© √B[√|›]¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z¬ Ô_s Ôu∏¬Ô xΩ•D ®[√Á>¬ Ô_s›mÁ≈ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^·V\ºÈ Ô_s √u§B gÁ ∏≈©∏›m^·Á>¬ z§©∏‚| kÚÕ]•^·VÏ. ‡©º´Vÿ√_o[ E≈Õ> ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ·fl ÿƒBu√|›mDÿ√Vøm, ÷Õ]B ∂§Ák•D, gu≈_ÔÁ·•D, ÔÁÈ›]≈Á\ÔÁ·•D √B[√|›>V\_, ∂ÕWB ÂV‚|fl ÛwK¬ºÔu≈ xÁ≈ÁB ∂©√ΩºB √B[√|›]™V_ cÈÔD ÂDÁ\¬ Ôı| Eˆ¬zD ®[√m Wºk]Á>l[ ÔÚ›m. ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ï xøÁ\BVÔ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^·› º>ÁkBV™ A›>Ô∫ÔÁ· c¶™ΩBVÔ© ÿ√≈ xBuE ÿƒF> Wºk]Á> ÷Õ]BVs_ ∂DxÁ≈ÁB ÷Õ]B¬ ÔÈVflƒV´fl ÿƒøÁ\ÁB•D Ôu∏¬zD kÁÔl_ ÿƒBu√|›> >VD ŒÚ ±_ ®ø> sÁwkÁ>•D ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ú¬z ®ø]B √]_ ÔΩ>›]_ z§©∏‚|^·VÏ. Ô_s √Ú©ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·› mÁBVÔ¬ ÿÔVı| ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√|D. g™V_ Ô_sl[ ÷Æ] È‚EBD xøÁ\BV™ Ôk™›]uz© √luE ∂π›>KD, \™›Á> ŒÚxÔ©√|›m>Kº\ ÷À°ıÁ\ÁB ÷Õ]BV AˆÕm^·m. g™V_ nº´V©√V ŒÚÔVKD AˆÕm ÿÔV^· ÷BÈVm ®[≈ >™m ÔÚ›Á> ÿkπl‚|¬ ÔΩ>›Á> WÁ≈° ÿƒFm^·VÏ Wºk]Á>. ÷ÀkVÆ gμÕ> s≠B QV™›º>V|D ys´ º>ƒ √¬]ºBV|D, zÚ √¬]ºBV|D ]≈Á\•¶[ Ô_s› ÿ>Vı¶Vu§B ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> cÆ]•¶[ ∞uƬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> Ô_s¬ ºÔV‚√V|Ô”D, Ô_s √u§B ∂k´m EÕ>Á™Ô”D gEˆBÏÔ”¬zD, \VkÏÔ”¬zD, ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ”¬zD, Ô_s› mÁ≈l™Ú¬zD tzÕ> √B™π©√Ák.
÷©√¬Ô›]uÔV™ s·D√´ W] c>s ®fi˜MBÏ ]Ú. ˜. \]kV[, ÿƒ[Á™
52
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]uz º>ÊB sÚm
Ô[MBVz\ˆ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D ÷ÀkVı|¬ÔV™ ƒ›√V_ t›>_ º>ÊB sÚm ä¬z› º>ÏÕÿ>|¬Ô©√‚|^·m. \V–¶ ºƒÁkl_ E≈©√V™ √Ë gu§B ¸>V√™∫Ô”¬ÔV™ sÚm ÷m. m[AÆD \M> ÷™›]uz mig_F° Œaflƒ_ ÷[§ sºkÔV™Õ > ºÔ Õ ] ´ D √ËBVu§ kÚkÁ> Ôk™›]_ ÿÔVı|, ºÂÚ E›>VÕ> ºÔÕ]´ Ω´¸‚ (Ÿ]BV™V) √ˆƒπ©A¬zø, ºÔ Õ ] ´ › Á> › º>ÏÕÿ>|›m^·m. Ÿ]BV™Vs_ (√fiƒV© \VWÈD) 11.11.2011 ∂[Æ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈ sÚm kw∫zD swVs_ √fiƒV© g”™Ï º\>z p Ek´VÎ √V‚œ_, ºÔÕ]´› mÁ›>ÁÈkÏ p ∞. √VÈ˛ÚiM¶D ÷ÀsÚÁ> kw∫˛™VÏ. ‘√VF ÷´ı| È‚ƒ›]uÔV™ ÔVºƒVÁÈ, ŒÚ >∫Ô© √>¬ÔD, ŒÚ √V´V‚|© √›]´D ÷Ák kw∫Ô©√‚¶™. g”™Ï >[ \˛μflE cÁ´l_ sºkÔV™Õ>© √VÁ≈ WÁ™kVÈB© √ˬz ÂV[ Â[ÿÔVÁ¶ ]´‚ΩB √ÁwB ÂV‚ÔÁ· WÁ™° ÌÏÕm ºÔÕ]´D ÷ÀsÚm ÿ√u≈]_ >™¬z \˛μflE ®[≈VÏ. Ω´¸‚ WÆk™Ï ƒJÔ ºƒkÔÏ p ƒ›√V_ t›>o[ WÁ™kVÔ ÷Õ> sÚm kw∫Ô©√|˛≈m.
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]
ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D ∑©AÈVA´D z\V´A´D, Ek˛ˆ, \ÁÈBΩ¬z§flE (A]B √^π) mÁ´flƒVtA´D, ÂVÔÈVA´D (#›m¬zΩ \Vk‚¶D) g˛BÁk ∑>Õ]´ ]™swVÁk zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z º>ƒ √¬] cÏ° >mDAD kıD ÿÔVı¶VΩ™. ∂DÁ√ÁB ∂|›> \[™VϺÔVs_, gÆxÔD√‚Ω, Am¬˛´V\D g˛BÁk•D ∑>Õ]´ ]™swVÁk ∂wz≈ ¶›]™. √ı¶V´A´xD swVs_ √∫ºÔu≈m. ÂD∏©√›mD ∂ÀkVº≈.
54
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∏≈Õ> ÂV^ ∂fiƒo
∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï, sfiQV™D ä g[*ÔD
¶V¬¶Ï gÏ. E>D√´D
√V´> ∂´E[ x>[Á\ sfiQV™ gºÈVƒÔÏ, x[™V^ >ÁÈkÏ, √V´> ∂bƒ¬] gÁBD, ÷[™V^ mÁ›>ÁÈkÏ cÈÔ ∂bƒ¬] gÁBD
(Ô[MBVz\ˆ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D \mÁ´l_ ∞u√V| ÿƒF]ÚÕ> >tμ ÿk_Ôºk!! ÂV¶·VsB ÿk_Ô ÿk_Ôºk ÷Á·QÏ xÔVt[ WÁ≈° swVs_ 26.01.2011 ∂[Æ gu§B WÁ≈°© º√ÚÁ´l[ >twV¬ÔD) 1984äD gıΩ_ √V´> ∂´∑ ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ ∏≈Õ> ÂV·V˛B ¤™kˆ 12än º>ÊB ÷Á·QÏ]™\VÔ ∂§s›>m. √V´> ÷Á·QÏÔ‚z, ∑kVt˜l[ >›mk∫Ô”D, ∂kÏ ®Õ> È‚EB∫Ô‚ÔVÔ kVμÕm. E´\©√‚| cÁw›>Vº´V ∂Õ> È‚EB∫Ô”D \Ô›>V™ ÿ>FTÔ© A›mÏflE >ÚD cÕmƒ¬]BVÔ ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D ®[√º> ∂Õ> ∂§s©∏[ ºÂV¬ÔD.
¤VDÿ≠‚˜ ¶V‚¶V
÷Á·QÏ Âº´Õ]´ÂV› >V[ ∏uÔVÈ›]_ ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï g™VÏ. ŒÚ ±u≈Vı|¬z x[ ∂kÏ kVμÕ> º√V]KD, ∂kÏ ÂT™ÔVÈ √V´> ÷Á·QÏÔπ[ ∏´]W]BVÔ› ]ÔμÕ>VÏ. ƒÕº>Ô©√|√k´VÔ°D, ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ∂u≈k´VÔ°D ∂kÏ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. ÂT™ÔVÈ© √z›>§kV·Ï ®kÁ´•D º√V_, √ˆºƒV>Á™ ÿƒFm √VϬÔV\_, ®Á>•D ∞uƬÿÔV^· ∂kÏ ÷∫Ôs_ÁÈ ä x[ÿ\VaB©√‚¶ ƒ\B cıÁ\ÔÁ·•D ̶›>V[. ∏uÔVÈ›]_ ∂kÏ, xMkÚD, ºBV˛•\V™ \Ô›>V™ p´V\˛Úi √´\«DvÚ¶[ ÿ>V¶ÏA ÿÔVı¶VÏ. p´V\˛Úi √´\«DƒÏ √V´D√ˆB, g[*Ô, m≈°ÿ§, c√W≠> √V´>›][ ∂Á¶BV·fl E[™D gkVÏ. ∂kÏÔ^ ÌΩ©º√EBm, ÿÔVfiƒ ÔVÈ›]uz ¶Õ>m. ∂>™V_ º´Õ]´ÂV›, ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï ®–D ÿ√Bˆ_ ÂT™ÔVÈ›]_ ∂›Ák> ºk>VÕ>›m¬z s·¬ÔD ∂π©√k´VÔ cÚ\V§™VÏ.
56
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
23.11.1898 ∂[Æ ¤VDÿ≠‚˜ ®[. ¶V‚¶V ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ú¬z ®ø]B ÔΩ>›]_ ‘‘√V´>›]_ ŒÚ sfiQV™ g´VFflE¬ ÔwÔ›][ >ÁÈÁ\© ÿ√VÆ©Á√ ∞uƬ ÿÔV^”D√Ω’’ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ∏uÔVÈ›]_ ÷Õ> WÆk™D √∫ÔjÚ ÷Õ]B[ ÷[¸ΩΩR‚ g‡© ƒl[¸ ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ AÔμÿ√u≈m. 1893ä_, ¤©√VM_ ÷ÚÕm ∂kÏÔ^ ÷ÚkÚD Œ[≈VÔfl ºƒÏÕm ∂ÿ\ˆ¬ÔV°¬z √BD º\uÿÔVıΩÚÕ>™Ï. ¶V‚¶V, √V´> ÂV‚|¬z, ÷ÚDA cÚ¬z› ÿ>VaÁȬ ÿÔVı| kÚD È‚EB©√Ël_ ~|√‚ΩÚÕ>VÏ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï ¶V‚¶V°¬z gºÈVƒÁ™ ̧™VÏ. ‘‘cºÈVÔsB_ ÿ>Va_ Ob¬Ô›Á>¬ ÿÔVı| kÚkm \‚|D º√V>Vm. ÂD º>ƒ›]ºÈºB, ¶V‚¶V cºÈVÔsB_ sfiQV™›Á>•D k·Ï¬Ô ºkı|D.’’ ®Àk·° m´]ÚiΩ•¶[ ÌΩB gºÈVƒÁ™ ÷m! ®Õ>› ÿ>Va_ xÁ≈ sfiQVM•D ÷Á>s¶ º\ÈV™ gºÈVƒÁ™ÁB kw∫˛ ÷Ú¬Ô xΩBVm! ÷>™V_>V[ ¶V‚¶V sfiQV™›]uz^ ÷Õ>› m≈° \™©√V[Á\ÁB¬ ÿÔVı| k´ sÁwÕ>VÏ. ∑kVt sºÔV™Õ>Ú¬z ∂–©∏B ∂Áw©∏>a_ ¶V‚¶V ÌÆ˛≈VÏ. ‘‘÷Õ>© º√ˆB¬Ô›]uz (sfiQV™ g´VFflE¬ÔwÔD WÆ°D √ˬz) ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Á´ s¶ ºkÆ BVÏ ∂]Ô© ÿ√VÚ›>\V™ >·√]BVÔ ÷Ú¬Ô xΩ•D? ®™¬z› ÿ>ˆBs_ÁÈ.’’ ÷[Á≈B √V´>›]uz, >ÁÈÁ\© √ıAÁ¶BkÏÔ^ º>Ák ä ∂´EB_kV]Ô^, WÏkV˛Ô^, º\ÈVıÁ\BV·ÏÔ^, ÿ>Va_ ∂]√ÏÔ^, º√V´VπÔ^, sfiQVMÔ^ ä zÂÈflE≈©AÁ¶B >ÁÈkÏÔ^ º>Ák. ∂Ω©√Á¶¬ ÿÔV^ÁÔÔπ_ s‚|¬ ÿÔV|¬ÔV> \M>ÏÔ^ º>Ák. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï Ì§•^·VÏ. ‘‘ÿÔV^ÁÔÔÁ· s‚|¬ ÿÔV|¬zD s≠B›]_ ®flƒˆ¬ÁÔ•¶[ ÷Ú∫Ô^. BVÚ¶–D ƒflƒ´s_ ÷≈∫Ôºkı|D ®[Æ ÷>uz© ÿ√VÚ^ ÷_ÁÈ. ÷[√›]KD, m[√›]KD ¿∫Ô^ c∫Ô^ WÁÈ©√V‚Ω_ cÆ]•¶[ ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D. ∏≈Ú¬ÔVÔ ÷ku§_ ¿∫Ô^ ŒÚº√VmD ƒˆ¬Ô‚Ω¬ ÿÔVı| º√VÔ ºkı¶VD. >[ ÔÚ›m¬z g>´° º>|D º√´VÁƒl_ ∏≈ÚÁ¶B ∂u√ gÁƒÔ‚z© √ËÕm º√VÔ ºkı¶VD. \Vÿ√ÚD sfiQV™ º\Á>BV™ n[¸Á¶[ ŒÚƒ\BD ̧™VÏ. ‘‘ŒÚ \Ô›>V™ sfiQVM¬z ∂§° >V[ x¬˛BD ®[Æ ÿ√ÚD√VÈV™ \¬Ô^ ÔÚm˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂kÏÔ^ ÌÆkm >kÆ. Â[™¶›Á>>V[, Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A›>V[ \Ô›>V™ sfiQVMÔÁ· cÚkV¬z˛≈m.’’
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
57
BVÏ ºkı|\V™V_ ÿ√ˆB sfiQVM g˛s¶ÈVD ®[Æ ÷>uz© ÿ√VÚ^ ∂_È! º√´§° Ô‚¶VBD º>Ák. g™V_ ∂m\‚|D º√V>Vm. Â[™¶›Á>, Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A, ∂]Ô x¬˛B›mkD cÁ¶Bm. Â[™¶›Á>, Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A ®[≈V_ ®[™ ®[Æ kÁ´BÆ›m s|km ®π>_È! ∂>[ÿ√VÚ^ ÂVBD/ ºÂÏÁ\. ∂>[ÿ√VÚ^, >M\M>Ï >[ zÁ≈WÁ≈Ô‚zD W[Æ º\[Á\ÁB sÚ©√›Á> º>Ωfl ÿƒ_K>_. ®]Ï©AÔπ[ x[™VKD s¶V\_ xBuE ÿƒFB ºkı|D ®[Æ ÷>uz© ÿ√VÚ^. º>ÊB È‚EB∫Ô^, ƒJÔ È‚EB∫Ô^ ÷kuƬºÔu√© ÿ√VÆ©A¶[ ¶Õm ÿÔV^”>_. ∂º>ƒ\BD, ¿], ƒx>VB WBVBD ÷ku§KD ÿ√VÆ©A¶[ ¶Õm ÿÔV^”>_ ®[Æ ÿ√VÚ^. Â[™¶›Á>/ Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A ®[√m, >ÁÈkÏÔ‚z \‚|t[§ ŒÀÿkVÚ zΩ\Ô–¬zº\ ºkı|D. ƒ√È∫Ô^, ÿÂÚ¬ÔΩÔ^ ∞u√|D º√VmD Œø¬ÔxD, ºÂÏÁ\•D ÿÔVıΩÚ¬Ô Á>ˆBD ºkı|D ®øÕm W_! Á>ˆB›m¶[ ÷Ú. √ÈD ÿÔVı| s·∫z ®[√m ∑kVt sºÔV™Õ>ˆ[ ÿƒVuÿ√Va°Ôπ_ ]ÚD√›]ÚD√ kÚD ÔÚ›m gzD. >M \M>Á´© º√VȺk, ŒÚ º>ƒ›]uzD √ÈD º>Ák. ÂV[ ∂Ω¬ÔΩ Ì§ kÕ]Ú¬˛º≈[. ‘‘º>ƒk· x[º™u≈xD, º>ƒ© √VmÔV©AD ŒÚ ÂVB›][ ÷´ı| √¬Ô∫Ô^. √VmÔV©∏_ÈV> k·x[º™u≈D g√›m¬z c^·VÔ¬ Ì|D. k·x[º™u≈D ÷_ÈV> ÿkÆD √VmÔV©A ®[√m ∂Ï›>t_ÈV>m. c∫Ôπ¶D √ÈD ÷Ú¬˛≈m ®[Æ ∏≈Ï ∞uƬ ÿÔV^k>V_ ∞u√|D tÔ©ÿ√ˆB ÈV√D ®[™ ÿ>ˆ•D! ∂Õ>© √È›Á> ¿∫Ô^ √B[√|›]¬ ÔV‚¶ ºkıΩB º>Ák ÷_ÁÈ ®[√m>V[! ¿∫Ô^ √ÈT™Ï ®[Æ ∏≈Ï ÔÚ]™V_ ∂>™V_ ®[™ Âi¶D? ®]ˆ ƒVÔƒD ÿƒFB› mk∫˛ s|kV[ ®[√º>.’’ cıÁ\l_ ÷m>V[ ‘‘ÂD√›>zÕ>, zÁ≈Õ> √‚ƒ ∂·sÈV™, ®]ˆÁB› >|¬zD ∂bƒ¬]’’ ®[≈ ÂD kV>›][ ∂Ω©√Á¶. cÈÔ›][ x[™Ë sfiQVMÔ·V™ n[¸Á¶[, ƒVD\Ïÿ‡√_‚ º√V[≈kÏÔπ¶›]_ √Ôk›ˇÁ> √V]©Á√ ∞u√|›]•^·m. ∂ÿ\ˆ¬ÔVs[ x>_ ∂bzı| ºƒV>Á™l_ º√ÿ´VπÁB© √VÏ›>mD ´V√Ï‚ mig_©√[ Í\Ï Ì§™VÏ. ®™¬z √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ ŒÚ √V¶_ WÁ™°¬z kÚ˛≈m. ∂]_ ˛Úi[ ∂Ï…™M¶D ÌÆ˛≈VÏ ‘‘®[ cıÁ\ kΩÁk ¿ Ôı¶V_ ∂m Œº´ ºÂ´›]_ gl´D ÛˆB[Ô^ ŒπT∑kÁ>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD ∂]Ô© ∏´ÔVƒ›m¶[ s·∫zD.’’ √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ tÔ°D ƒV>V´\VÔ º\uºÔV^ ÔV‚¶©√|D ∑ºÈVÔD ‘Ô¶Á\ÁBfl ÿƒF, √ÈÁ™© √u§¬ ÔkÁÈ©√¶Vº>’ ®[Æ c∫Ô”¬z ºBVƒÁ™ ÌÆD √V¶_ >V[. (ÿ>V¶ÚD)
58
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
]Úk‚¶Vˆ_ y√ ka√V|
Ô [ M B V z \ ˆ \V>V˜ *´VAˆ ∂D√V^ ∂kÏÔ^ \Vk‚¶D ] Ú k ‚ ¶V Ï g]ºƒk© ÿ√ Ú \V ^ ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ Ê ´ Á\ © A ]Ú©√ËÔ^ ÿkz ºkÔ\VÔ Â¶Õm k Ú ˛ [ ≈ ™. gμkVÏÔ^ √V¶_ ÿ√u≈ 108 ]Ú©√]Ôπ_ Œ[≈V˛B ÷À∆ˆ_ ÂV[z gı| ÷Á¶ÿkπ¬z© ∏ ≈ z ºÔÕ]´ ]Ús·¬z© ØÁ¤ \Æmk¬ÔD ÿ√uÆ^·m. c^jÏ ∂[√ÏÔπ[ cÁw©AD, √¬]•D, ~|√V|D º√Vu≈›>¬ÔÁk. ˛´V\ x[º™u≈› ]‚¶fl ÿƒBÈV·Ï, ÿk^π\ÁÈ g›\EkV™Õ>V ∑kVt, ]Úk™Õ>A´D ∂[√Ï EkD >D√]l™Ï g˛ºBVÏ E≈©AÁ´ gu§™Ï. EÆkÏ A›>Ô \VÁÈl[ Am ÿkπX|Ô^ ÷ÀswVs_ ÿkπl¶©√‚¶™. ÿ‚¶V∫ºÔV| ƒV´º>¸kˆ gE´\›][ \V>V˜ *´VAˆ ∂D√V^ ∂kÏÔ^ ]Ús·¬z© ØÁ¤ÁB ¶›]™VÏÔ^. 47 ªÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm kÕ> 1000 >VF\VÏÔ^ ka√V| ¶›]™Ï. Â[§•Á´ ]Ú\] ˛ÚiD\V^.
k^πRˆ_ ºBVÔ©√luE xÔVD
k^πRˆ_ ºÔÕ]´D ¶›]B ºBVÔ© √luE xÔVt_ 87 º√Ï ŒÚkV´D √luE ®|›>™Ï. gıÔ”¬z ÔVÁÈlKD, ÿ√ıÔ”¬z \VÁÈlKD, n.u§.n \VkÏÔ”¬z √Ô_ ºÂ´›]KD kz©A¬Ô^ ¶Õ>™. ºÔÕ]´ s.ºÔ.s. >V·V·Ï ®¸.ºÔ. ∑©∏´\ËB[, ÿƒBÈV·Ï ]Ú. nB©√[, ∂[√Ï ]Ú. ÔÕ>ƒVt, ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ≠ıxÔ √V´], ]Ú\] ¤V™˛Ai√D, ®D. s\ÈV g˛ºBVÏ √luE ¶›]•D, s·¬Ô cÁ´ ∂π›mD xÔVt[ ÿku§¬z ∂ΩºÔVo™VÏÔ^. ˛ˆBV √luEÁB ºÔVs_√‚Ω ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶Ï √´\zÚ Â¶›]™VÏ. z|D√ kVμs[ #FÁ\ÁB kuAÆ›mD ÿƒVuÿ√Va°¶[ xÔVD Ø´D ∂Á¶Õ>m.
∂\´Ï ƒ´¸k] ˛Úi[ ∂kÏÔ^ WÁ™kVÔ
60
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
∂D√Vƒx›]´›]_ ƒ\B \VÂV|
ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D ∂D√Vƒx›]´D ]Ú.ƒ∫Ô´[˜ >ÁÈÁ\cÁ´, √z]l_ ºÔÕ]´© √ËÔ”¬z ]Ú\] ¤V™˛Ai√D E≈©AÁ´ ÿ√Vm\¬ÔπÁ¶ºB Â_È k´ºkuA cı|. z§©√VÔ gEˆB© ÿ√Ú\¬Ô^ ºÔÕ]´›]_ È‚EB∫ÔÁ·© AˆÕm ÿÔVı| ÿ>Vı| Aˆ•D ∂§° √Á¶›>kÏÔ^, ]≈Á\¬zD √fiƒD ÷_ÁÈ. ∂DÁ√ ºÔV\] \«Vo_ ƒ\B kz©A \VÂV|D ÷º>º√V_ E≈©A≈ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m. #›m¬zΩ ºÔÕ]´ ÂÔÏ ∏´x¬ ]Ú. ƒ∫Ô´[ gE•Á´ kw∫˛™VÏÔ^. ∂Á¶flƒVË, ÷Á¶¬ÔV_, Am˛´V\D, \[™VϺÔVs_, gÆxÔD√‚Ω, ÂÁ´B©√A´D ƒ\B kz©A \Vkfl ÿƒ_k∫Ô^ 122 º√Ï √∫ºÔu≈™Ï. ÂV¶Ô∫Ô^, º√fl∑, ÿ>Fk› ]Úº\M ºk¶D, >MÂΩ©A, zø© √V¶_Ô^, WÁ≈B √ˆ∑Ô^, ºÔÕ]´ ƒºÔV>ˆ ]Ú\] ¤V™˛Ai√›][ WÁ≈°Á´ g˛Bku≈V_ swV ÿ√Vo° ÿ√uÆ s·∫˛Bm. >Ôk_ ]Ú\] E. ƒ´¸k]
******************** **********************
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
61
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ 150äkm ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ swV x[ÿ™Vπ
z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D º√B[za ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ 150äkm ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ swVÁk c^jÏ \¬Ôπ[ g>´°¶[ ÿÔVı¶V|k>uÔVÔ g∫ÔV∫ºÔ c^jϬ zø¬Ô^ ∂Á\›m ºÔÕ]´D √ËAˆÕm kÚ˛≈m. º√B[zal_ ¶Õ> swVs_ ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ ÿ√VÆ©√V·ÏÔ”D, ªÏ© ÿ√ˆBkÏÔ”D, √^π› >ÁÈÁ\ gEˆÁB•D Œ[Æ ÌΩ swVÁk ®©√Ωfl E≈©√VÔ Â¶›>ÈVD ®[Æ ]‚¶t‚| ÿƒB_√|›>› mk∫˛ c^·VÏÔ^. ªÏ›>ÁÈkÏ p √›\ÂV√[ ÿ√VÆ©º√uƬ ÿÔVı| ∂Á™kÚ¬zD cuƒVÔD ª‚|˛≈VÏÔ^. ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ]Ú. ∂ÚÁ\›>∫ÔxD, ‹ÈV°D Ô·©√Ël_ ÷≈∫˛ s‚¶V_ ÿku§¬z¬ ºÔ‚ÔkV ºkı|D! ºÔÕ]´ WÆk™Ï \V. ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ WÁ™° ÂV^ z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D zÆÕÿ>V‚ΩsÁ·, º\¬ÔV|, A›>·D, Ôo∫Ô´V¤A´D, ÿ\V‚¶sÁ·, º√Á´ ]¬z§flE, ºÔV‚¶sÁ· g˛B √VÈÏ√^πÔπ_ \È´fiƒo, ∏´VÏ›>Á™ ÷kuƶ[ ∂[AD, \ˆBVÁ>•D ÿ√V∫Ô Â¶›>©√‚¶m. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï E¬ÔVºÔV ÿƒVuÿ√Va° gu§B cÈÔ ƒºÔV>´›mk ]™D ºÔÕ]´© √VÈÏ√^πÔπ_ ªÏkÈD, E≈©AÁ´, √ˆƒπ©A, ÿ√uº≈VÏ Ì‚¶D zwÕÁ>Ôπ[ ÔÁÈWÔμflEÔ^ ÷kuƶ[ cuƒVÔD ÿ√V∫zD kıD ¶›>©√‚¶m. #›m¬zΩ \Vk‚¶D ≠ıxÔA´D ∏. >∫ÔD\V^A´D, Ì‚¶VDAπ, ÿƒ¬ÔV´¬zΩ, ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D Ek˛ˆ g˛Bku§_ ÷ÀswV ∂wz≈ ÿÔVı¶V¶©√‚¶m. ºÔVs_√‚Ω ÈVB_ t_o_ ºBVÔ© √luE kz©AD, cÈÔ ƒºÔV>´›mk ]™xD ÷ÁÕm ¶›>©√‚¶™. ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ c√º>ƒ© ∏´∑´D kw∫Ô©√‚¶m. ∂Ú©A¬ºÔV‚Á¶ ÔVÕ] s›BVÈB›]_ c^jÏ ºÔÕ]´¬ ˛Á· ¶›]B ÂÔÏ©A≈© √ı√V‚|© º√V‚Ωl_ ¸º¶‚ k∫˛ º\ÈV·Ï ÿƒ_ÈD, ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒBÈV·Ï ]Ú. nB©√[, >ÁÈÁ\ gEˆBÏ ∑kVt ÂVÔo∫Ô™VÏ, ∂[√Ï QV™ ÿƒ·Õ>ˆ, g˛ºBVÏ E≈©AÁ´ gu§™Ï. 23 √^πÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm 316 \VkÏÔ”D, 35 gEˆBÏÔ”D, nÕm ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ”D √∫ºÔu≈™Ï. swV ∞u√V| ]Ú. º√flEB©√[, \ÔVo∫ÔD, ´V¤ÿÈ’t, Ô™ÔVD√´D. z\ˆ \Vk‚¶ √VÈÏ √^πÔ^ ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ WÁ™° ÂVÁ· √¬] E´›Á>•¶[ ÿÔVı¶VΩ™.
62
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ
®[.®¸.∏
WÈV¬ˇuÆ
>twÔ›]_ √¬] ÿk^·D ÿ√Ú˛¶fl ÁƒkD >Õ> ∂Ú^Â] ]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ ]ÚW[≈ÿƒDÁ\ ®[√m ]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒˆ[ kVμ¬ÁÔ Á\BD. ∂[Á™ cÁ\l[ ÿ√Vu˛ı© √VÈx][ QV™\D QV™ƒD√Õ>Ï √V¶_Ôπ_ Ô\øD. ÛÈ›>V[ ∂Ú·V_ ÛÁÈ ¿∫˛B ∑ÔD ÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ √V¶_Ôπ_ >mDAD. ]ÚxÁ™© √VΩ ÂV‚Ω_ ]ÚkVJˆ_ ∏≈Õ>kÏ ]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ. >ÕÁ> AÔw™VÏ; >VF \V]MBVÏ; >\¬ÁÔ ]ÈÔk]BVÏ. ÷·Á\› ]ÚÂV\D \Ú^ ¿¬˛BVÏ. ƒ\D ƒVÏÕm ∏[ ÁƒkD *ı¶VÏ. ∂ÚπB √V¶_Ô^ 4ä5ä6 ]ÚxÁ≈Ôπ_ Ek\D Ô\w g[*ÔD º√¬ ÔVı˛º≈VD. ÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ √V¶_Ôπ_ JkÁÔ ∂–√k∫Ôπ[ z´_Ô^ ÿ>πkVÔ Œo¬Ô¬ ÔVı˛[º≈VD. 1) cÈÔ ∂–√k∫Ôπ[ ÿkDÁ\, 2) ÷Á≈B–√k›][ >ıÁ\, 3) ÿkDÁ\lM[Æ >ıÁ\ÁB ÂV|D √B ∂–√kD. \Ú^ ¿¬˛BVˆ[ ÷·Á\ ∂–√k∫Ô^ Ôƒ©√V™Ák; ÿÔV|Á\BV™Ák. >ÕÁ>l[ \´Dä>Vl[ \´Dä>\¬ÁÔ¬z© º√EB \\Ô[ \´D ä \´›m¬z› mËÕ> >\¬ÁÔ >[ ÿ√VÚ‚| kVw xΩÿk|›m ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶ ÷·Á\›m≈° ä ®™ ∂ÁÈ ∂ÁÈBVF¬ Ôƒ©AÔ^! ÷flÛwo_ ÿ√u≈ WÁÈBVÁ\ cÏs[ ÔȬԛÁ>fl ƒ\D ~Ï›>m. >\¬ÁÔl[ ∏´VÏ›>Á™ºBV Áƒk›m¬z *‚¶m. g™V_ ƒ\D A]B xÔD ÔV‚ΩBm. kfiƒÁ™BV_ m´›]Bm! >twÔ›]_ ºkÆ ®Õ> g[*ÔÚD ÷›mÁ √ÁÔÿk§¬z ÷ȬÔVÔs_ÁÈ. ÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ >VF\>D ¿∫˛fl ƒ\D ÿƒ[≈º√Vm ®Õ> k[xÁ≈•D WÔws_ÁÈ ]ÈÔk]l[ ∏´VÏ›>Á™ \‚|º\ ®]ÏW[≈m. g™V_ ∂kÏ >VF\>D *ı¶º√Vm ÂfiÛ‚¶KDäBVÁ™ t]•Dä¿u≈Á≈•D, Ô_∏Á›m¬ Ô¶_ ®§>KD ∂´ƒ√È›º>V| ∂kÿ´]º´ ∂Ëkz›>™. ÷¬Ôƒ©AÔ”D, ÿkDÁ\Ô”D ∂kÏ √V¶_Ô”¬z ∂–√k x]ÏflE >Õ>™. gwtz kVμ¬ÁÔ© √VÏÁk >Õ>™. ÷ÀÿkDÁ\l[ √]° ∂kÏ √V¶_Ôπ_ cı|ä ∂´u≈ÈVÔ ∂[Æ; >ıÁ\› º>¶ÈVÔ. ÷›>ıÁ\› º>¶o_ x˛μ©√º> ∂kÏ ÔVbD kVμ¬ÁÔ Á\B\V˛B ]ÚW[≈ ÿƒDÁ\. ÷›>ıÁ\ ä ÷flÿƒDÁ\ ä ÔÚ] ∂kÏ º\uÿÔV^”D √Bº\ ∂k´m √V¶_Ôπ_ sˆ˛≈m. >È∫Ô^ √È ÔVı˛≈m. ∂kÏ √BD. ∂∫z ÿ√ÆD >ˆƒ™∫Ô”D, ∂–√k∫Ô”D mig_Ï ∂uA> g[*Ôfl ÿƒøÁ\ÁB ÂDx[ ]≈¬˛≈m.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
63
ÿ√ıV¶Ô›]_ ÛÈä÷¶√¬z§ÿ√≈_äTatwÁÈl_ √fiƒD º√V¬zD √Ω¬ÔV∑ ÿ√≈_ ä \Á≈¬ ÔV‚Ω_ Ô>kD ]≈›>_ ä √ÁwBVÁ≈l_ ƒ\ı\Á≈›> ÷o∫ÔD ÿ√≈_ ä ]∫Ôjˆ_ ∂©Ø]∂ΩÔπ[ sÚÕº>u≈_ ä Á√fiQo©√VÁ>l_ ºƒVÆD, ¿ÚD, ka›mÁ•D ÿ√≈_ ä ]ÚÁkBVu§_ ÔlÁÈ >ˆƒ™D ÔV© ÿ√≈_ ä ®™› ]Ú›>È BV›]Á´l_ ∂ÁÈ∂ÁÈBVF ∂–√k∫Ô^ \ÈÏ˛[≈™. #ıΩ_ ˛º¶flEl[ ƒÈ™D º\ºÈ; *M[ ÔÀk_ ˇºw! ÷Àk–√k∫Ô·V_ ÔÀk©√|D ∂Ô©√B g[\ ÂÈ∫Ô^ ∂uA>\V™Ák! ‘kVF›>m ÂD >\¬z ~º>VÏ ∏≈s; \]›]|t[’ ®[–D gwD; ‘®[ Ô¶[ √Ë ÿƒFm ˛¶©√º>’ ®[–D Aˆ>_; ‘ÂV\VϬzD zΩB_ºÈVD’ ®[–D y´D; ‘ºÔV›]´xD zÈxD ÿÔVıÿ¶[ ÿƒFTÏ’ ®[–D Êu≈D; ‘WÁÈÿ√Æ\VÆ ®ıb]ºB_ ÿÂfiºƒ ¿kV’ ®[–D √ˆ°; ‘z§¬ºÔVπ_ÈVm ÿÔ‚º¶[’ ®[–D ®flƒˆ¬ÁÔ; ‘ÔM >Õ>V_ ÔM cı°D k_oº´’ ®[–D ÔM°; ‘\M›>© ∏≈s•D ºkı|kº>’ ®[–D z#ÔÈD; ‘º>Ω¬Ôı| ÿÔVıº¶[’ ®[–D ÿ√Út>D, ‘Ek[ ®[–D mig_Áƒ ∂_ÈV ÂÁ≈ºBV cÈ˛_ ]ÚW[≈ ÿƒDÁ\ c·º>’ ®[–D QV™D ä ®™fl E>ÆD ∂Á™›m kı∫Ô”D ÿkDÁ\lM[Æ >ıÁ\¬z ¶¬zD √¬]© √VÁ>l[ ∂Áw©A¬ z´_Ôº·! ∂–√k x]ÏflEºB √ˆ°¶[ ÁÔ>Õm cÈÔ ÿkDÁ\lM[Æ Ek› >ıÁ\¬z ∂[A¶[ ∂Áw›mfl ÿƒ_KD ∂uA> ÷MÁ\ºB ∂©√Ï º>kV´D. ‘\VE_ TÁ•D \VÁÈ \]BxD T∑ ÿ>[≈KD T∫˛· ºkMKD J∑ kı¶Á≈ ÿ√VFÁÔ•D º√V[≈º> ~ƒ[ ®ÕÁ> ÷ÁBΩ ¿wºÈ.’ Printed by : Shri. Pravin V. Dabholkar at M/s RNR Printers and Publishers, 8, Thandavarayan Street, Triplicane, Chennai - 600 005.
Published by : Shri. Pravin V. Dabholkar for Vivekananda Kendra Prakashan Trust, 5, Singarachari Street, Triplicane, Chennai - 600 005. Editor : Shri. P. Parameshwaran, P r e s i d e n t, Vivekananda Kendra, Vivekanandapuram, Kanyakumari - 629 702.
64
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´ \V> ÷>μ sºkÔV™Õ>A´D, Ô[MBVz\ˆ ä 629 702
k¬ÔD! kVÚ∫Ô^!!
ÿkπX‚| ∂KkÈÔD
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D, 5 ä E∫Ô´VflƒVˆ ÿ>Ú, ]Úk_o¬ºÔË, ÿƒ[Á™ ä 600 005
∂[A^· kVƒÔ ºÂBÏÔ”¬z, Â\¸ÔV´D. sºkÔkVËl[ ¤™kˆ ä 2012 ÷>μ kVƒÔÏÔ”¬z \™D WÁ≈Õ> ÿ√V∫Ô_ kVμ›m¬ÔÁ·› >V∫˛ kÚ˛≈m. ¤™kˆ ä 12 ∑kVt˜l[ ∏≈Õ> ÂVÁ·¬ z§¬zD kıD ∂kÚÁ¶B ]Ú°Úk© √¶›Á> ÷Às>μ ∂‚Á¶l_ >V∫˛ kÚ˛≈m. ∂kÁ´© √u§ ƒ´› ƒÕ]´ ƒ¬Ô´kÏ›] ®ø]B m] \V>D ŒÚ \Õ]´\VÔ ÿkπBV˛≈m. ∑kVt˜ ÔV‚ΩB kal_ W[Æ º>ƒ©√Ë, ÿ>Fk©√Ë, \M>ºÂB© √Ë guƺkV\VÔ! ∑kVt˜l[ yÏ¬Ô >ˆƒ™›Á>¬ z§¬zD kıD AÔμÿ√u≈ sfiQVM ®ø]B Ô‚|Á´•D ÷Às>a_ ÿkπBV˛≈m. ∏´kD ®–D mig_DÔV´D ÿ>V¶Ï 251äkm >kÁÁB ®‚Ω•^·m. mig_DÔV´D ®[≈VºÈ \Vı˘¬˛B c√W≠>D, ∂>uz pÿÔ·¶√V>Ï ®ø]B ÔVˆÁÔ ÷kuƬz g]ƒ∫Ô´´Ï ®ø]B cÁ´ ÷ÁkºB x>o_ ÂD Ôı x[ kÚk™. ÷À°Á´ÁB p\› ∑kVt ÔD¨´V™Õ>V˜l[ g∫˛È ÿ\Va ÿ√BÏ©A kaºB >twV¬ÔD ÿƒFm sºkÔkVËl_ ÿkπl|˛º≈VD. mig_DÔV´›][ \˛Á\ÁB© º√Vu§B ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ c^·›]uz ÷©√Ë cÔÕ>m gzD. ∏≈ ∂Dƒ∫Ô^ ÷¶kƒ]¬ºÔu√ ÿkπBV˛[≈™.
¤™kˆ ä 2012
>kD 27 ¤™kˆ ä 2012
÷©√Ω¬z, ÷Á≈k[ √Ël_, sºkÔkVË
ÿ>VÁȺ√E: (044) ä 28440042/28442843 ~ÿ\l_: [email protected]
ºƒÁk ä 9
>M©∏´] ‘. 7/ä, gı|flƒÕ>V ‘. 75/ä, ÷´ı¶Vı|fl ƒÕ>V ‘. 140/ä, J[≈Vı|fl ƒÕ>V ‘. 200/ä, g•‚ƒÕ>V (10 gı|Ô^) ‘. 700/ä, ÿkπÂV‚| gı|fl ƒÕ>V 20 ¶VÈÏÔ^.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
1
¤™kˆ 12 ∑kVt˜ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ ∂‚Á¶©√¶ s·¬ÔD
\V>D ŒÚ \Õ]´D
√ˆƒºk] sºkÔV™Õ>Ï
JÏ›> \º«¸k´ xÎÎkÈ √V¸Ô´ti¶ \\´ ´kÕ›BD/ kÕº> ºk> >– xfi˜> ÔÏN> ÔVfiflƒ™ ÔVtM √Õ>D// ºÔVΩ√V–Ô´ y©> LD« \º«V ÔΩ>Ω ÿÔ·¨™ kÕ›>D/ ∂¨´ ¨⁄∫ÔV´ ÂV]> ]∫x¬Ô ©´ƒı¶ >Vı¶k ÕÚ›BD// A¬]x¬] ¬Ú√V Ô¶V≥ ©º´≥ \Ô>È s>È Â > ≥D/ √Vȃ՛´ >´ tÕm kÕ›B t« ÿ·t zÚ sºkÔV™Õ>D// ää ƒ´› ƒÕ›´ ƒ¬Ô´kÏ›] ÂV[ sºkÔV™Õ>Á´ k∫z˛º≈[. ∂kº´ ®[ g[*Ô kaÔV‚Ω gkVÏ. ∂kº´ ÂV[ ka√|k>uzˆBkÏ. ∂kÏ EkM[ ]ÚkΩkD. ÛˆBÁ™© º√V_ Œπ T∑√kÏ. \V–¶ÏÔ”D, º>kÏÔ”D ∂kÁ´ k∫zkÏ. ∂kº´ ºk>∫Ôπ[ ]¶kΩkD. ∂kÏ ÔV\›Á>•D, √›>VÁƒÁB•D xu§K\VÔ ÿk[≈kÏ. ∂Ák ÔıΩ¬Ô› >zÕ>Ák >Vº™! ∂kÏ \M>ÏÔ”^ ŒÚ E∫ÔD º√V[≈kÏ. ºÔVΩ ÛˆB© ∏´ÔVƒD ÿÔVı¶kÏ. m≈sÔ^ ∂Ë•D Eu≈VÁ¶ºB ∂ËÕ>kÏ. ∂kÏ EkÁ™© º√V_ g|D >Vı¶k›>V_ ]ÁƒÔ^ ∂]Ï˛[≈™. ∂kÏ ‘‘∂fiƒVº> ∂fiƒVº>’’ ®[Æ ÔϘ¬˛≈VÏ. ∂kÏ ÔÁ¶¬ÔıË[ √VÏÁk Œ[º≈ º√VÔ›Á>•D, º\V≥›Á>•D ∂π¬Ôk_Èm. yÁ\l[ Ì‚¶∫ÔÁ· ∂kÏ ®π>VÔ Â∑¬˛ s|˛≈VÏ. ∂kÏ √VȃÕ]´Á™› >ÁÈl_ >V∫zD EkÁ™© º√V[≈kº´. ∂kÁ´ ‘÷Õm’kV˛B ÂV[ ka√|˛º≈[. (÷Õm ÔsQˆ[ AÁ™©ÿ√BÏ )
∑kVt ƒ>V™Õ>V
2
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºk>›][ c‚ÿ√VÚ^
∏´kD ®–D mig_DÔV´D (251)
\Vı˘¬B c√W≠>D
ÿÔ·¶√V> ÔVˆÁÔl[ ƒ∫Ô´ √ViBD
∂›]BVBD ä 1 : gÔ\©´Ô´D (ºk> JÈ√V¶›][ cÁ´) √ViBÔV´ˆ[ ∏´VÏ›>Á™ : 1) ÂV[ ∏´D\›Á> k∫z˛[º≈[.
∏´D\D, (sa©A WÁÈl_) #È© ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ· ∂–√s¬˛[≈m; ÷>uÿÔ™ ∂m, \V–¶ È‚EB∫Ô^ BVkuÁ≈•D ª|Ú°˛[≈m. >[ \V≈V> ∏´ÎÁQl[ ˛´∫ÔÁ· \V–¶ È‚EB∫Ô^ ∂Á™›][ ª|D ÔÁ´Õm √´kfl ÿƒF˛[≈m. ÷Õ>© ∏´ÎÁQ ∂Áƒk™, ∂ Áƒ BV ] Ú © √ ™ ∂Á™›Á>•D c^·¶¬˛Bm. ∏´D\D (Ô™° ®–D WÁÈl_) ®_ÈVkÁÔBV™ ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ·•D ∂ Ú Õ m ˛ [ ≈ m. (c´©√¶V> >[M_ ®_ÈVkuÁ≈•D ÷Á¬˛[≈m) ÷ © ÿ√V Ú ^ Ô ^ gÁƒBV_ cı¶V¬Ô©√|˛[≈™. (ÿƒBÈVKD, ∂§BVÁ\BVKD ̶ cı¶V¬Ô©√|˛[≈™) ∂Ák ∂§kV_ ŒπR‚¶©√|k™. ∏ ´ D \ D c≈∫zÁÔl_ g™Õ>›Á> ∂–√s¬˛[≈m. \VÁBl[ JÈD ÂVD ∂–√s¬zD√Ω ÿƒF˛[≈m. \VÁBl[ ºÂV¬˛_ ∂m ÂV[ÔVk>VÔ ®ı©√|˛[≈m. ∏´D\º\ √´D; ∂x>D; ∏≈kV>m. 2) ∂Õ> ÂV[ÔVk>V™ Œ[Æ ÂDÁ\¬ ÔV¬z\VÔ. ∂m >[Á™ ÷©∏´√fiƒ›m¶[ n¬˛B©√|›]¬ ÿÔVı¶∏≈z (sa©A WÁÈl_) #È©ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ· ∂–√s¬˛[≈m. ∂Ák Â_ÈÁk (yBÁk)BV_ cı¶V¬Ô©√‚¶Ák. º\KD (Ô™° WÁÈl_) >[ Œπ JÈ\VÔºk, ∂–√s¬Ô›>¬Ô ÿ√VÚ^ÔÁ· OÔÏ˛[≈m. ÷Ák ∂>[ A›]l™VºÈºB cı¶V¬Ô©√‚¶Ák. Ô™ku≈ c≈¬Ô›]_ (∑£©]l_) ∂m ÷Ák ∂Á™›Á>•D >™¬z^ c¶™ΩBVÔ ÷ø›m¬ ÿÔV^˛[≈m. ÷Æ]l_ ∂m z∫Ô^, kÏÁ™Ô^ ∂Á™›]_ ÷ÚÕmD s|√|˛[≈m. ŒÀÿkVÚ >MflE≈©Á√•D, ºkÆ√V‚Á¶•D ∂m ÔÁ·Õm s|˛[≈m.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
3
x[–Á´ : ‘‘mig_D ®–D ®ø›m >V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›m\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛[≈m.
∂>Á™© √u§B ÿ>πkV™ s·¬ÔD ÿ>V¶Ï˛[≈m (\Vı˘ I.i.1) ºk>VÕ>¬ ÔÚ›m¬Ôπ[ ƒV´›Á> ∑Ú¬˛¬ ÌÆD ÔV ˆ ÁÔ l [ ÷ Õ > ÂV [ z ∂›]BVB∫Ô^ ‘‘mig_D ®–D ®ø›m >V[ ÷Ák BV°D’’ ®[≈ JÈ√V¶›m¶[ mk∫z˛[≈™. ∂>[√Ω, ƒD√Õ>D (A›>Ô›]uzD, s≠B›]uzD c^· ÿ>V¶ÏA) s≠BD (±uÿ√VÚ^) ∏´D\, g›\ n¬˛BD, ±u√B[ (º\V‚ƒD) g˛BÁk c √ W ≠ > › ] K D, ÔVˆÁÔlKD Œ[º≈. gl–D ∂>Á™ ŒÚ g´VFflE ±o_ skˆ¬Ô sÚDA√kÏ, ∂kuÁ≈fl ∑Ú¬Ô\VÔfl ÿƒV_o›>V[ gÔºkı|D. ÷m ÿ>V¶Ï√VÔ ŒÚ s≠B›Á>¬ ÔkM¬Ô ºkı|D. ŒÚ ƒV›]´ ±_ (∂m ºk>VÕ>\Vl–D, ºk>VÕ>›Á>© √u§B g´VFflE ±_ gl–D) È‚EB›m¬z ∂OÌÈ\V™ g[*Ô¬ Ô‚|©√V|ÔÁ· ÿkπ¬ ÌÆ˛[≈m; ∂>™V_ ∂]_ ŒÚ s≠BD (c‚ÿ√VÚ^) kÕm s|˛[≈m. ÷À°ıÁ\l™V_ ∂Õ±_ \Á≈xÔ\VÔ EÈ s≠B∫ÔÁ·© ÿ√uÆ s|˛[≈m. 1) ÿ>πkV™ (±_ ä s≠B) c≈° 2) s≠BD (c‚ÿ√VÚ^, 3) √B[ (º\V‚ƒD). Ì≈kÕ> √B[ >V[ ®[™? ∂>Á™ s·¬zºkVD. ŒÚ \M>M[ ƒV>V´ c¶_WÁÈ, ºÂVl™V_ √V]¬Ô©√‚¶V_, ºÂVF yÏ©√]_ >V[ È‚EBD ÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ∂mº√V_, g›\Vs[ ƒV>V´ WÁÈ m[√© ∏Á©∏™V_ >V[ ÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ∂mº√V_, g›\Vs[ ƒV>V´ WÁÈ m[√© ∏Á©∏™V_ >V¬zı|, ÷Ú¬zDº√Vm ÷ÚÁ\ cÁ¶B, (A≈ kB) cÈÔD yÏÕm (›Ák>© ∏´√fiƒD) º√VF s|k>V_, ÷_ÈV\_ º√VFs|k>V_ (g›\V) ]ÚD√© ÿ√≈©√|˛[≈m. ∂›Ák> cϺk ±u√B™VD. mÁk>© ∏´√fiƒD (÷ÚÁ\© √Á¶©A) ∂k›Á> ®–D ∂fiQV™›>V_ cı¶V¬Ô©√|˛[≈m. ∂>Á™ QV™›]™V_ ∂a¬Ô xΩ•D. ∏´D\ QV™›Á> ∂Ú·ºk ÷Õ±_ mk∫Ô©√|˛≈m. ÷Õ> cıÁ\ ºk> Jȱ_Ô·V_ WÆk©√|˛[≈m. mÁk>D ÷Ú¬zD º√Vm, (º>V[ÆDº√Vm) ŒÚk[ ®Á>ºBV xÔÏ˛[≈V[. ®Á>ºBV ÔVı˛≈V[. (∏Ú« II.iv.14) ÷m ÷ÀkV§Ú¬Ô; x>_ ∂›]BVBD, ‘mig_D’ ®[√>[ ÿ√VÚÁ·› yÏ\VM¬zD ys´ ®ıD ÿÔVı¶m. ∂m √V´D√ˆB ºk> QV™›Á> ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ¬ ÿÔVı¶m. g›\Vs[ ƒ›]B›Á> W‘∏¬Ô c>°km. ÷´ı¶Vkm
4
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂›]BVBD >ϬԩØÏk\VÔ, ÷ÚÁ\© ∏´√fiƒ›][ cıÁ\u≈ >[Á\ÁB W‘∏¬zD >[Á\Bm. ÷ÚÁ\© ∏´√fiƒD ŒaÕm (yÏÕm) º√V™ c¶[ ‘‘∂›Ák>D’’ ˛‚|˛[≈m. √VDA ®–D sÔ_√D (ÿ√VF› º>Vu≈D) (Ôlu§[ *m Ôu∏¬Ô©√‚¶m) ¿¬Ô©√‚¶mD Ôlu§[ cıÁ\›>[Á\ ∂Á¶B©√|˛≈m. J[≈Vkm ∂›BVBD ÷Ú©√Á> ∂›Ák> ƒ›]B›Á> •¬]l™V_ (>Ϭԛ]™V_) WÆkºk. ÷_ÈVs‚¶V_ ∂m°D ÷›>ÁÔB kV>›]™V_ ÷_ÁÈ ®[Æ Ì≈©√‚|s|º\! ÂV[ÔVkm ∂›BVBD, ºk>›m¬z© A≈D√V™ >ˆƒ™∫ÔÁ· \Æ¬Ô xu√|˛≈m. ÷©√ˬz ∂ku§[ kV>∫ÔÁ·ºB √B[√|›m˛≈m. ºk>›m¬z© A≈D√V™Ák, ∂›Ák>›]uz ®]´V™Ák. (∂›Ák>›>V_ WÆk©√‚¶ ÷ÚÁ\ ÷[Á\). ∂Ák]Ô >ˆƒ™∫Ô^, ÷Õ> ∂ƒ›]B mÁk>›]_ E¬˛ ÷Ú©√™. ÷>uzfl ƒV[Æ ∂Ák Œ[Á≈ Œ[Æ ®]Ï©√º>! mig_DÔV´›][ ÿ√VÚÁ·› yÏ\VM©√m, g›\ ƒ›B›Á> c´ c>°km ®©√Ω? ÷>[ √]ÁÈ Ô¶ I.ii.15 x>oB ºk> JÈ\Õ]´∫Ô^ ÌÆ˛[≈™. ®_ÈV ºk>∫Ô”D Œº´ z´o_ ®>Á™ È‚EB\VÔ¬ ÌÆ˛[≈™ºkV, ®>Á™› >k∫Ô^ ∂Á™›mD ÌÆ˛[≈™ºkV, ®>Á™ sÚD∏ \¬Ô^ ∏´D\flƒˆB›Á>¬ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω¬˛[≈™º´V ∂mºk ÷m (mig_D). ÷Õ>› mÁºB tÔflE≈Õ>m (Ô.c). mig_ v›B ÔV\V ÷Õ> mig_DÔV´›][ cıÁ\l_ ∏´D\D (√´©∏´D\xD, ∂√´©∏´D\xD) (∏´fl™) g›\Vs[ *m mig_D ®[Æ ]BV™D ÿƒFÔ (Á\›Z). mig_D ®[√º> ∏´D\[ (Á>.c) cıÁ\l_ mig_D >V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD (ƒVÕ). ÷Õ> ºk> ±_Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm ÿ>ˆB kÚkÿ>[™? ∂›Ák> (÷´ı¶u≈) g›\Vºk √´\ ƒ›]BD gzD. ÷Ú©∏–D ∂m, ∏´V[ x>oB ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈∫Ôπ[ ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ ÷Ú©√m gzD. √VDA ®–D ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈›]uz, ÔlÆ ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ ÷Ú©√mº√V_ gzD. ∂mº√VȺk mig_D ®[√m º√flE[ (kV¬˛[) \VÆ√V|Ô^ ∂Á™›][ ∂Ω©√Á¶ gzD. g›\Vs[ ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈∫Ô·V™ ∏´V[ x>oB™, º√flE[ (kV¬˛[) c^”Á≈© ÿ√VÚ^ gzD. mig_D ®[√m ∂Ω©√Á¶l_ g›\Vºk gzD. ∞ÿ™M_ mig_D g›\VÁk›>V[ z§¬˛[≈m. g›\Vs[ ÿ√VF›º>Vu≈∫Ô^ ∂Á™›mD, ∏´V ƒ¬] º√V[≈ ∂Á™›mD, mig_D ®[√>[ \VÆ√V|Ôπ™V_ z§©∏¶©√|˛[≈™. ∂Ák >D ÿ√BÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm sÈ˛› >M›m ÷Ú©√Ák ∂_È. ÷ÀkVÆ ºk> JÈ ±_Ô^ ÌÆ˛[≈™. \Vu≈∫Ô^ BV°D ÿ√B´·°¬z›>V[ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. \Vu≈›][ mÁBVÔ g>´kVÔ, º√fl∑ (kV¬z) ÷Ú¬˛[≈m (ƒV.c). ‘‘∏´D\›][ cÈÔ› º>Vu≈∫Ô^ ∂Á™›mD º√fl∑ ®–D ±ÈVKD, ÿ√BÏÔ^ ®[≈ ÷ÁwÔ·VKD ºÔVϬԩ√‚| ÷Ú¬˛[≈™.’’ gÔºk ‘‘mig_D ÷] ∞>› ∂≥´D ÷>D vÏkD’’ mig_D ®[≈ ®ø›m›>V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ®[˛[≈m c√W≠>D.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
5
c√W≠>D: mig_t›ºB>>≥´t>D vÏkD >¸ºBV√ÀBV¬BV™D Ø>D √k› √siB]] vÏkº\V∫ÔV´ ∞k! BflƒV[B› ›ˆÔVÈVy>D >>©ºBV∫ÔV´ ∞k!
1) mig_D ®–D ®ø›m›>V[ ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD. ÷>Á™© √u§B ŒÚ ÿ>πkV™ cÁ´ ÷∫ºÔ ÿ>V¶∫z˛[≈m. ÷ÚÕ>m, ÷Ú©√m, ®]ÏÔVÈD ∂Á™›mD cıÁ\l_ mig_D >V[. x¬ÔVÈ›m¬zD ∂©√Vu√‚¶>VÔ ®m ÷Ú¬˛[≈º>V ∂m°D cıÁ\l_ mig_D >V[. ÿ√BÏÔ·V_ z§©∏¶©√‚|^· ÷©ÿ√VÚ^Ô^ BV°º\, ÿ√BÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm ºkÆ√‚¶Ák ∂_È! ÿ√BÏÔ^ ‘mig_D’ ÷_ ÷ÚÕm ºkÆ√‚¶Ák ∂_È. gÔºk ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ‘mig_D’ >V[. ÿ√BÚ¬zD ∂m z§¬zD ÿ√VÚ”¬zD ÷Á¶l_ WÈ°D c≈s[ JȺ\ √´Dÿ√VÚ^ ∂§B©√|˛[≈m. ∂>™V_ ∂m°D ‘mig_D’ >V[. >¸B = ∂>–Á¶B, ÷Õ> ‘mig_D’ ®–D ®ø›]–Á¶B ä ÷m º\ÈV™ ∏´D\D. √´©∏´D\D, ˇwV™ ∏´D\D (∂√´©∏´D\D) g˛BÁkºB. c√ÀBV¬BV™D. ÿ>πkV™ cÁ´ ∂m ∏´D\›m¬z ∂Ú˛_ ÷Ú©√m, ∂m ∏´D\›Á> ∂Á¶B ŒÚkaBVÔ ÷Ú©√mD >V[. Ø>D ®[≈V_ ÷≈Õ> ÔVÈD, √k› ®[≈V_ WÔμÔVÈD, √siB› ®[≈V_ ®]ÏÔVÈD ÷] = ®ÿ>_ÈVD ÔVÈD √u§B JkÁÔ¬ ÔÚ›m¬Ô·V_ kÁ´BÁ≈ ÿƒFB©√‚|^·º>V ∂m. vÏkD mig_DÔV´ ∞k = ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ‘mig_D’ >V[.
ƒ B› ›ˆÔVÈVy>D = ÷Ú¬zD ºkÿ≈m°D, ÔVÈ›][ J[Æ ∏ˆ°¬zD ∂©√Vu√‚¶mD, ÔVÈ›>V_ kÁ´BƬԩ√¶V\_, ∂>[ sÁ·kV_ ª˛›>§B©√|km ®mºkV ÿkπ›º>V[≈V>, ∂ÀBV¬Ú>D ®mºkV, ∂m°D ∏≈°D, >› ∂∏ = ∂m°D, mig_∫ÔV´ ∞k ä cıÁ\l_ mig_DÔV´D >V[.
ŒÚ ÿƒV_KD ∂>™V_ z§¬Ô©√|D ÿ√VÚ”D ºkÆ ºkÆ ∂_È. ÷Ú©∏–D, JÈ√V¶›]_, ‘‘mig_D ®[≈ ®ø›º> ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD’’ ®[Æ
6
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
Ì≈©√‚ΩÚ©√m, ∂Õ>fl ÿƒV_K¬z ∂]Ô x¬˛B›mkD ÿÔV|›m^·m. x>o_ ÿƒV_ *m ∂ø›>D ÿÔV|›m kÚˬԩ√‚¶ ∂º> ÿ√VÚ^, \Æ√Ω•D ÿ√VÚ”¬z x¬˛B›mkD ÿÔV|›m¬ Ì≈©√‚ΩÚ©√m, ∞ÿ™M_ ÿ√ B Ú D (ÂV\D) ÿ√ B ´V _ z§©∏¶©√‚ΩÚ©√mD (ÂV*) Œ[º≈ ®[√Á>© AˆÕm ÿÔV^· kƒ]BVÔ›>V[. ÷_ÈVsΩ_ ÿ√VÚ·V™m ÿ√BÁ´fl ƒVÏÕm, ÷Ú©√>VÔ¬ ÿÔV^·©√‚|, ÿ√VÚ”D ÿ√BÚD Œ[º≈ ®[√m, ÷´ı¶Vt¶›m¬z› >^·©√‚| s|º\! ∂Ák ÷´ı|D Œ[º≈ ®[Æ ∂§B©√¶ºkı|km ∞[? ÷Ák ÷´ı|D Œ[º≈ ®[√m WÁÈWÆ›>©√‚¶V_, ƒV>Ô[ Œº´ xBuEl_ ÿ√BÏ ÿ√VÚ^ ÷´ıÁ¶•D sȬ˛, ∏´D\›Á> ∂§BÈVD. ∏´D\D ÷´ıΩoÚÕmD ºk≈V™m gzD. ÷Á>›>V[ c√W≠>D ®‚¶VD \Õ]´›]_ ÌÆD √V>∫Ô^>V[ (ÔV_kVEÔ^ >V[ mig_D ®[√>[ ®ø›m¬Ô^, ®ø›m¬Ô^>V[ √V>∫Ô^ (ÔV_kVEÔ^) ÷©º√Vm c√W≠>D ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ∏´D\º\ ®[√Á>© º√∑˛[≈m.
ºvVSB\V›\V vÏkD „ºB>› ∏´D«VB\V›\V ©´D« ºvV B\V›\V ƒmi√V›ä2ä
÷Ák ∂Á™›mD ∏´D\º\! (WflƒBD). ÷Õ> g›\V ∏´D\D. ÷ÀkVÆ ÷Ú¬zD g›\V ÂV[z √V>∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı¶m.
vÏkD ∞>› = ÷Ák ∂Á™›mD, mig_D ®[Æ º√ƒ©√‚¶Ák ∂Á™›mD, ©´D\D ∏´D\º\. \Á≈xÔ\VÔ© º√ƒ©√‚¶ ∏´D\D, ÷©º√Vm ºÂˆÁ¶BVÔ, ]‚¶k‚¶\VÔ, ∂BD g›\V ∏´D\. ÷Õ> g›\V ∏´D\D ®[Æ Ì≈©√|˛[≈m. ÷Õ> g›\Vºk ∏´D\D ®[≈ JÈ√V¶›]_ ÂV[z √z]Ô·VÔ© ∏ˆ¬Ô©√‚¶>VÔ ∂º> g›\V, ŒÚkˆ[ gw\V™ ∂Õ>´∫Ô\V™ g›\V ä ÷>Á™ ä ÷Õ> ä ®–D ÿƒV_ ÁÔÁB ÷>B›]_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı| ÿƒV_È©√|˛[≈m. v: ∂BD g›\V = mig_D ®[Æ z§¬Ô©√‚|, cBÏÕ> ∏´D\\VÔ°D, >VμÕ> ∏´D\\VÔ°D, ÷Ú©√m, ƒmi√V› = ÂV[z √V>∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı¶m. (ÔVÏ≠√D º√VÈ, √∑Ák© º√VÈ_È; √V>D ®[≈ ÿƒV_K¬z, ÔV_, ÔV_kVE ®[Æ ÿ√VÚ^Ô^ cı|. ÔV_kVE ®[≈ ÿ√VÚ^ ÷∫z ∞uÔ©√|D. ŒÚ ÔVÏ≠√D EÆ ÔV∑Ô·VÔ \Vu≈©√¶¬ÌΩBm. ÂV[z EÆ ÔV∑Ô^ ŒÚ√V>D (ÔV_kVE) gzD. ®‚| EÆÔV∑Ô^ ŒÚ ∂Á´©√D gzD. ÿ√ˆB ÔVE_ E§B ÔV∑Ô^ >∫Ô^ >M›>[Á\ÁB ÷wÕm s|˛[≈™. ∂ÀkVº≈ sflkD, Á>¤LKD, Á>¤vD ©´VÎQ›]KD, ∏´VÎQD mZB›]KD ÿƒ[Æ ÷ÁÕm
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
7
n¬˛B\V˛ s|˛[≈™. √V>D ®[≈ ÿƒV_ ]¶©ÿ√VÚ^ ®>Á™•D z§©√]_ÁÈ. ÂV[ÔVk>V™ mZBD cıÁ\ÿB™ c´©√|km, Œ[≈[ ∏[ Œ[≈VÔ xÕÁ>B J[Á≈•D (s∑kD x>ÈVÔ) ÷Á©√][JÈD. JÈ√V¶›]_ √>D ®[≈ ÿƒV_, Ô´D ®[≈ ÔÚs ®[≈ ÿ√VÚπ_ x>_ J[Æ √V>∫ÔπKD ÔÚ\D (ÿƒB©√|ÿ√VÚ^) ®[≈ ÿ√VÚπ_ mZB›]KD √B[√|˛[≈m.
mig_DÔV´xD, ÔVB›Z•D
∑kVt EkV™Õ>V
mig_D ®[√m tÔ°D AM>\V™ ŒuÁ≈ ∂ÁƒBVzD. ∂m ŒÚ ÷Á≈ ´ÔEB mig_ÁƒBVzD. ÂVD clÏ kVμkmD ∂ÁƒkmD mig_DÔV´›]_ >V[. mig_Dä÷_ ÂVD mig_F° ®|¬˛º≈VD. mig_t_ ÂD º>¶ÁÈfl ÿƒF˛º≈VD. mig_D ®[√m ∏´D\›][ ∂Á¶BV·fl E[™D gzD. ∂m ƒ¬] kVFÕ> ÿƒV_ gzD. mig_D >V[ ƒflE>V™Õ>D. mig_D >V[ ∂™Õ>D, mig_D >V[ \´t[Á\ ä ∂tÏ>D. mig_D >V[ ∂Á™›]uzD º>VuÆkVF. mig_D>V[ ºk>∫Ôπ[ ÔÚ©Á√. mig_D>V[ ÿ\VaÔ^ ∂Á™›]uzD ∂Ω©√Á¶. AM>∫Ô^ J[ÆD mig_t_ ÷ÁÕm n¬˛BD g˛[≈™. mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm >V[ mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›mD mk∫z˛[≈™. mig_t_ >V[ ∂Á™›m© ÿ√VÚ^Ô”D >∫˛ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. mig_D >V[ >ÁÈE≈Õ> \Õ]´D. mig_D >V[ ºvV«D. (ÂVº™ ä ∂kÏ ) mig_D ®[√m ŒÚ Â_ÈVEfl ÿƒV_. mig_D c∫Ô^ ¶›Á>¬z kaÔV‚|D √VÁ>¬z Œπ >ÚD.
∑kVt EkV™Õ>V
√´Dÿ√VÚπ[ Œo kΩsÈV™ A≈›º>Vu≈D : mig_D ®[√m
∏´D\›][ ÷Á≈ ´ÔEB mig_Áƒ. mig_Áƒ ®[√m ∂]ÏÿkVo gzD. mig_D >V[ mig_Áƒl[ x>_ ∂]ÏÿkVo gzD. mig_Áƒ >V[ √´Dÿ√VÚπ[ x>_ ÿkπ©√V| gzD. Â\¬z √´Dÿ√VÚÁ·© √u§ Œ[ƺ\ ÿ>ˆBVm. ∂m ÷Ú¬˛≈m ®[√m \‚|º\ ÿ>ˆ•D. ƒV›]´∫Ô^ ÷©√Á¶©A© √u§ s·¬Ô°D ∂m √´Dÿ√VÚπ_ ÷ÚÕm ®©√Ω ÿkπkÕ>m ®[Æ Ì≈°D xu√|˛[≈™.
8
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ƒV›]´∫Ô^ ÌÆ˛[≈™. g›\V ∂_Èm ∏´D\D ®[√m Œ[º≈. ∂m ÷´ı¶u≈m. ∂m ®ıËBm: ‘‘ÂV[ Œ[º≈, √ÈkVÔ gºk[’’ ÷>™V_ ŒÚ ∂]Ï° ∞u√‚¶m. ∂m ÷Æ]l_ ŒoÁB ÿkπ©√|›]uÆ. ∂Õ> Œo>V[ mig_D. mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm ∏≈∂Á™›mD ÿkπ©√‚¶™. ÷Às>›]_ mig_Áƒ >V[ √Á¶©√Á™›m¬zD g>V´D ®[º≈ ÂVD AˆÕm ÿÔV^· xΩ•D. ∏´D\›][ ∂y> ÷B_Á√ (∂Á™›Á>•D Ô¶Õ> ÷B_Á√) AˆÕm ÿÔV^·ºk ÷BÈVm. ∂>Á™ tÔ°D ÿÂÚ∫zD ka mig_Áƒ >V[. ∂y> ∏´D\›][ x>_ ÿkπ›º>Vu≈D mig_Áƒ>V[.
mig_D mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›]uzD g>V´D: A≈©ÿ√VÚ^Ô^ ∂Á™›mD
mig_ÁƒÔ·V_ (ÿ√BÏ mig_ÁƒÔ·V_) z§©∏¶©√|˛[≈™. ∂Á™›m mig_ÁƒÔ”D mig_Dä÷_ º√VF ÷ÁÕm n¬˛BD ∂Á¶˛[≈™. º√fl∑ Œo ∂Á™›mD ÿƒVuÔ^ ∂Á™›mD º√VF ŒÚ mig_Áƒl_ xΩkÁ¶•D. ∂mºk mig_D. gÔºk ÷À°ÈÔD xøkmD mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm ÿkπkÕ>m, mig_t_ >∫˛ ÷Ú¬˛≈m. mig_t_ ÔÁ´Õm xΩ˛≈m. Á‚Ω∫ºÔo[ ÷MB √V¶_ (÷´V©√VΩ¬ zÚsl[ √V¶_) º>Ãl[ Z∫ÔV´D, ÷Áƒl[ ∞ø ∑´∫Ô^, tÚ>∫Ô mig_Áƒ, TÁ, zw_ Œo, ED\ ÔϤÁ™, ÔV>È[ √V‚|, z]Á´ ÔÁ™›>_, ÂVÔ©√VD∏[ Êu≈ Œo, ºÂV•u≈kˆ[ x™Ô_, zwÕÁ>l[ ∂øÁÔ, ÷Õ> mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›mD mig_t_ ÷ÚÕm º>V[§BÁkºB. Ô∫ÁÔ ¿º´V‚¶›][ mig_Áƒ, ÿ>VÁÈs_ Œo¬zD Œo, ƒÕÁ>l[ Ì‚ÿ¶Vo, ÷BÕ]´›][ ƒ¬Ô´›Á>fl ∑wuÆDº√Vm ®øD Œo, \ÁwºBVÁƒ, ÷ÁkBÁ™›mD mig_DÔV´ mig_Áƒ› º>Vu≈∫Ôº·. ®Õ> mig_ÁƒÁB© √z›m© √VÏ›>VKD ∂]_ mig_D ÔV©√|D. mig_D ∂Á™›Á>•D ª|Ús Wu˛≈m. gÔVƒ›Á>© º√VȺk. ∏´D\›Á>© º√VȺk. mig_D mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂Á™›]uzD g>V´D. ∂]_ ∂äcä\ ®[Æ J[Æ mig_ÁƒÔ^ ∂¶∫˛ c^·™. ÷Õ> J[ÆD mig_Áƒ ∂]Ïs[ kÁÔÔ^ ∂Á™›Á>•D c^·¶¬˛s|D. ÿ>VıÁ¶ (z´_ kÁ·•D) ∂ıxD mig_Áƒ ®øD >·∫Ô^ gzD. ä∂ä ®[Æ ¿∫Ô^ Œo¬zDº√Vm, ÂV¬z, ∂ıD ÷ku§[ ®Õ>©√z]•D ÿ>V¶©√¶Vm. äcä ®[Æ ¿∫Ô^ cflƒˆ¬zDº√Vm, kVl[ ∂Ω©√z] ºkˆ_ ÷ÚÕm, kVl_ mig_Áƒ ®ø©AD >·›][ xΩ°© √z] kÁ´, mig_Áƒ cÚı| ÿ>V|˛≈m. ä\ä ®–D ÔÁ¶E Œo c>|ÔÁ· J|D º√Vm ÔÁ¶EBVÔ ÿkπs|k>VzD. gÔºk ®_ÈV mig_ÁƒÔ”D mig_t_ ∂¶∫zD. ÿ\VaÔ^ ®_ÈVD mig_t_ ÷ÚÕº> ÿ>V¶∫zD. mig_D >V[ ÂV[z ºk>∫Ôπ[ ƒV´©ÿ√VÚ^ gzD. mig_Á\ mig_]™ \™›]_ ¤√D ÿƒF>VKD cÈ˛_ c^· AM> ±_Ô^ ∂Á™›Á>•D mig_]B>uzfl ƒ\D. ∂Á™›m \>∫Ô^, AM> ±_Ô^ ∂Á™›]uzD
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
9
º>VuÆkVF, ÔÚ©Á√ mig_D >V[. mig_D, gÿ\[, g*[ ®[√ÿ>_ÈVD Œ[º≈. ∂Ák ƒ›]B›Á>, ∏´D\›Á>¬ z§¬˛[≈™. ÷Ú©√V˛B Œ[º≈ Œ[Á≈¬ z§¬˛[≈™. mig_D ÷_ÈV> ka√V| ®m°º\ ˛Á¶BVm.
mig_D ®[√m ]ˆAΩÔ^ (J[Æ J[≈VÔ ®ı©√|D AM>¬ ÿÔV›m¬Ô^) ∂Á™›Á>•D z§©√m:ä
mig_D >V[ ∂Á™›mD. ∂mºk c∫Ô”Á¶B cıÁ\BV™ ÿ√BÏ ∂m. \M>M[ JkÁÔ›>V™ ∂–√k cÏ°Ô^ ∂Á™›Á>•D c^·¶¬˛Bm. ∂m A≈›º> º>V[ÆD cÈÔD xøk>uzD g>V´D. mig_Dä÷_ ÷ÚÕm AÈ[ cÏs™V_ ∂§B©√|D √Á¶©A xøkmD ÿkπ ¿‚¶©√‚|^·m. ‘∂’ ®[√m, √fiƒØ> WÁÈÁB¬ z§¬zD. äcä ®[√m, \™D, sı x>oB Û¬z\ cÈÔ xøkÁ>•D z§¬zD. gscÈÔD, sıbÈÁÔ•D z§¬zD. D ®[√m gμÕ> c≈¬Ô›Á>¬ z§¬zD. sa©A WÁÈl_ ¿∫Ô^ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^· xΩBV> ∂Á™›Á>•D z§¬zD. ∂§s™V_ ®‚Ω© ∏Ω¬Ô xΩBV> ∂Á™›Á>•D äDä z§¬zD. mig_D >V[ clÏkVμ°, \™, ®ıkVμ° ∂Á™›]uzD ∂Ω©√Á¶. J[Æ J[≈VF¬ Ô¬˛¶©√|D AM>¬ ÿÔV›m¬Ô^. ŒÀÿkV[ÆD mig_D E[™›>V_ z§¬Ô©√|˛[≈™. c.D: 1) ∏´D\V, sib, EkV 2) Ô¶Õ>ÔVÈD, WÔμÔVÈD, ®]ÏÔVÈD 3) ∏≈©A, kVμ°, ÷≈©A 4) √Á¶›>_, ÔV›>_, ∂a›>_, 5) sa©A, Ô™°, Ô™ku≈ c≈¬ÔD. J[Æ J[≈VF ®ı©√|D ∂Á™›mD mig_D E[™›>V_ z§¬Ô©√|k™. 1) mϬÔV, È‚∑t, ƒ´¸k] 2) ∏>V, \Ô[, AM> gs 3) ´¤¸, >\¸, ƒ›mkD 4) #ÈD, Û¬z\D, ÔV´D 5) ƒ›, E›, g™Õ>D 6) ∂Á™›Á>•D ∂§>_, ∂Á™›mfl ƒ¬]•D ÿÔVı| ÷Ú›>_, ®∫zD ÷Ú›>_. ∂ ®[√m ∏´D\D. \ ®[√m \VÁB, c ®[√m ÷Õ> ÷´ıΩ[ ÷Á¶ºBBV™ c≈°. mig_D ®[√m >› ›kD ∂L, (∂mkVÔºk ¿ ÷Ú¬˛≈VF) ®[√Á>•D z§¬zD. ∂ ®[√m ˝kV›\V. \ ®[√m √ÔkV[, c ®[√m ˝kV›\VÁk•D, √´\V›\VÁk•D ÷Á©√m. mig_D ®[√m tÔ°D x¬˛B\V™ \Õ]´D gzD. ∂>Á™ ®_ºÈVÚD ka√¶ºkı|D. ∂Á> ÷Á´Õm mig_>ºkı|D. ∂>[ ÿ√VÚ”¶[ \™›]ºÈºB ]ÚD√›]ÚD√fl ÿƒV_Ⱥkı|D. gw\V™ cÏ°¶[ ¤∏¬Ô ºkı|D. ∂>Á™› ]BV™xD √ıºkı|D.
∂\´Ï ƒ´¸k] ˛Úi[ ∂kÏÔ^ WÁ™kVÔ
10
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ÂEºÔ>\[≈D
>. ´˜M, g>˚Ï
1758) \´D ®[√m m¬Ô\V™ s≠B\V? ƒÕº>Vƒ\V™ \´D ˛Á¶¬ÔV>V?
\´D ®[√m ÂD kVμÂV^ xøkmD ÂVD ®©√Ω Â¶Õm ÿÔV^˛º≈VD ®[√Á>© ÿ√VÆ›m m[√Ô´\VÔºkV, ÷[√Ô´\VÔºkV ∂Á\•D. ÔVÕ]˜l[ ƒÔ› ÿ>Vı¶´V™ ÔV¬ÔV ÔVºÈ_ÔÏ \´D ®[–D cu≈ Âı√[ ®[ÿ≈VÚ NÕ] A›>ÔD ®ø] ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ÂVD kVμÂV^ x ø k m D Â_ÿÈı∫ÔÁ·ºB ®ıË kÕ>V_ ÔÁ¶E ®ıxD Â_È>VÔºk ÷Ú¬zD. \´D ÂDÁ\ m [ A Æ › > V m . \«V√V´>›]_ ƒ™› ∑¤VyBD ®[ÿ≈VÚ √z] ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ÷m √Ôk› ˇÁ>ÁB•D, sibƒ«¸´ ÂV\›Á>•D º√VȺk g]ƒ∫Ô´´V_ cÁ´ ĺ﫮ø>©√‚¶m. ÷Õ±o_ ‘‘Ôk™¬zÁ≈ºk \´D gzD. sa©AϺk Ôk™¬zÁ≈ºk gzD’’ ∂x>D gzD ®[≈ ÔÚ›m ÿƒV_È©√|˛≈m. kVμ¬ÁÔl[ ∑Á\ÁB¬ zÁ≈©√>uÔVÔ ÷Á≈k[ Â\¬z √È©√È gÆ>_ kVF©A¬ÔÁ·, ∂Á\] kVF©A¬ÔÁ·, mig_F° kVF©A¬ÔÁ· ÿÔV|›]Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ∂]_ Œ[Æ #¬ÔD gzD. ÂVD ®Àk·° ÔÁ·›m ÷ÚÕ>VKD Â_Èÿ>VÚ #¬ÔD º√V‚¶V_ ÔÁ·©A mig_Ω©º√VF s|˛≈m. A›mÏ° kÚ˛≈m. ºÂVFÔ”¬ÔV™ \ÚÕmÔ^ √Èku§_ #¬Ô \ÚÕmD ÔÈÕm ÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ÷mº√VȺk Â\¬z yÁ\ ÿƒF>kÏÔÁ· \[M›m \≈Õm s|kmD Â\¬z \™›]_ ÿ√ˆB ƒVÕ]ÁB cı¶V¬˛› >ÚD. ÷_ÈVs‚¶V_ ∏≈Ï Â\¬z ŒÚ >¶Ák y∫z ÿƒF]Ú¬Ô ÂVD ∂Á> gl´D >¶Ák WÁ™›m WÁ™›m Â\¬z ÂVº\ gl´D >¶Ák yÁ\ ÿƒFm ÿÔV^ºkVD. ÷mº√VȺk kVμ¬ÁÔl_ m[√fl ∑Á\Ô^ >V∫Ô xΩBV\_ kÚ˛[≈ º√Vm ÷Á≈k[ \´D ®[≈ ∂x> sÚÕÁ> Â_z˛≈VÏ. ÷©∏≈sl_ ÂDxÁ¶B m[√∫Ô^, º>V_sÔ^, ∞\Vu≈∫Ô^ ÷kuÁ≈ \≈Õm kVμ¬ÁÔÁB© A]>VÔ› mk∫Ô ÷Á≈k[ ŒÚ kVF©Á√› >Ú˛≈VÏ.
12
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
÷>uÔVÔ ÂVD ÿƒ›m ÿƒ›m› >V[ ∏Áw¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√]_ÁÈ. ÂVD ®Õ>¬ ÔVˆB›]_ ~|√‚¶VKD ∏≈ ®_ÈV WÁ™°Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕmD ÂD \™›Á>© ∏|∫˛ ®|›m ÷∫z ÁÔl_ ÷Ú¬zD ÔVˆB›][ *m ÂD \™›Á>¬ zs›m› ]Ë¬Ô ºkı|D. ∂©√Ωfl ÿƒF>V_ ÂD kVμ¬ÁÔl_ ÷[√D ˛‚|D. ÷Á> ∂Ω©√Á¶BVÔ¬ ÿÔVı¶ ]BV™ ÿ§ÔÁ·•D, sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D ÔuÆ› >Ú˛≈m. ÷[Á≈B sfiQV™xD ÔÚÕmÁ·Ô^, ®]Ï\Á≈ √Ú©ÿ√VÚ^ (gıΩº\‚¶Ï) ÷©√Ω ÂVD nDAÈ[Ô·V_ cÚD cÈz¬z \VuÆ cÈz ÷Ú©√Á>© √u§ g´VFflE ÿƒF˛≈m. g™V_ ÷kuÁ≈ >Ϭԛ][ JÈD s·¬zkm ÔΩ™D. ÂVD ºkÁÈ ÿƒFm ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zD º√Vm ∂K©º√V, ÔÁ·©º√V kÕ>V_ ºkÁÈÁB WÆ›] mig_Fÿk|©√>[ JÈD ∂Õ> ºkÁÈÁB \Æ>¶Ák Â[z ÿƒFB xΩ•D ®[√Á> >Ϭԛ][ JÈD, sfiQV™›][ JÈD s·¬Ô xΩBVm, W‘∏¬Ô xΩBVm. ∂–√k›]_ \‚|º\ c´ÈVD. gÔºk \M>M[ ÿƒB_ ]≈Á\l_ c≈¬ÔD, \≈], \[M©A, √u§[Á\, \´D ÷Ák ∂uA>© √ËBVuÆ˛[≈™. √. Ô_BVË, #›m¬zΩ
1759) Ô¶°^ ÂD ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ∂[™t|˛≈VÏ ®[Æ ÂVD xøÁ\BVÔ ÂDA˛º≈VD. ÷Ú©∏–D ÂVD ÷Á≈k–¬z© ∏´ƒV>D √Á¶©√>[ ºÂV¬ÔD ®[™?
Â\¬z cs|D ÷Á≈k–¬z ∂Õ> cÁk¬ ÔV‚Ω ∂]K^· zu≈D zÁ≈ÔÁ· sȬz˛º≈VD. Øı|, ÿk∫ÔVBD º√V[≈ c°© ÿ√VÚ^Ôπ_ >V\ƒ zD ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ∂]_ #E, >ÁÈxΩ º√V[≈ ∂ø¬zÔ^ søÕm ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. cÁkfl ƒÁ\©√kÏ ÿÔ‚¶ ®ı∫Ô”¶[ ƒÁ\B_ ÿƒFm ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. ÷©√Ω cs_ J[Æ kÁÔ¬ zÁ≈ÔÁ· ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï z§©∏|˛≈VÏ. ÷¬zÁ≈ÔÁ· ¿¬˛ ÂVD c° cı¶V_ ∂Õ> c° c¶_ ÂÈD, \™ ÂÈD, g[\ ÂÈD g˛BkuÁ≈ Â\¬z› >ÚD ®[Æ ºk>xD ÿƒV_K˛≈m. ºÔVs_Ôπ_ ØÁ¤ÁB© º√VȺk ∏´ƒV>D √Á¶©√mD ºÔVso[ ÷Á≈› >[Á\ÁB ∂]Ôˆ¬zD ®[Æ ∂–√k¸>ÏÔ^ ÌÆ˛≈VÏÔ^. E. x›m∑kVt, ]ÚÿÂ_ºko 1760) ‘ >VÕ]ˆ¬ ’ ®[–D \Õ]´ >Õ]´∫Ô^ ƒD√Õ>\V™
s≠B∫Ô^ tÔ°D \Á≈ÿ√VÚ·VÔ ÷Õ]BVs[ k¶˛w¬z© √z]l_ Ák¬Ô©√‚ΩÚÕ>>VÔ°D, Ô_Ô›>VÁkfl ºƒÏÕ> ¤Vı °‚º´V© ®[–D g∫˛ºÈB ¿]√] ŒÚkÏ >V[ ÷>Á™ ÿkπºB ÿÔVı| kÕ>VÏ ®[ÆD ®[ Âı√Ï ŒÚkÏ Ì§™VÏ. ÷m cıÁ\BV? ÷m√u§B s·¬ÔD >´ÈV\V? 13
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
÷\B\ÁÈl_ ÷ÚÕm J[Æ s>\V™ ƒV>Á™ ÿ§Ô^ ÷Á≈kÁ™ ∂Á¶•D kaÔ^ \M>zÈ›]uz ˛Á¶›m^·™. Œ[Æ QV™ ÿ§ gzD, ∂§° ÿ§ gzD. ÷´ı¶Vkm ºBVÔ ÿ§ gzD. ÷]_ Ek ka√V| ÿ√ÚD x¬˛B›mkD ÿÔVı¶m. J[≈Vkm >Õ]´D ®[–D ÿ§ gzD. ÷]_ ÿ√ÚD√VKD √´Vƒ¬] ka√V‚|¬zfl E≈©∏¶D cı|. ÂV[ ®[–D cÏ° ®∫˛ÚÕm º>V[Æ˛≈m ®[√Á> g´VB°D, º>¶°D ∂§°› #ı|>_, ºBVÔ ÿ§ #ı|>_, AÈM[√ #ı|>_ g˛BkuÁ≈ºB ÷DJ[ÆD z§©√>VÔ¬ ÿÔV^·ÈVD. ÷kuÆ^ >Õ]´D ®[√]_ AÈM[√∫ÔÁ· tzÕ> Ôk™›m¶[ ∂–√s¬Ô ºkı|D. ÷>uÔVÔºk ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ ka√V‚Ω_ ÔıV_ ∂w˛B ÔV‚EÔÁ·¬ ÔVb>_, ÔV>V_ ÷MB mig_ÁƒÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚¶_, º>VÈV_ ÷MB cÏ°ÔÁ· ÿ>V‚|Ï>_ (\ÈÏ, ƒV\´D) J¬ÔV_ ÂÆ\∫ÔÁ· xÔÏ>_ (ƒVD∏´VË ªm√›]) ÂV¬ÔV_ Âu∑ÁkÁB ∂–√s›>_ (∏´ƒV>D cıb>_) g˛BkuÁ≈© ∏[√uÆkVÏÔ^. ÷Á> √V´>›][ ˛w¬z, k¶˛w¬z √z]Ôπ_ WÁ≈B º√Ï ÂÁ¶xÁ≈l_ ∏[√u§ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^. Á√´s ∏´VD\Ë ®[≈ >Õ]´ ƒV›]´ gEˆÁB p´V\˛ÚiÚ¬z ÷flƒV›]´∫Ôπ_ √luE >Õ>m k´ÈVuÆ gÏ>Ï gÀÈV[ cıÁ\ gzD. ÷Ú√>VD ±u≈VıΩ_ g´D√ √›m gı|Ôπ_ Ô_Ô›>Vs_ cBÏ¿]\[≈ ¿]√]BVÔ ÷ÚÕ> ƒÏ ¤Vı c‚´V‡© ®[√kÏ gÏ>Ï gÀÈV[ ®[≈ AÁ™© ÿ√Bˆ_ ÷›>Õ]´ ƒV›]´∫ÔÁ· g∫˛È›]_ ÿ\Va ÿ√BÏ›>VÏ. ∂kº´ NÕm Aº´V˛>Á´© º√VÈ ºk‚Ω c|›] ÔV‚E ∂π›>VÏ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï √V_ \ˆBVÁ> ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> c‚´V‡© º√ŸÏ \¶xD kÕm ∂fiƒo ÿƒK›] ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ. √V´>© √ı√V‚Á¶ \‚¶D >‚Ω© º√EB nº´V©∏BÏÔ”¬z tÔflE≈Õ> √]ÈΩÁB ƒÏ ¤Vı c‚´V‡© ÿÔV|›m^·VÏ. ∂kÚÁ¶B ±_Ô^ ∂Á™›mD Ô[MBVz\ˆ ºÔÕ]´ ±ÈÔ›]_ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. ºÔ´·›]KD Ô[MBVz\ˆ \Vk‚¶›]KD ̶ ºÔVs_ ka√V‚Ω_ >Õ]´ ƒV›]´ ÿ§ ∏[√u≈©√|˛≈m. ºÔ´· \VWÈ ]ÚflÛˆ_ >Õ]´ ƒV›]´›]uzD ºk>›]uzD c^· ÿ>V¶ÏÁ√ g´V•D g´VFflE Á\BD √ËAˆ˛≈m. ∏´√V o∫ºÔi, º\È˛Úi[A#Ï, Ô[MBz\ˆ \Vk‚¶D 1761) ÔVEl_ ÷≈¬zD clÏÔπ[ ÔV]_ ‘ ´V\V ’ ®[Æ
Ekÿ√Ú\Vº™ ÿ¤∏›m º\V‚ƒD ∂π©√>VÔ ŒÚ nyÔD ÿƒV_È©√|˛≈m. ÷m Áƒk \>›][ *m ÁkkÏÔ^ g”Á\ ÿƒK›mD •¬] ®[˛º≈[, >V∫Ô^?
14
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºk>∫Ô”D, A´V∫Ô”D, Áƒk›Á>•D, Ákk›Á>•D ƒ\\VÔ¬ ÔÚ] √È ÷¶∫Ôπ_ º√∑˛[≈™. ka√V‚Ω[ x¬˛B›mk›Á>•D √¬]l[ gw›Á>•D ÔÚ]› >[ ÿ>FkD cBÏÕ>m ®[Æ º√∑D º√Vm ∏≈ ÿ>Fk∫ÔÁ· WÕ>Á™ ÿƒFB¬ ̶Vm. ÷Á> ∂¬M A´VxD kuAÆ›m˛≈m. g]ƒ∫Ô´Ï sibÁk•D, EkÁ™•D z§›m© √È º>V›]´∫ÔÁ· ÷ B u § c^·VÏ. ƒ∫Ô´ \¶∫Ôπ_ Ek–¬z© ØÁ¤ ÿƒFkVÏÔ^. ∂ku§[ m ≈ s Ô ^ √¬>ÏÔ”¬z gE ÌÆD º√VmD Ô Ω > ∫ Ô π [ ÷Æ]lKD ÂV´VBÁ™ WÁ™›m ka√|kVÏÔ^. ÷ÀkVÆ Áƒk, Ákk ƒ\›mk›Á>© º√∑km ÂD \>›][ E≈©A gzD. ÿ>[ √V´>›][ nB©√Á™ «ˆ«´∑>[ ®[Æ ÿÔVı¶V|˛º≈VD. nBV Ákzı¶Ï ®[≈ \ÔV[ Áƒk, Ákik ƒ\›mk›]uÔVÔ© √V|√‚¶ ÿ√ÚÁ\BV·Ï gkÏ. gÔºk ÷©√Ω©√‚¶ A´V¬ ÔÁ>Ôπ_ ∞u≈› >Vμ°¬z ÷¶D ÷_ÁÈ. ÔVEl_ \´D ∂Á¶Õ>kÏ ÔV]_ Ekÿ√Ú\V[ ´V\ÂV\›Á> mig_mk>VÔ p´V\˛ÚiÏ Ì§•^·VÏ. ∂kÏ ÔVÈ›]uz x[A ÷ÚÕ> A´V ÂD∏¬ÁÔÁB p´V\˛ÚiÏ cÆ]©√|›] c^·VÏ. ´Vº\¸k´›][ ´V\∏´V[ Ek–¬z¬ ºÔVs_ ®|›>Á> ÂVB[\VÏÔ^ º>kV´© √V¶_Ôπ_ √È >¶Ák z§©∏‚| c^·VÏÔ^. ÂD ÂV‚Ω_ cıÁ\BV™ √¬>ÏÔ^ ÔVEÁB•D, ´Vº\¸k´›Á>•D >ˆE¬Ô ºkı|D ®[Æ kuAÆ›>©√‚|^·m. ÷Á> s·¬zD ŒÚ ÔÁ> cı|. ŒÚ √¬>Ï ´V\∏´VM¶D º√VF ´V\ÂV>Ï ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ ´Vº\¸k´›]_ Ek[ s·∫z˛≈Vº´ ∂Õ>© ÿ√BÚ¬z ®[™ ÿ√VÚ^ ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ∂>uz ´V\[ ‘‘BVÁ´ ´V\[ >[–Á¶B ÂV>™VÔ, >ÁÈk™VÔ¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈Vº™V ∂Õ> Ekÿ√Ú\Vº™ ´V\ÂV>[ gkVÏ’’ ®[Æ √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. ÷º> ºÔ^sÁB Ekÿ√Ú\VM¶D √¬>ÏÔ^ ºÔ‚¶VÏÔ^. ∂>uz Ek[ ‘‘´V\Á™ BVÏ >[ ÂV>™VÔ¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈Vº´V, >ÁÈk™VÔ ∞u§Ú¬˛≈Vº´V ∂kº´ ´V\ÂV>[’’ ®[Æ √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. ÷º> ºÔ^sÁB ∏´D\Vs¶D √¬>ÏÔ^ ºÔ‚¶VÏÔ^. ∂kÏ Eˆ›m¬ ÿÔVıº¶ ‘‘BVÏ ´V\º™V ∂kº´ Ek[ (ÂV>[) BVÏ Ekº™V ∂kº´ ´V\Ï. ÷mºk ´V\ÂV>Ï ®[≈ ÿƒV_o[ ÿ√VÚ^’’ ®[Æ Ì§™VÏ. ÷Á≈k[ ŒÚkÏ. ∂kÏ √È ÿ√BÏÔ”¶[ s·∫z˛≈VÏ. ∞u≈›>Vμ°Ô‚z ÷∫z ÷¶D ˛Á¶BVm.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
15
ÂÔÏ©A≈ \VkÏ ÔÁÈ swV ÿ√uº≈VÏ gEˆBÏ kz©A
1762) g[*Ôfl ºƒÁk Aˆk>uz z|D√›]_ ÷ÚÕm kÚkm ®π>V™ ÔVˆB\V?
\™›]_ ys´ sÚ©√D ÷ÚÕ>V_ g[*Ôfl ºƒÁkÁB ÷_È≈›]_ ÷ÚÕ>√ΩºB ÿƒFB xΩ•D. sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]_ g•‚ÔVÈ› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔπKD mig_ˆÚkÏ ÷_È≈›>kÏ cı|. \u≈√Ω gEˆBÏÔ^, ƒJÔ ºƒkÔÏÔ^, c^jÏ› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^, √z]ºÂ´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ÷©√Ω √È WÁÈÔπ_ ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ÷_È≈›]_ ÷ÚÕ>√ΩºB E≈©√V™ √Ë guÆ˛≈VÏÔ^. √È z|D√∫Ôπ_ Ôk[, \Á™s, zwÕÁ> ®_ºÈVÚº\ g[*Ô› ÿ>Vı| WÆk™∫Ô”¶[ ºƒÏÕm Âu√Ë guÆ˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂ºƒV¬ z\VÏ, ºÔVs_√‚Ω
1763) \™ WÁ≈°, \™¬Ôi¶∫Ô”¬z g[*ÔD ®Õ> ∂·°¬z c√ºBVÔ©√|D?
\™D ºÂ´Ω ∏´flEÁ™Ô·V_ m[AÆkÁ>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD √ÁwB WÁ™°Ô·VKD, ®]ÏÔVÈ›Á>© √u§B ∂flƒ∫Ô·VKD m[AÆkº> ∂]ÔD gzD. √ÁwB ÔVÈ WÁ™°ÔÁ·© √VƒD ®[ÆD, ®]ÏÔVÈ sÚ©√∫ÔÁ· gÁƒ ®[ÆD √Ôk›ˇÁ> z§©∏|D. gÁƒ, √VƒD ®[≈ ±Æs>\V™ sÈ∫zÔ·V_ \M>ÏÔ^ Ô‚Ω© º√V¶©√‚| ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^. ÂuÔVˆB∫ÔÁ· ÷Á≈k[ WÁ™s_ guÆD º√VmD ÷Á≈kÁ™ºB ]BV™D ÿƒF•D º√VmD ÂD m[√∫Ô^ zÁ≈•D ®[≈ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ•D, m[√∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm \™D ∂ÔKDº√Vm ∞u√|D WÁ≈°D \™›]uz tzÕ> ƒVÕ]ÁB ∂π¬˛[≈™. gÔºk m[√∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm cw_√kÏÔ^ x>o_ ÷Á≈kM[ √ËÁB \™ÿ\V[§ ÿƒFm WD\] ÔVÈVD. ÷Á≈kÁ™ WÁ™ÕmD ¤√D, ]BV™D ÿƒFmD, Â[˚_ mig_]•D WD\] ÿ√≈ÈVD. ÔVC¸k´[, ´V¤√VÁ·BD
1764) √È •Ô∫Ôπ_ ÷Á≈k[ ∂k>V´D ®|›m √¬>ÏÔ”¬z¬ ÔV‚E >Õm^·>VÔ°D A´V∫Ô^ ÌÆ˛≈º>! ∞[ >uÿ√Vøm ¶¬zD Ôo•ÔD ÷Á≈k[ ÔV‚E >´ºkı¶V> •Ô\V?√VkD ÿƒF>kÏÔ^ AıËBD ÿƒF>kÏÔÁ· s¶ tÔ Â[≈VÔ kVμ˛≈VÏÔº· ∞[ ÷Õ> tÔ© ÿ√ˆB x´ı√V|?
÷Á≈ ∂k>V´D √È kaÔπ_ \M>Á™ Â_ka©√|›mD. ´ED\ ∂k>V´D, Ôº¤Õ]´k´>Ï º√V[Æ ÷Á≈kº™ c¶™ΩBVÔ kÕm √¬>ˆ[ m[√›Á>› yÏ©√m cı|. ´V\Vk>V´D º√V[Æ z´∫zÔÁ·•D, Ô´ΩÔÁ·•D #ıΩ s‚| \Ô›>V™ √Ë ÿƒFB Ák©√mı|. ˛ÚiV
16
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂k>V´D º√V[Æ ∂Ï…™–¬z ∂§Ák¬ ÿÔV|›m ∂kº™ >[ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ·› yÏ›m¬ÿÔV^· c>°km cı|. ´V\˛Úi ∂k>V´D º√V_ Â_È ®ıˬÁÔl_ ʶÏÔÁ· cÚkV¬˛ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ·› yÏ©√mı|. Ô∏È ∂k>V´›Á>© º√V_ >›>V›]º´BÏ ∂k>V´›Á>© º√V_ ∂≈±_Á· \¬Ô”¬z c√º>E›m ∂>[ ka Wu√kÏÔ^ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ· yÏ›m¬ ÿÔV^· kaºÔVKkm cı|. √È QVMÔÁ·› >Õm ∂kÏÔÁ· c>V´∫Ô·VÔ°D, c√º>ƒD ÿƒF√kÏÔ·VÔ°D ÔV‚|km cı|. ÷©√Ω© √VÏ›>V_ ÂD ÂV‚Ω_ ÷Õ>¬ ÔVÈ›]KD ∂k>V´∫Ô”¬z¬ zÁ≈ºk ÷_ÁÈ. ∂kÏÔ”Á¶B c√º>ƒ∫ÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚|ÏÕm ∂>[√Ω W[Æ \M>[ >[Á™ cBÏ›]¬ ÿÔV^kmD, ƒx>VB›Á> cBÏ›]¬ ÿÔV^kmD AÚ≠VÏ›>D ®™©√|D. ∂mºk ÷©º√Vm √B[√|km º>Ák©√|km! ®D. ÿƒ_s, \ÁÈBΩ¬z§flE, ºÔVs_√‚Ω
1765) ƒV›]_ ∏^Á·BVÏ ∏Ω¬zD º√Vm ∂>[º\_ ∞[ ∂ÚÔDA_ÁÈ Ák¬˛≈VÏÔ^?
ºk>›]ºÈºB #ÏkVÛ¬>D ®[≈ ∂ÚÔDA_o[ m] kÚ˛≈m. ∂ÚÔDA_ tÔ cBÏÕ> kluÆko \ÚÕm gzD. ÿ√ÚD√VKD ÿ>Fk∫Ô”¬z© √Á¶¬Ô©√|˛≈ \ÈÏÔ”D, ºkÏÔ”D, ÔVF, ÔMÔ”D √¬>ÏÔ”¬zD \Ú›mk© √BÁ™ >Ú√ÁkBVÔºk ÷Ú¬zD. ÷Á≈ ka√V| \Ú›mk √B[ ka√V‚Ω_ ®πÁ\ g˛B √È Âuz∫Ô^ ∂ÚÔDA_ ka√V‚Ω_ ∂¶∫˛ c^·m. ÷Õm\>›]_ ÷BuÁÔ ka√V| x¬˛B\V™m. E. ‹ÈV, º√B∫za, Ô[MBVz\ˆ \Vk‚¶D
1766) ºÔVso_ kƒÕ> \ı¶√D ®[Æ Ák›]Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂>uz s·¬ÔD ®[™?
clˆ™∫Ô^ √_˛© ÿ√ÚÔ c>°D kƒÕ>ÔVÈD √Á¶©∏_ tÔ© AM>\V™m. Ôı[ √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ Úm¬Ôπ[ (√Úk∫Ôπ_) ÂV[ kƒÕ>ÔVÈ\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛º≈[ ®[Æ ÌÆ˛≈VÏ. clÏÔ^ √_˛© ÿ√Úzk>uz› º>ÁkBV™ ∂wzÏflE ÷BuÁÔl_ ÿ>πkVÔ› ÿ>ˆ•D√ΩBVÔ \´∫Ô^ ®_ÈVD, ÿƒΩÔ^ ®_ÈVD Ø›m¬ zK∫zkm kƒÕ> ÔVÈD gzD. ∂©º√Vm ºÔVso[ c^º·ºBV ∂_Èm ºÔVsK¬z ÿkπºBºBV E≈©√V™ zπÏÕ> ØÕº>V‚¶›]ºÈºB ªfiƒ_ º√V‚| ∑kVtÁB•D, º>sÁB•D ®øÕ>Ú·fl ÿƒFkVÏÔ^. E≈©A ka√V|D ¶¬zD. ÷›>ÁÔB kƒÕ> \ı¶√∫Ô^ ºÔVsK¬z c^º·ºB ∂Á\kmD cı|. ÿ>VÁÈs_ ØÕº>V‚¶›][ Â|s_ ∂Á\kmD cı|. p´V\V–¤Ï ŒÀÿkVÚ √Úk›]uzD (÷´ıΩ´ı| \V>∫Ô^ ÿÔVı¶ gÆ Úm¬Ô”¬zD) cˆB ]ÀsB ∏´√Õ>© √V¶_ÔÁ· mig_mk>uÔVÔ kz›m¬ ÿÔV|›]Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ∂›>ÁÔB √V¶_ÔÁ·fl E≈©√VÔ mig_mkmD cı|. ÿ√VmkVÔ ®_ÈV© ÿ√ˆB ºÔVs_ÔπKD kƒÕ> \ı¶√D ∂Á\Õ]Ú¬zD.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
17
ƒ›]B √V\V, ºÔVs_√‚Ω
1767) ˛´V\∫Ô^ ÷Õ]BVs[ xmÿÔKDA g™V_ ˆB_ ®¸º¶‚ ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ ∂kuÁ≈ ∂a¬˛º≈Vº\V? ÷Á> ®©√Ω› >|©√m?
÷>uz √È >·∫Ôπ_ E˛flÁƒ ∂π¬Ô ºkı|D. \¬Ôπ¶D c¶_ cÁw©A¬z \ˆBVÁ> zÁ≈Õm kÚ˛≈m. ∂·°¬z *§ ÷BÕ]´∫ÔÁ·fl ƒVÏÕm ÷Ú©√>V_ c¶_ \Õ>D ∂Á¶Õm √È ºÂVFÔ^ ÿ√Úz˛[≈™. ÿ√Ú˛ kÚD \¬Ô^ ÿ>VÁÔl[ ÔV´\VÔ ŒÀÿkVÚkÚ¬zD cˆB sÁ·flƒ_ WÈ›][ ∂·° zÁ≈Õm ÿÔVıº¶ º√V˛≈m. ÷m cÈ˛_ √B∫Ô´\V™ c° ÿÂÚ¬ÔΩÁB cı¶V¬Ô© º√V˛≈m ®[Æ n.ÂV. ƒ∫ÔD √È >¶Ák cÈÔ \¬ÔÁ· ®flƒˆ›m kÕ]Ú¬˛≈m. Â_È sÁ·flƒ_ WÈ\VÔ¬ ÔV‚| WÈ›Á> \VuÆkm ®π>_È. >ˆ∑ WÈD, ÔV‚| WÈD, \ÁÈ WÈD, >VMB∫Ô^ sÁ·•D WÈ\VÔ \VÆk>uz, WÈ›][ º\_ \ı √>©√|k>uz, √È ±u≈Vı|Ô^ ∏Ω¬zD. ∂›>ÁÔB Â_È WÈ›Á> ÿƒ∫Ô_ ÛÁ· º√V|km, T| Ô‚|km º√V[≈ ºkÆ √B[Ô”¬z \VuÆkm \M>zÈ›]uzfl ÿƒFB©√|D tÔ© ÿ√ˆB mº´VÔD gzD. Â_È WÈ›Á> ºkÆ √ËÔ”¬z \VuÆ˛[≈ ºkÔ›]_ ƒV>V´ WÈ›Á> >VMBD sÁ·•D WÈ\VÔ \Vu≈ xΩBVm. ÷Õ> s≠B›]_ ÿ>Va_ k·ÏflE ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ √È ∂§QÏÔ”D ̶ ÷Õ> g√›Á>› >k≈VÔ ®Á¶ º√V‚ΩÚ¬˛≈VÏÔ^. sÁ·flƒ_ WÈ›Á> ºkÆ √B[Ô”¬z¬ ÿÔVı| ÿƒ_kÁ>› >|¬zD ƒ‚¶∫Ô^ ÂV‚Ω_ WÁ≈B ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. Èfiƒ ªw_ JÈD ÷flƒ¶∫zÔ^ *≈©√|˛[≈™. √´kÈV™ sa©AÏ°, mig_´·°¬z kuAÆ›>_, Ô‚¶VB©√|›m>_, >ıΩ›>_ ÷ku§[ JÈD >V[ WÁÈÁ\ÁB Ô‚|¬z^ ÿÔVı| k´ xΩ•D. ÷_ÈVs‚¶V_ c°© √fiƒD √B∫Ô´\V™ xÁ≈l_ cÈÁÔ© ∏Ω›m¬ ÿÔV^”D.
÷©√¬Ô›]uÔV™ s·D√´ W] c>s sºkÔV™Õ>V ÷[¸Ω‚R‚ g‡© o∫¬s¸Ω¬ ¸˛_¸ ∏Á´ºk‚ (o‚) ÿƒ[Á™ä600 049
18
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
÷>B›Á>› ]Ú|D ÷MB ÔÁ>Ô^
∞¬ÂV›˜ ̧Bm
1771) Œ[Æ ºƒÏ¬Ô xB_kVBVÔ; AmflƒV] ºkı¶VD
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´xD ∂>[ ƒ¬]¬ºÔu√ ∂·s_ ÂV‚Ω_ c^· √u√È g[*Ôfl ƒ¬]ÔÁ· º>ƒ© A™Ï WÏ\V›]uÿÔ™ Œ[Æ ºƒÏ¬Ôºk xB[Æ kÚ˛≈m. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï >[ ÿƒVÕ>¬ ÿÔV^ÁÔ ®[Æ ®Á>•D ∏´flƒV´D ÿƒFBV\_, ºk> c√W¶>¬ ÔÚ›m¬ÔÁ· cÈÔ \¬Ô”¬z ®|›m¬Ì§, ÂD ÷Õ]B √wDÿ√ÚD EÕ>Á™Ô”¬z Am ŒπÁB•D, c›ºkÔ›Á>•D ª‚Ω™VÏ. ∂kÏ ÷Às>D ÿƒB_√|ÁÔl_ ºkÆ EÈ ÷¶∫Ôπ_, ʶÏÔ^ >∫Ô^ zÚ\VÏÔ”¬z ŒÚ A]B º√VÏÁkÁB© º√Vu§, ∂kÏÔ^ ŒÚ Am \>©∏ˆÁkºB º>VuÆs¬Ô kÕ> gƒV[Ô^ ®[Æ ÿ√VF© ∏´flƒV´D ÿƒFB xu√‚¶™Ï. ÷Õm ƒJÔ›Á>© A™´Á\›m º\D√|›> ºkı|D ®[≈ ʈB ºÂV¬Ô›]Á™¬ ÔÚ›]_ ÿÔVıº¶ ¸kVt >BV™Õ> ƒ´¸k] gÏB ƒ\V¤D ®[≈ ¸>V√™›Á> WÆs™VÏ. g™V_ ¶Õ>m ®[™? gÏB ƒ\V¤D ÷Õm \>© ∏ˆ°Ô”¬z^ º\KD ÷[ÿ™VÚ ∏ˆkVÔ g˛s‚¶m. ÷mº√VȺk zÚÂV™¬ º>VuÆs›> ∂Á\©AD, ∂kÏ ºÂV¬ÔD ys´ ÿ>Fk √¬] c^·xD, ®]Ï©Afl ƒ¬]•D ÿÔVı¶ ÷Õm ƒJÔ›Á> ¸>V∏¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√º>. g™V_ ÷>[JÈD ŒÚ Am \>º\ (ʬ˛B \>D) º>V[§ ∂Á>fl ƒVÏÕ>kÏÔ^ >V∫Ô^ ÷Õm¬Ôº· ∂_ÈÏ ®[Æ Ì≈°D >ÁÈ©√‚¶™Ï. 1938ä39äD gı|Ôπ_ ÷Õm¬Ô^, gÏB ƒ\V¤›]™Ï, ʬ˛BÏÔ^ ÷kÏÔπÁ¶ºB ƒıÁ¶•D, ƒflƒ´°Ô”D ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈™. 1940äD gı| ®|›> ¤™›ÿ>VÁÔ¬ ÔË©∏[ º√Vm, gˆB ƒ\V¤›]™Ï >∫ÔÁ· ÷Õm¬Ô·VÔ¬ Ô¬˛¶ \Æ›m >∫ÔÁ· ‘gÏBÏÔ^’ ®[Æ Ì≈ÈVl™Ï. ÷Õm ƒJÔ›Á> ÷Á›m, ƒV]ÔÁ·•D, ∏ˆ°ÔÁ·•D ∂Ôu§|D xBuEÔ^ BV°D x§BΩ¬Ô©√‚| s‚¶™. ÷Ú¬zD ƒV]Ôº·V| º\KD Œ[Æ ºƒÏÕm^·Á>ºB ÂVD ÷[Æ ÔVı˛º≈VD.
20
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
1772) \´›Á> \≈¬Ô xΩ•\V?
sº™V√V˜ ̧Bm
\´›Á> \≈©√>uÔV™ xBuE ®_ÈVs¶∫ÔπKD JÏ›>[MB\VF ¶Õm ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈m. g™V_ ÷>™VÿÈ_ÈVD \´›Á>› >sÏ¬Ô sBK\V? ºÂuÆ >VF ÷≈Õ> ÿ√Vøm \´D ®]ˆºÈ kÕm W[≈º>! \M>[ ∂fiƒVm \´›Á>¬ z§›mfl EÕ]›m ∂Á>¬ Ô¶©√>uÔV™ kaÁB¬ Ôı| ∏Ω¬Ô› mËk]_ÁÈ. ŒÚ \VÁ™ ŒÚ E∫ÔD m´›]¬ ÿÔVı| º√V˛≈m. mÚmÚ ÿk[§Ú©√>VÁÔBV_ \V[ ÂVuÔV_ √VFflƒo_ mig_|˛≈m. g™V_ º√VÔ© º√VÔ ∂>[ ƒ¬] zÁ≈Õm ÿÔVıº¶ º√VF, ∂m ÷Æ]l_ ÔÁ·›m© º√V˛≈m. ∏[™VºÈV E∫Ôÿ\[≈ ®\[ mig_Ω kÕm ÿÔVıº¶ ÷Ú¬˛≈m. ∂flƒ\B›]_ ∂D \VM[ WÁÈ ®ÀkV§Ú¬zD? E∫Ô›][ √¬ÔD √VϬԺk ∂>uz xΩBs_ÁÈ. ∂m >Á´l_ >[ ÿÔVDAÔÁ·•D, xÔ›Á>•D AÁ>›m¬ ÿÔVı| W´V>´kVF W[Æ s|˛≈m. ÷©ÿ√Vøm ¿ kÕm ®[Á™fl ƒV©∏¶ÈVD ®[Æ ∂Áw©√m º√VoÚ¬˛≈m ∂m W[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zD WÁÈ. ÂVD \´›Á> ÂD ®]ˆ_ √VÏ¬Ô sÚDAk]_ÁÈ. ∂>[ ÁÔloÚÕm >©Ak>uÔVÔ gl´D c√VB∫Ô^, •¬]Ô^ ÿƒF> º√V]KD ∂m >[ º√´Vu≈o™V_ ÷Æ]l_ ÂD Ôø›Á>© ∏Ω›m ÿ§›º> s|˛≈m.
ƒÕ]´ ∑kVt c>V¢[ ̧Bm
1773) \∫Ô· \´D
√¬ÔV´[ ∂x>ÂV>[ \ÔV›\V yϬÔV•s ä¶D º√V™V[. ∂kˆ¶D ∂Ω¬ÔΩ ÿÔfiE >™¬ÿÔVÚ \∫Ô·Ô´\V™ kV¬˛B›Á> ®ø]¬ ÿÔV|¬Ôºkı|D ®[Æ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ∂Õ> \∫Ô·Ô´\V™ gÊÏkV> kV¬˛B›Á> ∂x>ÂV>[ >[ T‚Ω_ Ák›m √È >ÁÈxÁ≈Ô”¬z ØÁ¤ ÿƒFkV[. \ÔV›\V yϬÔV• ŒÚ ÔV˛>›Á> ®|›>VÏ. ∂]_ ∏[ kÚ\VÆ ®ø]™VÏ. 1) >ÕÁ> ÷≈Õ>VÏ, 2) \Ô[
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
21
÷≈Õ>V[, 3) º√´[ ÷≈Õ>V[ ®[Æ ®ø]¬ ÿÔV|›>VÏ. ÷Á>© √Ω›>mD ∂x>ÂV>–¬z tzÕ> √BD cı¶VluÆ. ∂k[ ∂øm ÿÔVıº¶ ÿƒV[™V[. nBV ®[ z|D√›]uz \∫Ô·Ô´\V™ gEÔÁ· ®ø]› >ÚD√Ω ÂV[ ºkıΩº™[. g™V_ ¿∫Ôº·V ÿ√ˆB ƒV√›Á>¬ z§¬zD ÿƒVuÔÁ· ∂_ÈkV ®ø]¬ ÿÔV|›m ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^ \ÔV›\Vºk! yϬÔV• gμÕ> EÕ>Á™•¶[ ̧™VÏ. Â[z EÕ]›m© √VÏ. ®_ºÈVÚD ŒÚÂV^ \´D ∂Á¶Bºk ºkı|D. g™V_ >ÕÁ> \´D ∂Á¶k>uz x[√VÔºk \Ôº™V ∂_Èm º√´º™V \´D ∂Á¶Õm s‚¶V_ ®Àk·° ∂\∫Ô·\VÔ ÷Ú¬zD? \´D ∂Á¶BV\_ BVÚº\ ®fiElÚ¬Ô© º√Vk]_ÁÈ. ∂>™V_ x>o_ >ÕÁ> ∏≈z \Ô[ ∂©A≈D º√´[. ÷Õ> kˆÁƒl_ z|D√›]_ \´∫Ô^ WÔμÕ>V_ ÷m ŒÚ gÊÏkV>º\ ∂_ÈkV?
÷¬ÔÁ>l[ >›mkD: xMkÏÔπ[ kV¬˛_ gÊÏkV>D, ´ÔEB\VÔ
\Á≈Õm ˛¶¬˛≈m. ∏≈Õ>k[ ÷≈©√m WflƒBD. \´\V™m \M> k·ÏflE¬z tÔ°D ∂kEB\VzD. g™V_ kˆÁƒ >k§B \´D \∫Ô·›Á>¬ z§¬ÔVm.
EÚ∫ºÔˆ ƒ∫Ô´VflƒVˆBVÏ Ì§Bm
1774) ®ı∫Ôº· kVμ¬ÁÔÁB cÚkV¬zD
ˆ≠√[ ®[≈ \[™–¬z √´>[ ®[≈ J›> \Ô[ ÷ÚÕ>V[. ˆ≠√–¬z© ∏≈z √´>[ \[™[ g™V[. √´>M[ \Á™sl[ ÿ√BÏ √Vfiƒ¤M. √´>[ >Ú\ ƒV›]´∫ÔÁ·¬ Ôu≈§Õm ∂ku§[√Ω >[ ÂV‚Á¶ gı| kÕ>V[. \¬ÔÁ· ∂[A¶[ ¶›]™V[. \¬Ô”D >∫Ô^ Ô¶Á\ÔÁ· Œø∫ÔVÔfl ÿƒFm kÕ>VÏÔ^. >∫Ô^ \[™[ *m \¬Ô”¬z© ÿ√ÚD \]©A ÷ÚÕ>m. √´>[ √È BVÔ∫ÔÁ·fl ÿƒFm kÕ>V[. sib √ÔkVÁ™ ka√‚¶V[. ¿ı¶ ÔVÈD Â_ÈV‚E ÿƒF>∏[ >[ \Ô[Ô”¬z ÂV‚Á¶¬ ÿÔV|›ms‚| >kD ÿƒFB© º√V™V[. ∂k[ >kD ÿƒF> ÷¶D Ôı¶˛ Â]¬ÔÁ´l_ ∂Á\Õ> ƒVo¬˛´V\D ®[≈ ÷¶D gzD.
22
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
√´>[ >kD ÿƒF•D º√Vm ŒÚ \V[ ŒÚ z‚ΩÁB© º√V‚| s‚| ÷≈Õm º√V™Á>¬ Ôı¶V[. ÔÚÁ ÿ√V∫Ô ∂Õ> \VÁ™ ®|›m ∂[A¶[ k·Ï›>V[. ∂k[ \´D ∂Á¶•D Ô›]KD ∂Õ> \V[z‚ΩÁB© √u§B ÔkÁȺB ∂k[ \™›]_ º\ÿÈøÕm W[≈m. ÷Õ>© √uÆ>o[ ÔV´\VÔ ∂k[ ŒÚ \V™VÔºk ∏≈©ÿ√|›>V[. ]ÚD√°D ƒVo¬ ˛´V\›]uz© º√VF >[ \´D kÚD kÁ´ ÔV›m ÷ÚÕ>V[. ŒÚ ∂Õ>ˆ[ Œº´ \Ô™VÔ \Æ∏≈s ®|›>V[. ∂k–¬z› >[ √ÁwB ∏≈sÔ^ ®_ÈVD WÁ™s_ ÷ÚÕ>™. ∂>™V_ ®Õ>© ÿ√VÚπ[ *mD √uÆ>_ Ák¬Ô¬Ì¶Vm ®[√Á>¬ Ôk™\VÔ© ∏[√u§ kÕ>V[. >kD ÿƒFm ÷Á≈kÁ™ ∂Á¶Õ>V[. ∂k[ ÿkπ© √VÏÁk¬z ŒÚ ∂Ω\Á¶BÁ™© º√VÈ º>Vu≈D ∂π›>V[. g™V_ ∂k–Á¶B ∂Ω\™º\V ÷Á≈B§° ª§› ÿ>πÕm ÷ÚÕ>m. √´>M[ c≈s™ÏÔ^ ∂kÁ™ ŒÚ x‚¶V^ ®[Æ ÔÚ] ∂È‚EB\VÔ Â¶›]™Ï. ŒÚ ÿÔV^Á·¬ÔV´[ √´>Á™ >[ ÿ>Fk›]uz© √oÿÔV|¬Ô xBuE ÿƒF>V[. ÔVπ √´>Á™¬ ÔV©√Vu§ √ÁÔkÏÔÁ· ∂a›m s‚¶V^. EÕm ƒÀT´V ÂV‚| \[™[ ŒÚ √_Ȭ˛_ ∞§© º√VzD º√Vm √_Ȭz #¬˛Ô^ √´>Á™ ŒÚ \Á¶B™VÔ WÁ™›m ∂kÁ™•D \[™M[ √_ȬÁÔ› #¬zD√Ω ÿƒF>™Ï. √´>–D xbxb¬ÔV\_ √_ȬÁÔ› #¬˛™V[. ∂k[ #¬˛B √¬ÔD ∂Ω¬ÔΩ zK∫˛Bm. \[™[ ∂kÁ™ kÁƒ √VΩ™V[. \[™[ *m ÷´¬ÔD ÿÔVı¶ √´>[ \[™–¬z ÷Á≈QV™›Á> c√º>E›>V[. zı|, Œ_o ®[√m c¶DÁ√¬ z§¬zD. g›\VÁk¬ z§¬ÔVm. c¶_ \ıV_ g™m. √_ȬzD \ıV_ g™m. √_Ȭz› #¬˛Ô”D \ıV_ ÿƒFB©√‚¶kÏÔ^. ÂV[ ®Á>•D ÿƒFk]_ÁÈ ∏´ÎÁQ Œ[º≈ ƒ›]B\V™m. \u≈ÁkÿB_ÈVD ÿkÆD º>Vu≈∫Ôº·. \[™[ √´>xMkˆ[ c√º>ƒ›>V_ ÿ√ÚD √B[ ∂Á¶Õ>V[. √u≈u≈ kVμ¬ÁÔ kVμÕ> √´>[ c¶DÁ√ s‚| x¬] ∂Á¶Õ>V[. ÷Õ> kÁÔ x¬]¬z sº>Ô x¬] ®[Æ ÿ√BÏ. √´>M[ \™º\ ∂k–Á¶B \Æ∏≈s¬zD ÔV´D, QV™›]uzD ÔV´D, x¬]¬zD ÔV´D. Á\›´VBË c√W≠>D ÌÆ˛≈m. \™D ÷´ı| kÁÔ©√|D. gÁƒÔ”D, sÚ©√∫Ô”D \™›Á> ∂ø¬ÔV¬zD. gÁƒBu≈ \™D #FÁ\BV™m. ∂ΩÁ\©√|k>uzD ∑>Õ]´D ∂Á¶k>uzD \™º\ ÔV´D. ÿ√VÚ^Ôπ_ √uÆ ÿÔVı¶V_ \™D sÈ∫ÔV_ Ô‚|©√|˛≈m. ®ı∫Ô·u≈ \™D s|>ÁÈ ∂Á¶˛≈m. √´>M[ √uÆD, √u§[Á\•D ∂k–¬z© ∏≈sÁB•D ∂a›>™, x¬]ÁB•D ÿÔV|›>™.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
23
1775) x‚¶V^ sBV√Vˆ•D, √ˆƒ ºk]•D
´V>V¸kVt ƒ›ƒ∫Ô›]™Ï ̧Bm
xMkÏ >∫ÔƒVt sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>VƒM[ T‚|¬z kÕ]ÚÕ>VÏ. sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ xMkˆ¶D ÿÔfiE™V[. nBV ®[–Á¶B sBV√V´D √|›m s‚¶m. ÂV[ ∞Áw gº™[. ÷Õ>© √B∫Ô´\V™ kÆÁ\ÁB Œa›m ®[*m ÔÚÁ ÔV‚|∫Ô^. xMkÏ >∫ÔƒVtl[ \™›]_ ÔÚÁ ÿ√V∫˛uÆ. ∂kÏ √ˆƒºk] ®[–D \Õ]´¬Ô_ÁÈ ∂Õ> ∞Áwl¶D ÿÔV|›>VÏ. ÷¬Ô_ÈV_ ÷ÚDA x>oB sÁÈ zÁ≈Õ> cºÈVÔ∫ÔÁ·› ÿ>V‚¶V_ ∂Ák >∫Ô\V˛s|D. ÷Õ> \Õ]´¬Ô_ÁÈ c™¬z J[º≈ J[Æ \V>∫Ô^ ÿÔV|›m Ák¬˛º≈[. ∂>uz^ WÁ≈B >∫Ô›Á> cı¶V¬˛¬ ÿÔV^. ∂>uz© ∏≈z \VB¬ Ô_ÁÈ ]ÚD√°D ®|›m¬ ÿÔVı| s|ºk[ ®[≈VÏ. \˛μflE•¶[ \Õ]´¬ Ô_ÁÈ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ÿ√uƬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ÔÁ¶›ÿ>Ú°¬z© º√VF √ÁwB ÷ÚDA ®[™ sÁÈ ®[Æ sƒVˆ›>V[. ±Æ ˛ºÈV ∞ø ‘√VF ®[Æ √]_ ˛Á¶›>m. º√V™ \V>D ±Æ ˛ºÈV sÁÈ nÕm ‘√VBVÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. ÷Õ> \V>D sÁÈ ÌΩs‚¶m ®[≈V[ ÔÁ¶¬ÔV´[. sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ºBVE›>V[. sÁÈ cBÏÕm ÷Ú¬zD º√Vm ÷ÚDÁ√ kV∫zkm x‚¶V^>™D. ÷ÚDA sÁÈ zÁ≈•D kÁ´ ÂV[ ÔV›]Ú©º√[. ∂|›> \V>D sÁÈ zÁ≈•D. ∂Õ> ∞Áw x‚¶V·VÔ°D ÷ÚÕ>V[. ±Æ ˛ºÈV ÷ÚDÁ√ >∫Ô\VÔ \Vu§™V_ ®Àk·° ÿƒ_kD ˛Á¶›]Ú¬zD! ŒÚ\V>D Ôa›m s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ \Æ√Ω•D ÔÁ¶›ÿ>Ú°¬z© º√VF ÷ÚD∏[ sÁÈÁB sƒVˆ›>V[. √ÁwB ÷ÚDA sÁÈ ±Æ ˛ºÈV°¬z √]Á™Õm ‘√VBVÔ cBÏÕ]ÚÕ>m. s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ºBVE›>V[. ÷Àk·° cBÏÕ> sÁÈ ÿÔV|›m √ÁwB ÷ÚDÁ√ kV∫zk>V? ÷[–D ÿÔVfiƒD ÔV›m ÷ÚÕ>V_ ÷ÚDA sÁÈ zÁ≈•º\. J[≈VD \V>D ÷ÚDA sÁÈ ÷Ú√m ‘√VF g˛s‚¶m. º\KD ÔV›m ÷Ú¬Ô s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ xΩ° ÿƒF>V[. g™V_ ∂Õº>V √ˆ>V√D! xMkÏ >∫ÔƒVt J[Æ \V> ÔVȬÿÔ|°¬z© ∏[ ]ÚD∏ kÕ>VÏ. \VB¬Ô_ÁÈ© ∏|∫˛¬ ÿÔVı| º√VFs‚¶VÏ. sBV√Vˆ s_È∫Ô>Vƒ[ ∞μÁ\lKD, kÚ›>›]KD x[A º√VȺk cw[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>V[. Ô¶°^ Â\¬z¬ ÿÔV|›]Ú¬zD kVμÂV^ ÷Õ> \VB¬Ô_ gzD. ∂m Â\¬z¬ ˛Á¶›]Ú©√m Ô¶°π[ ∂Úº·. Â\¬z^º· Ô¶°º· ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ. ∂kÁ´ ÂVD Ôı|∏Ω¬ÔVs‚¶V_ ÂDÁ\©º√V_ m´]Úi¶ƒVo √ˆ>V√›m¬zˆBkÏ ºkÆ BVÚD ÷_ÁÈ.
24
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
1776) >[ \>º\ cBÏÕ>m ®[≈ cıÁ\ÁB¬ Ôı|∏Ω›> A›]ƒVo
zÚÂV>Ï Ô¶È©√ˆ[ gE´\›]uz ŒÚ sÚÕ>Vπ kÕ]ÚÕ>VÏ. sÚÕ>Vπ ˛uÆÂV>Ï >[ \´›Á>© √u§ s·¬˛¬ ̧™VÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ Ô¶°·V_ º>ÏÕÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶ E≈©A \M>ÏÔ^ ®[≈VÏ ˛uÆÂV>Ï. Ô¶_ÂV>Ï ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ¿∫Ô^ ÌÆk>[ ÿ√VÚ^ ®[™? ˛uÆÂV>Ï √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. cÈ˛_ c^· \¬Ô^ ∂Á™kˆ¶D ÷ÚÕmD ÷Á≈k[ ®∫ÔÁ·ºB E≈©Afl ʶÏÔ·VÔ º>ÏÕÿ>|›m^·VÏ. zÚÂV>Ï Ô¶_ÂV>Ï xÔ›Á>› ÿ>V∫Ô© º√V‚¶√Ω Ì§™VÏ. ÷Õ> \Ô›>V™ cıÁ\ÁB¬ Ôı|∏Ω›>mD ¿∫Ô^ >Vº™? >∫Ô^ ÔÚ›Á>ºB cÈ˛_ c^º·VÚD ∏[√u§™V_ \‚|º\ cÈÔD ∏Áw¬zD ®[Æ WÁ™©√m >V[ ∂∑´ÏÔπ[ º√V¬z ®[√VÏ sº™V√V.
1777) \>›Á>¬ zƬÔVyÏÔ^
cÈ˛[ \VxMkÏÔ^ \M>ÏÔ^ √≈ÁkÔÁ·© º√VÈ ∑>Õ]´\VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|D. \ÈÏÔÁ·© º√VÈ \ÈÏÕm ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D ®[ÿ≈_ÈVD ÌÆkVÏÔ^. zÚÂV>Ï Ai√«VƒÏ ÷¬ÔÚ›Á> ∂©√ΩºB ∏[√uÆ√kÏ. ∂kÚÁ¶B gE´\›]uz ∂Ú˛_ ÷ÚÕ> √¬ÔV´Ï z‚Á¶ ∂©√Ï gE´\›]uz ŒÚ ÔΩ>D ®ø]™VÏ. zÚÂV>º´ c∫Ô^ gE´\›]uz© √≈ÁkÔ^ >ıßÏ zΩ¬zD ∂wz¬ z·D Œ[Æ Ô‚¶ ÂV[ Â[ÿÔVÁ¶ >Õº>[. ∂Õ> ∂wz¬ z·›]_ E‚|¬ zÚsÔÁ·› >ıßÏ zΩ¬Ô ∂–\]¬Ô ºkı¶VD ®[Æ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔV^˛º≈[. \>D \V§BkÏÔ^ >V[ ÷Õ>¬ ˛u§_ >ıßÏ ®|¬ÔÈVD ®[Æ ÿƒV_K˛[≈ º√ÏkaÔ^ ÷[–D ÷Õ> cÈÔ›]_ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏÔ^.
1778) ÂVxD ∂mº√V_ >V[
º¤.∏. kV¸kVM ̧Bm
z©AƒVt x>_ >¶ÁkBVÔ ´l_ √BD ÿƒF>V[. ∂k[ √Bfl ∑Á\ 50 ˛ºÈV gzD. ´l_ s]l[√Ω 40 ˛ºÈV kÁ´ Ô‚¶D ˛Á¶BVm. *>x^· 10 ˛ºÈV°¬z¬ Ô‚¶D ÿƒK›> ºkı|D. z©AƒVt ŒÚ >Õ]´D ÿƒF>V[. 40 ˛ºÈV ƒV\VÁ™ ´l_ÿ√‚Ωl_ ˇºw Ák›>V[. *>x^· 10
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
25
˛ºÈV ∑Á\ÁB >[ >ÁȺ\_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. 10 ˛ºÈV ∑Á\ÁB >ÁÈl_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı| ¿ı¶ #´D √BD ÿƒF>V[. ∂©º√Vm √BflÊ‚| ºƒV>Á™ ÿƒF√kÏ ∂Õ>© ÿ√‚Ω¬z^ O Áw Õ >V Ï. z©AƒVtÁB© √VÏ›m ∞[ ¿∫Ô^ ∑Á\ÁB >ÁÈl_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı| c‚ÔVÏÕm ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^ ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. z©AƒVt nBV Ô‚¶D ÷[§ ÿÔVı| º√VÔ¬ÌΩB 40 ˛ºÈV ƒV\VÁ™ >Á´l_ Ák›º>[. *>x^· 10 ˛ºÈVÁk ÂVº™ ∑\Õm ÿƒ_˛º≈[ ®[≈V[. √ˆºƒV>ÔÚ¬zfl Eˆ©A kÕ>m. c∫Ô^ ∑Á\ xøkÁ>•D ÷Õ> ´l_ ®Õ]´D >V[ ÷ø›mfl ÿƒ_˛≈m. c∫Ô^ ƒV\VÁ™› >Á´l_ Ák›>VKD, >ÁȺ\_ Ák›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VKD, ÷fl∑Á\ÁB ®_ÈVD ∑\©√m ´l_ºk ®fiE[ >V[. gÔºk ÷Õ> 10 ˛ºÈV ∂]Ô©√Ω ƒV\V–¬z ¿∫Ô^ Ô‚¶D ÿƒK›]›>V[ gÔºkı|D. ÷Õ> x‚¶V^ √BËÁB© º√V_ >V[ ÂVxD ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD. ÂD E[™fiEÆ kVμ¬ÁÔfl ∑Á\ÔÁ· ÂD >ÁȺ\_ Ák›m ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD. ®_ÈVfl ∑Á\ÁB•D ÷Á≈k[ >V[ >V∫˛¬ ÿÔV^˛≈V[ ®[Æ ∂§km ÷_ÁȺB.
º¤.∏. kV¸kVM ̧Bm
1779) kVF©√V √BxÆ›>ÈV?
ÿ√ˆB kÏ›>Ô WÆk™›][ su√Á™ º\ÈV·Ï T´©√[ >[ WÆk™›Á>© √u§ ºBVE›m© √VÏ›>VÏ. ®Õÿ>Õ> \Vk‚¶∫Ôπ_ su√Á™ zÁ≈Õm ÷Ú¬˛≈º>V ∂Õ>Õ> \Vk‚¶ su√Á™© ∏´]W]ÔÁ·¬ Ì©∏‚¶VÏ. ŒÚ \VÂV| ¶›]™VÏ. \VÂV‚| º\Á¶l_ ∑ku§_ ŒÚ ÿ√ˆB ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>D Œ‚¶©√‚| ÷ÚÕ>m. ∂>[ Â|s_ ŒÚ ÔÆ©A© A^π Ák¬Ô©√‚| ÷ÚÕ>m. >[ su√Á™ ∏´]W]Ô^ ŒÀÿkVÚk´VÔ¬ Ì©∏‚¶VÏ T´©√[. c∫Ô^ x[™V_ ®[™ ÿ>ˆ˛≈m ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ®_ºÈVÚD ŒÚ ÔÆ©A© A^π ÿ>ˆ˛≈m ®[Æ ÿƒV[™VÏÔ^. T´©√[ ]ÚD√›]ÚD√¬ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ºkÆ
26
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∞>Vkm ÿ>ˆ˛≈>V? ®_ºÈVÚD ÔÆ©A© A^π \‚|D >V[ ÿ>ˆ˛≈m ®[≈VÏÔ^. T´©√[ √]_ ÿƒV[™VÏ. ÂDxÁ¶B ºƒVÔ¬ÔÁ>ºB ÷m>V[. ÂVD ®_ºÈVÚD ÔÆ©A© A^πÁB ÔVı˛º≈VD. ÷Õ>¬ ÔÆ©A© A^π ®Õ> ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>›]_ kÁ´B©√‚| ÷Ú¬˛≈º>V ∂Àk·° ÿ√ˆB ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>›Á> ÂVD √VÏ©√º> ÷_ÁÈ. c∫Ô^ su√Á™ √z]¬z› ]ÚD√fl ÿƒ_K∫Ô^. ÔÆ©A© A^πÔÁ·© √VϬÔVyÏÔ^. ÿk^Á·¬ ÔV˛>∫ÔÁ·© √VÚ∫Ô^. ∂flƒJ‚|D g√›m¬ÔÁ·© √VϬÔVyÏÔ^. ÈV√D >ÚD kVF©A¬ÔÁ·© √VÚ∫Ô^ ®[≈VÏ T´©√[.
1780) ÿku§l[ ´ÔEBD
º¤.∏. kV¸kVM ̧Bm
ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´[ ºkÈ©√[ >[ kÁÈl_ ŒÚ E[™© √≈ÁkÁB© ∏Ω›>V[. ∂Á>¬ ÌıΩ_ ∂Á¶›>V[. Ìı|© √≈Ák ]œÿ´[Æ ∂kM¶D º√EuÆ. ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´º™! ÂV[ ŒÚ E§B √≈Ák. ®[™V_ c∫Ô”¬z ÈV√D ˛Á¶BVm. ®[Á™¬ ÿÔV[Æ ][≈V_ c∫Ô”¬zfl E§>·ºk \VtƒD ˛Á¶¬zD. ®[Á™ ¿∫Ô^ s|>ÁÈ ÿƒF•∫Ô^. ÌıÁ¶› ]≈Õm ®[Á™ ÿkπºB s|∫Ô^. ÿku§l[ J[Æ ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ· ÂV[ c∫Ô”¬zfl ÿƒV_o› >Ú˛º≈[. ∂Õ> ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω›>V_ ¿∫Ô^ ÿƒ_kxD, k·xD, ÿku§•D ÿÔVı| s·∫zTÏÔ^. ]ÁÔ©√Á¶Õ> ºkÈ©√[ ÌıÁ¶› ]≈Õm √≈ÁkÁB ÿkπºB s‚¶V[. ∂©√≈Ák √≈Õm º√VF ŒÚ \´›][ cflEl_ c‚ÔVÏÕm ÿÔVı¶m. >V[ ̧B√Ω J[Æ ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ· ∂k–¬z¬ Ôu∏›>m. x>_ ´ÔEBD ä c∫Ô”Á¶B ÿ√Vm ∂§°¬z sº´V>\V™ ®Á>•D ∂kƒ´©√‚| ∞uƬ ÿÔV^·VyÏÔ^. ÷´ı¶Vkm ä ÷wÕ> ÿ√VÚÁ·© √u§ kÚ›>©√¶VyÏÔ^. J[≈Vkm ä ÿƒFm xΩ¬Ô ÷BÈV> ÔVˆB›]_ c∫Ô^ ƒ¬]ÁB Tı ÿƒFBVyÏÔ^. ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´[ ºkÈ©√–¬z ®ˆflƒ_ kÕ>m. ¿ ŒÚ ∂u√© √≈Ák. c[Á™ ÂV[ ÌıΩ_ ÷ÚÕm ÿkπl_ s‚ΩÚ¬Ôºk ̶Vm. ∂>™V_ ŒÚ √B–D ˛Á¶BVm.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
27
√≈Ák √]K¬zfl ÿƒV[™m. √B[ ˛Á¶BV>V? ®[ ÷>B›Á> ÿk‚Ω› ]≈Õ>V_ ∂]_ tÔ©ÿ√ˆB Ák´¬Ô_ Œ[Æ √]›]Ú©√Á> √VϬÔÈVº\. ºk‚Á¶¬ÔV´[ ºkÈ©√Á™ º√´VÁƒ ∏Ω›m¬ ÿÔVı¶m. ∂k[ \´¬˛Á·Ôπ[ *m ∞§™V[. EÆ √≈ÁkºBV √≈Õm º√VF ∂|›> \´›][ *m c‚ÔVÏÕ>m. ˛Á·¬z¬ ˛Á· >V°D º√Vm ºkÈ©√[ ˇºw søÕm ÔVÁÈ x§›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. ∂©√≈Ák \´›][ cflEl_ ÷ÚÕm ˛ZflE‚¶m. ÿku§l[ J[Æ ´ÔEB∫ÔÁ·› ]ÚD√fl ÿƒV_˛º≈[. c[ ÿ√Vm ∂§°¬z© ÿ√VÚÕ>V> ®Á>•D ºƒV]›m© √VϬÔV\_ ÂD√Vº>. ®∫ºÔBVkm √≈Ákl[ ÷>B›]_ Ák´¬Ô_ ÷Ú¬z\V? ¿ ®[ x>_ s]ÁB¬ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω¬Ôºk ÷_ÁÈ. ∂|›> s] ÷wÕ> ÿ√VÚÁ·© √u§ kÚ›>©√¶Vº> ®[√m gzD. ®[Á™¬ ÌıΩ_ ÷ÚÕm s|s›m s‚| ∂Á>©√u§ kÚ›>©√‚¶VF. ÷m Tı ºkÁÈ >Vº™? J[≈Vkm s] ä ÿƒFB xΩBV> ºkÁÈÁBfl ÿƒFB xBuE √ıVº>. \´›]_ ÷Ú¬zD √≈ÁkÁB© ∏Ω¬Ô xBuE ÿƒF>VF. ˇºw søÕm ÔVÁÈ ŒΩ›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VF. ®™¬z ºÂ´\V˛ s‚¶m. kÚ˛º≈[. ÷Mº\ÈVkm ÂV[ ÿƒV[™ √V¶∫ÔÁ· kVμ¬ÁÔl_ ÔÁ¶©∏Ω¬Ô xBuE √ıb.
Ôo ä 5113 Ô´ kÚ¶D Á> \V> NÕm© √ıΩÁÔÔ^
2012 ¤™kˆ 14 x>_ ∏©´kˆ 12 kÁ´
15.01.2012 ä ÿ√V∫Ô_ √ıΩÁÔ, 16 ä Ô– \V‚|© ÿ√V∫Ô_, ∂´sÕ> gE´\ ∂[Á™BVÏ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, ¸kVt ∏´D\V™Õ>Ï ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, 22 ä Á> ∂\VkVÁƒ ƒx›]´ ¸ÂV™D, 23 ä ºÂ>V˜ ∑√V¸ ƒÕ]´º√V¸ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, 25 ä º>ÊB ∑uÆÈV ÂV^, 26 ä zΩB´∑ ]™D, 27 ä √[™V‚| º«VºÈVÔV¸‚ º√´asuz ÷ȬÔVº™VÏ WÁ≈° ]™D, 28 ä ÈVÈVȤ√› ´VF ∏≈Õ> ÂV^, 30 ä ´>ƒ©>t ¨i\Ï T|AzÕ> ÂV^, \ÔV›\VÔVÕ] WÁ™°ÂV^, ]BV˛Ô^ ]™D, cÈÔ ÿ>VøºÂVF Œa©A ÂV^. 02/02/2012 ä cÈÔ ƒm©A WÈ ÂV^, 4 ä k_È√VflƒVˆBVÏ ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ / cÈÔ AuƺÂVF ]™D, 07 ä Á>©ØƒD ÿk^π \ÁÈ p´V\˛ÚiÏ ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ zD√V∏º≠ÔD, z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D.
28
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ƒ∫Ô´[ºÔVs_ ä ∂[™ØÁ¤
®ø]BkÏ ä ˜. ÂVÔƒVt
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
p˛ÚiÏ ∂k>ˆ›> AıËB ]™\V™ 21.08.2011 QVlÆ ∂[Æ √fiƒ ¸>È›]_ Œ[≈VÔ ÷Ú¬˛[≈ ƒ∫Ô´Âl™VÏ ºÔVso_ c^· ÿ´‚ΩBVÏ ]Ú\ \ı¶√›]_ Ák›m tÔfl E≈©√VÔ ∂[™ØÁ¤ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m. ]BVÔ›]™V_ ∂x>D ∑´¬zD ®[≈ √wÿ\Va¬ºÔu√ ]BVÔ›][ ÿ√VÚÁ· Â[z cÏÕ> \¬Ôπ¶D ÷ÚÕm 3400 ˛ºÈV ∂ˆE ºƒÔˆ¬Ô©√‚¶m. ºÔÕ]´© √ËÔ”¬z ÷MÁ\R‚|˛[≈ kÁÔl_ ∑\VÏ 35 ÷Á·QÏÔ^ ∂ˆE ºƒÔˆ¬zD √Ël_ >∫ÔÁ· ~|√|›]¬ ÿÔVı| ÷©√ËlÁ™fl ÿƒF>™Ï. ÷ÀkVÆ ºƒÔˆ¬Ô©√‚¶ ∂ˆEÁB \ÁȺ√V_ zs›m ∂]_ ∂[™ØÏV º>sÁB ∂È∫ÔV´›m¶[ gkV«™D ÿƒFm ∂Á™kÚ\VÔfl ºƒÏÕm g]ƒ∫Ô´Ï ∂ÚπB ∂[™ØÏV ¸º>V›]´D \uÆD √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ c^· s¸k‘√ >ˆƒ™D x>okuÁ≈ √¬]© ØÏk\VÔ mig_]™Ï. ∂>[ ∏[™Ï Áºk›]B \Õ]´›]uz© ∏[ ]Ú\] ÔÈV´VË \uÆD ]Ú\] ÿk^π\VÁÈ g˛ºBVÏ g´›] ®|›>™Ï. x[™>VÔ ÷ÕWÔμflEÁB ]Ú\] \ÔVº>s ∂kÏÔ^ ]Ús·¬ºÔu§› mk¬˛ Ák›>VÏÔ^. ÷]_ 120 º√Ï ÔÈÕm ÿÔVı¶™Ï. ÷ÕWÔμflEl_ ]Ú. ºk_xÚÔ[ gEˆBÏ ∂kÏÔ^ ∂Á™kÁ´•D k´ºkuÆ© º√E™VÏÔ^. ]Ú. ´VDƒ[ ]Ú. gÏ. x›m¬ ˛Úi[ ∂kÏÔ^, ÔVB›Z ÿ¶¬¸ ]Ú. ∞.s. ´s ∂kÏÔ^, kw¬Ô§QÏ ]Ú. ƒıxÁÔBV ∂kÏÔ^ g˛ºBVÏ kVμ›mÁ´ kw∫˛™VÏÔ^. ºÔÕ]´›][ J›> ƒºÔV>´Ï Â. ˛ÚiJÏ›]˜ \uÆD ºÔÕ]´ ˛´V\ x[º™u≈› ]‚¶fl ÿƒBÈÏ ]Ú. ∂FB©√[˜ g˛ºBVÏ E≈©AÁ´ gu§™VÏÔ^. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï √¶¬ÔıÔV‚E•D, ∑kVt˜l[ kVμ¬ÁÔ √u§B zÆÕ>Ô| Œπ, Œo¬ ÔV‚E•D E≈©√VÔ ]Ú. g©ÿ¶¬ ºƒÔÏ ∂kÏÔ^ ÿƒF]ÚÕ>VÏ. WÔμflEl_ ÔÈÕm ÿÔVı¶kÏÔ”¬z ºÔÕ]´›][ ƒVÏ√VÔ WÁ™°© √ˆ∑Ô^ kw∫˛ ÿÔ·´s¬Ô©√‚¶m. ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶Ï ]Ú. g©ÿ¶¬ ºƒÔÏ ∂kÏÔπ[ Â[§•Á´¬z© ∏[™Ï WÔμflE ÷Mº> WÁ≈°u≈m. ºÔVs_√‚Ω ˛Á·› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ \uÆD √VÈÏ√^π gEˆÁBÔ^ E›´Vº>s, ÔÈVº¤V], \ºÔ¸kˆ, ÿ¤BÊÈV, ƒ´¸k] g˛ºBVÏ ÷ÕWÔμflE¬z ºkıΩB ∞u√V|ÔÁ·fl ÿƒF>™Ï. ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ∂[™ØÁ¤ ∏´ƒV>D kw∫Ô©√‚¶m.
30
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
Â_Èz|D√D ŒÚ √_ÔÁȬÔwÔD
÷_È›Á> ÷M>V¬zkm ®m?
gƒV ÿ´‚Ω
∂´sÕ>–¬z ∂KkÈÔ›]_ ÂV^ xømD ÔΩ™\V™ ºkÁÈ. ÿk©√D ºkÆ, gÁ·¬ ÿÔ”›]uÆ. ÔVÁÈl_ ∂k[ ºkÁÈÁB g´D∏›>]_ ÷ÚÕº> Œ[ƺ\ ƒˆBVÔ ∂ Á\ B s _ ÁÈ . E[™flE[™ s ≠ B ∫ Ô π _ ƒÔ©√ËBV·ÏÔ”¶[ Ø ƒ _ ˛·D∏uÆ. EÈ x ¬ ˛ B \V ™ ºÔV©A¬ÔÁ· ∂k™V_ º>Ω cˆB ºÂ´›]_ Ôı|∏Ω¬Ô xΩBs_ÁÈ. >ÁȺkÆ ∂k–¬z ko¬Ô› ÿ>V¶∫˛Bm. ®©º√Vm ÷Õ> ÂV^ xΩ•D ®[§ÚÕ>m ∂k–¬z. ∞ÿ™M_ ÂVπ[ xΩs_ ∂k[ >[ ÷MB ÷_È›]uz© º√VkÁ> gkK¶[ ®]ϺÂV¬˛ ÷ÚÕ>V[ ä >[ ÷MB ÷_È›]uz ]ÀBV°¬z ®©º√VmD √^π¬Ì¶D º√Vkm ŒÚ ∑ÁkBV™ ∂–√kD. g™V_ ÷[Á≈B ]™D ŒÚ s]sȬz. ∂k^ ÿƒFBV> zu≈›]uz gEˆBÏ ∂kÁ·¬ ÔıΩ›>VÏ. ∂k”Á¶B clÏ›º>Va ∂k”¶[ xÔD ÿÔV|›m© º√ƒs_ÁÈ. ∂k”¬z ®ˆflƒÈVÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. m¬ÔD ÿ>VıÁ¶ÁB ∂Á¶›m¬ ÿÔVı| kÕ>m. ÔÁ¶E \Ë•D ∂Ω›>º√Vm ∂k”¬z ‘∂©√V¶V’ ®[§ÚÕ>m. ÿ√ÚJfl∑¶[ ∂k^ >[ A›>Ô© Á√l_ ºÂV‚|© A›>Ô∫ÔÁ· ∂Á¶›m¬ ÿÔVı¶V^. WD\]•D ®]ϺÂV¬Ô ∂k”¬z ÷ÚÕ>m ä ÷_ÈD ä ÷MBº>VÏ ÷_ÈD. ÷_È›Á> ÷MB ÷_È\VÔ g¬zkm ®m? ∂w˛B Ô‚Ω¶\V, º>V‚¶\V? Â_È Â_È º\Áƒ, ÂVuÔVo, ºƒV√V ÿƒ‚¶V? ƒÁ\BÈÁ≈ t[ ÔÚsÔ·V? zπÏ ƒV>™© ÿ√‚ΩBV, t[ ∂|©√V, ∏´≠Ï z¬Ô´V? ÷_ÁÈ ä \M>ÏÔ^ >V[ ÷_È›Á> ÷MÁ\BV¬z˛≈VÏÔ^. ÷_È›][ z”Á\, ÿÂÚ¬ÔD, ∂[MºBV[MBD, \˛μflE ÷kuÁ≈© √˛ÏÕm ÿÔV^k>V_ ÷_È›][ g™Õ>xD, ÷MÁ\•D kÚ˛[≈™. g™V_ ÷›>ÁÔB ŒuÆÁ\ c^πÁƒ° >Vº™ kÕm s|\V ®[™? (k´Vm) ∂>uÿÔ™ xBuE
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
31
ÿƒFB ºkı|D. ŒÚkÁ´ ŒÚkÏ \]¬Ô ºkı|D. ÿ√VmkV™ ~|√V|ÔÁ·, ∏≈Ï√V_ ÷´¬Ô›Á>, ÷[√∫ÔÁ·, √˛ÏÕm ÿÔV^˛[≈ \™©√V∫z ºkı|D. ºkÆ kVÏ›Á>Ôπ_ ̧™V_ ŒÚs> Âu√ı∏Á™© ∏[√uÆkm º>Ák. AÔμÿ√u≈ g∫˛È ®ø›>V·Ï ∞.º¤. ¬º´VM[ ÌÆ˛≈VÏ. √È©√È ‘‘±u≈Vı|Ô·VÔ z|D√ ∂Á\©√V™m, \M>zÈ›][ Âuz∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔV›m k·Ï©√]KD, √ı√V‚ΩÁ™ k·Ï›m cÚkV¬zk]KD x>_ ÿ√VÆ©∏Á™ k˛›m kÚ˛≈m. ®∫ÿÔ_ÈVD z|D√ ∂Á\©A TˆB›m¶–D, ŒuÆÁ\•¶–D ÿƒa›m› ]Ôμ˛[≈º>V ∂∫ÿÔ_ÈVD ÂVD kK°^· ƒx>VB›Á>, gº´V¬˛B\V™ ƒx>VB›Á>¬ ÔVÈVD. ÷m √BxD, WD\]l[Á\•D ÷_ÈV> ÔVÈD. ÂDÁ\fl ∑u§ ®]ˆ© √Á¶Ô·V_ Ûw©√‚¶ \¬Ô^, >MºB ÷Ú©√>VÔ°D, ÷Úı¶ ÷¶›]_ ÷Ú©√>VÔ°D, Œm¬˛› >^·©√‚| ÷Ú©√>VÔ°D cÏ˛[≈™Ï. ÷¬ÔVȬԂ¶›]_ ∂kÏÔ^ >DÁ\¬ ÔV›m¬ ÿÔV^kmD ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ∂π©√mD z|D√ ∂Á\©º√. \V–¶ ÔıËB›Á>•D kVμs[ ÂVÔZÔ›Á>•D ÔV¬Ô Ák¬Ô, z|D√ ∂Á\©º√ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ Â‚ƒ›]´\VÔ s·∫z˛≈m. ŒÚ z|D√D º√Vu≈ ºkıΩB tÔ x¬˛B\V™ Âuz\VÔ, Œπ° \Á≈s_ÈV> ºÂÏÁ\ÁB ÂVD z§©∏¶ÈVD. ∂m ÷_ÈV\_ ŒÚ z|D√›Á> ÂD\V_ Ôu√Á™ ÿƒFm √VÏ¬Ô xΩBVm. ŒÚ ƒx>VB›]_ ÂVD kVμkÁ> ÂD\V_ WÁ™›mD √VÏ¬Ô xΩBVm. ®πÁ\BVÔfl ÿƒV[™V_ ºÂÏÁ\ ®[√m, ÂVD cıÁ\ÿB[Æ ÔÚmkÁ>ºB ÿƒV_km, ÂVD ÿƒ_kÁ>ºB cıÁ\ ®[Æ ÔÚmkÏ. ÂVD ŒÚkÁ´ ŒÚkÏ ∞\Vu≈V\KD, ŒÚkÚ¬ÿÔVÚkÏ ÿ√VF ÿƒV_ÈV\KD ÷Ú©√m. ∂>[ c‚ÿ√VÚ^ ®[™? ÂVD ®>M¶›mD ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zD √Vƒ ∂[A \™©ØÏk\V™m. ®Á>•D ÂVD AÔμÕm ºÂÏÁ\BV™m. ÷¬z›Á>, EÆ zwÕÁ>© √Úk›]ºÈºB ÂVD ∂kÏÔ”¬z^ WÁÈWÆ›] s¶ºk|D. ÷>Á™ ÂD\V_ Ôu∏¬Ô xΩBVm. ÔV‚Ω¬ ÿÔ|¬Ô›>V[ xΩ•D. Œπ° \Á≈ku≈ ºÂÏÁ\ÁB ÂVD kVøD s>›][ JÈD >V[ Ôu∏¬˛º≈VD. ŒÚ gEˆBÏ, ŒÚ \Vk[ ÿ√VF ÿƒV_k>VÔ¬ zu≈D ƒV‚Ω™VÏ. ∂©Á√B[ ÿ√ÚÁ\•¶[ √]KÁ´›>VÏ ‘‘®∫Ô^ T‚Ω_ BVÚD ÿ√VF ÿƒV_È\V‚º¶VD.’’ ºÂÏÁ\ >ÚD √È›]™V_ ÂVD kVμs_ >ÁÈWtÏÕm ¶¬Ô xΩ•D. zwÕÁ>Ô^ ÿ√uº≈VÏÔÁ· ÂÔÈΩ©√kÏÔ^. ∂kÏÔ^ ÷B_√VÔºk, ÿ√uº≈VÏ ÿƒFkm º√V_ >V–D ÿƒFkÏ. ÷m ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ^ *m ÿ√ÚD ∑Á\ÁB© º√V|˛≈m. ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ^ zwÕÁ>Ô^ ®[ÿ™[™ Âuz∫ÔÁ·© ∏[√u≈ ºkı|D ®[Æ WÁ™¬˛≈VÏÔº·V ∂ku§[√Ω ∂kÏÔ”D ¶Õm ÿÔV^· ºkı|D. ¶¬zD º√VmD, º√∑D º√VmD ∂kÏÔº· zwÕÁ>¬z x[ c>V´∫Ô·VÔ s·∫z˛[≈™Ï. √È ƒ\B∫Ôπ_ ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ^ zwÕÁ>Ôπ¶D ‘ÿ√VF ÿƒV_ÈVº>’ ®[Æ Ì§s‚| c¶º™ kVƒo_
32
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
kÕ]Ú©√kÏÔπ¶D ‘∂©√V T‚Ω_ ÷_ÁÈ’ ®[Æ ÌÆD√Ω ÿƒF˛≈VÏÔ^. zwÕÁ>Ô^ zw©√D>V[ ∂Á¶˛[≈VÏÔ^. ‘‘T‚Ω_ >V[ ÷_ÁÈ ®[Æ ∂©√V c∫Ôπ¶D ÌÆD√Ω ®[M¶D ÿƒV[™VÏÔ^’’ ®[Æ ŒÚ zwÕÁ> ÿƒV_km Â\¬z ∞u√‚|^· ∂–√kD >Vº™. ÷Õ> kVμ¬ÁÔl_ \ÁÈÔÁ·ºB A´‚Ω© º√V‚| Ô™°ÔÁ· ™kV¬zD cıÁ\BV™ \VBV¤VÈD Œ[º≈ Œ[Æ >V[ cı|. ∂Õ> \VBºkÁÈ >[Á™ºB ÂDAkm>V[. >DÁ\ºB ÂDA√kÏÔ^, ƒkV_ÔÁ·fl ƒÕ]¬Ô >\¬z ƒ¬] cı| ®[Æ ÂDA√kÏÔ^ \‚|º\ kVμ¬ÁÔÁB Á>ˆB\VÔ ®]ÏÿÔV^· ÷BKD. >[Á™ ÂDAD ®kÚD ®Á>•º\ ƒV]›m s¶ÈVD. EÈ \V>∫Ô‚z x[A g¸]ˆB ÂV‚| ÿ¶[M¸ sÁ·BV‚| T´Ï >V\¸\¸¶Ï ∏ÿ´fi∑ ÂV‚|© ÿ√Vm sÁ·BV‚|© √‚¶›Á> ÿk[≈VÏ. ÷Õ> gıΩ[ Ôπ\ı sÁ·BV‚¶´∫Ô T´ÏÔ”^ >ÁÈE≈Õ>k´VÔ°D ∂kÏ sÚD∏™VÏ. g™V_ ∂kÏ ŒÚ ÿ√ÚD s√›]_ E¬˛¬ ÿÔVı| s‚¶VÏ. \Ú›mkÏÔ^ ∂k´V_ ¶¬Ôºk xΩBVm ®[Æ ÔÚ›m› ÿ>ˆs›>VÏÔ^. ÿ¶[M¸ sÁ·BV|km ®[≈ º√flºƒ ®ws_ÁÈ. g™V_ ∂kº´V ÿÂfi∑´D, \™c¶_ cÆ], ∑BxBuE ÷ku§[JÈD ∂kÏ >[ mÁ≈l[ x>_ ÷¶›]uºÔ ]ÚD√ ®øD∏fl ÿƒ[≈VÏ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ ÿƒVuÔπ_ ÌÆkÿ>[≈V_ ÿ>Fk›Á> ÂD√V>k[ ÂV›]Ô[ ®[Æ √ÁwB \>∫Ô^ ̧™. >[Á™ºB ÂD√V>k[>V[ ÂV›]Ô[ ®[Æ A]B ºk>∫Ô^ AÔ_˛[≈™. ŒÚ zwÕÁ>l¶D ∑B ƒVÏ∏Á™ ª¬zs¬Ô ÿ√uº≈V´V_ ∞>Vkm ÿƒFB xΩ•\V? xΩ•D. zwÕÁ>l[ ÷B_√V™ ]≈Á\Ô”D, ÁÔ›]≈–D ®∫ºÔ ÿ√V]Õ]Ú¬˛[≈™ ®[Æ √VÏ›m, ∂kuÁ≈ √ÈkÕ>t[§ k·Ï›ÿ>|©√]_ >V[ ÷>[ ´ÔEBD ŒπÕm ˛¶¬˛≈m. zwÕÁ>l[ ]‚¶∫ÔÁ·•D, gÁƒ sÚ©√∫ÔÁ·•D ∂m ÌÆDº√Vm, ÂVD Ôk™›m¶–D, \ˆBVÁ>•¶–D ∂kuÁ≈¬ ÔVm ÿÔV|›m¬ ºÔ‚Ô ºkı|D. ∂Ák ®Àk·° ®πÁ\BVÔ› º>V[§™VKD xΩÕ> º√Vÿ>_ÈVD ∂Ák ™kVÔ, zwÕÁ>¬z ÂVD c>s ÿƒFB ºkı|D.
\V. ∞¬ÂV›˜ WÁ™° ÂV^
ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D kV∑º>k Â_ŸÏ, \Vÿ>VÚ √V]B[ ∂Ï›> ÂVZ¸k´Ï gÈBD ]Úº\Mfl E≈©AD ºÔVs_ ∂wzD ÿÔVı¶m gzD. ÷∫z ¶Õ> Œ[§B ∂·sÈV™ ˛´V\©A≈ √ı√V‚|© º√V‚Ωl[ º√Vm \¬Ô^ ºÔVs_ ∂≈∫ÔVkÈÚD, ºÔÕ]´ ∂[√ÚD g˛B ]Ú. EkQV™D >ÁÈÁ\l_ \V. ∞¬ÂV›˜ ∂kÏÔ”¬z ∂fiƒo ÿƒK›]™Ï. √ı√V‚|© º√V‚Ω•D ∂wÔVÔ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m. ∞u√V|D, >ÔkKD ˜. ÂVÔƒVt
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
33
ƒ›]BxD >V™xD
s. ´V\ÂV>[
Âuz k·ÏflE
ÂD NÕm >›mk›]_ ƒ›]BxD >V™xD Ô‚¶Á·Ô^ ∂_È. g™V_ EÈ ∂Ω©√Á¶ÔÁ· ÷Õ>© AM> ÂV‚Ω_ Ô∫ÁÔ, BxÁ™, ÔVºkˆ ÂV‚Ω_ ∏≈Õ> ÂVD ∏[√u§ Œøz˛[º≈VD. x>ÈVkmD ∂]x¬˛B\V™mD ƒ›]B›Á>© ∏[√u§ ¶›>_ v›Bº\k¤Bº> ¶›>_. ƒ›]Bº\ ÿk_KD, ®[√º> ÂD º>ÊB È‚EB kVƒÔD. ÷mºk, WÏkVÔ›]KD >MÂ√Ï kVμsKD, ∏≈Ú¶[ √wzk]KD ÂDÁ\ ka¶›mD >›mkD gzD. ƒ›]BD º√∑ (ƒ›BD k>) ®[≈ Á>›]ZB c√W≠> kV¬z Â_kVμ°¬z kaÔV‚Ω gzD. º√´a°¬ ÔVÈ›]KD ƒ›]B›Á>© ∏[√u§ kVμk>uz x>[Á\BV™ c>V´D ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´M[ ÔÁ>. sıbÈÔ› º>kÏÔ^ ÂD ]≈Á\ÔÁ·fl ºƒV]›m© √VϬ˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂©√Ω©√‚¶ ƒÕ>Ï©√∫ÔÁ· cı| √ıb˛[≈VÏÔ^. ƒ›]B, >Ï\© √VÁ>l_ ÷ÚÕm ÂVD ∏≈μÕm s¶ gÁƒ ÔV‚|˛[≈VÏÔ^. >[ ÿÔV^ÁÔÔπ_ mÚk ‚ƒ›]´›Á>© º√VÈ ∂ÁƒBV\_ Wu√k[>V[ cıÁ\ \M>[. ∏≈Ú¬z x[\V]ˆ º√Vu≈›>¬Ôk[ ∂kº™. «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ÷©√Ω©√‚¶kº™. ÂDt_ √ÈÚ¬z ∂k[ ÔÁ> ÿ>ˆÕ]Ú¬zD. ÷Ú©∏–D ∑Ú¬Ô\VÔfl ÿƒV_KºkVD ÷[ÿ™VÚ xÁ≈. \[™[ «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ÂV‚Á¶•D, \¬ÔÁ·•D ∂≈ÿ§©√Ω ƒ › ] B D > k ≈ V \ _ g ı | k Õ > V [ . ∂k–Á¶B ÂV‚Ω_ kÆÁ\ ˛Á¶BVm. z Ω \ ¬ Ô ^ \˛μflE•¶–D, ]Ú©]•¶–D kVμÕm kÕ>™Ï. ∂k–Á¶B ´V¤zÚ kEi¶Ï WÏkVÔ s≠B∫ÔπKD, g[*Ô s≠B∫ÔπKD ∂k–¬z ∂§°Á´ ̧kÕ>VÏ.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
35
s∑kVt›]´Ï ≥›]ˆB zÈ›]_ ∏≈Õ>>V_ ∂kÚ¬z ∏´D\ˆ¥ ®[≈ √‚¶D ˛‚¶s_ÁÈ. ∂kÏ ∏´D\ˆ¥ ®[Æ AÔμÿ√u≈ kEi¶Á´© √VÏ›>]_ ÿ√V≈VÁ\ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. √È >¶ÁkÔ^ s∑kVt›]´ÚD, kEi¶ÚD ®]Ï®]Ï ∂ËÔπ_ W[≈™Ï. ŒÚ c>V´D. ]ˆƒ∫z°¬ÿÔ™ s∑kVt›]´Ï A]B ∑kϬԺÈVÔD √Á¶›>_, ]ˆƒ∫zs[ ´V¤zÚ kEi¶Ï ÷Às´ı| ∂§kVπÔπ[ ؃_ ¿ı¶ÔVÈD ÿ>V¶ÏÕm ¿Ω›>m. kEi¶º´ >[ kVBV_ s∑kVt›]´Á´ ∏´D\ˆ¥ ®[≈Áw›>∏[ >V[ ÷Õ>© ∏¬z yÏÕ>m. ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ŒÚ ÿ√VF ̶fl ÿƒV[™]_ÁÈ ®[√]_ ´V¤zÚ kEi¶Ú¬z© ÿ√Út>D cı|. ÷flƒkVÁÈ ∞uƬ ÿÔVı| s∑kVt›]´Ï «ˆflƒÕ]´Á™© √ˆºƒV]¬Ô gÁƒ©√‚¶VÏ. \[™Ï «ˆflƒÕ]´M¶D s∑kVt›]´Ï ŒÚ √ˆ∑ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. kV¬zÆ] >Õ> ´V¤V, >[ ÂV‚Á¶ºB ÿÔV|¬Ô ºkıΩ kÕ>m. ∂DxMkÏ \[™M[ √VÁ>l_ ÷[–D ÷Á¶fiƒ_ÔÁ· cı¶V¬˛, \[™Á™•D, ´VËÁB•D ∂kÏÔ^ A>_kÁ™•D >[ ∂ΩÁ\Ô^ g¬˛¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ÷›m[√∫Á·•D, ∂k\V™∫ÔÁ·•D «ˆflƒÕ]´[ >V∫˛¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. >[ gıÁ\¬zD, clÚ¬zD, kVμ¬ÁÔ¬zD ∞u√‚¶ ∂k\V™∫ÔÁ· ∂k[ >V∫˛¬ ÿÔVı¶V[. g™VKD ƒ›]BD >k≈V\_ W[≈V[. ºÔV√xu≈ xMkÏ, kV´VE \BV™›]_ «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ŒÚ ÌoBV·VÔ ºkÁÈ ÿƒF•D√Ω WBt›>VÏ. «ˆflƒÕ]´[ >[ √ËÁB¬ ÔıbD ÔÚ›m\VÔ gu§™V[. \BV™›]_ ®ˆR‚¶©√‚¶ ∏∫Ôπ[ Ô¬ÁÔ Ák›]ÚÕm, xMkÚ¬zfl ºƒ´ºkıΩB ÿ>VÁÔÁB kÛo›m¬ ÿÔV|›m kÕ>V[. >Ï\©√VÁ>l_ \[™[ >k§[§ ¶©√Á>¬ Ôı¶ xMkÏ, ∂k[ \Á™sÁB•D, \ÔÁ™•D ŒÚ √¬ÔV´ sBV√Vˆ¬z sÁȺ√E, ºÔV√›]_ suÆ s‚¶VÏ. ∂ÀsÚkÚD T‚| ºkÁÈ ÿƒFm ∏Áw›>™Ï. ÷ku§_ ®_ÈVD xMkÏ ]Ú©] ∂Á¶Bs_ÁÈ. E™›]™V_ ∂kÏ, \[™M[ \ÔÁ™ ŒÚ s≠©√VDA ÔΩ¬Ôfl ÿƒF>VÏ. ∏›Á>© AÁ>¬Ô \[™M[ \Á™s \BV™›m¬z© º√V™V^. ´V¤V°¬zD, ´VˬzD ŒÚkÁ´ ŒÚkÏ ∂Á¶BV·D ÿ>ˆBs_ÁÈ. ∏›Á>© AÁ>¬zx[ xMkÚ¬z¬ ÿÔV|¬Ô ºkıΩB Ô‚¶›Á>› >´ºkı|D ®[Æ \BV™fl ºƒkÔ[ kuAÆ›]™V[. ∂©ÿ√ı˶D √D ÷_ÁÈ. >V[ ∞Áw ®[√>V_ Ô‚¶›Á› >^”√Ω ÿƒFB ºkı|D ®[Æ ∂©ÿ√ı ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVı¶V^. \Æ›ms‚¶ «ˆflƒÕ]´[ ∏›Á> ®|›m¬ ÿÔVı| º√VFs|D√Ω ∂©ÿ√ı˶D ̧s‚¶V[. >[ gı¶V–¬zfl ÿƒK›>ºkıΩB Ô‚¶›Á>¬ Ô‚Ω™V_ >V[ ∏›Á>© AÁ>¬ÔÈVD ®[Æ ÿƒV[™V[ ∂k[. ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´M[ ƒ›]Bÿ§ÁB sıË_ ÷ÚÕm Ôı¶ º>kÏÔ^ AM> ÔVE¬z kÕm ´V¤V, ´VËÁB kVμ›]™VÏ. s∑kVt›]´ xMkÏ >[ º>V_sÁB Œ©A¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ´V¤V «ˆflƒÕ]´Á™ ƒ›]B›][ \Æÿ√BÏ ÷À°È˛_ ®[Æ º√Vu§™VÏ.
36
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ÂVD ∂Á™kÚD ÷Õ>¬ ÔÁ>ÁB© √Ω›]Ú¬˛º≈VD, ºÔ‚ΩÚ¬˛º≈VD. g™V_ ƒ›]B›Á>© √u§ Wu√>uÔVÔ ®›>Á™º√Ï, cÈÔ ∑Ô∫ÔÁ·› ]BVÔD ÿƒFB› >BV´VÔ ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD? s] º√´a°ÔÁ· ÂD*m zs¬zD º√Vm, ƒ›]B›][ ºÂÏ©√VÁ>l_ ÷ÚÕm ÂVD ∏≈μÕm s|˛º≈VD. ∂≈D >kÆ˛º≈VD. ÿÂÚ¬ÔΩ WÁÈl[ >uÔVoÔ ƒVÕ]¬ÔVÔ E[™flE[™ ÿ√VFÔÁ·fl ÿƒV_È°D ÂDÁ\ ÂVº\ kuAÆ›]¬ ÿÔV^˛º≈VD. EÆkB]_ ÂVD ÌÆD EÆEÆ ÿ√VFÔ^ Â\¬z kB>V™VKD ÿ√ˆB ÿ√VFÔÁ·fl ÿƒV_È ÂDÁ\ WÏ©√Õ>D ÿƒF˛[≈™. gÔºk ÷·D \VkÏÔ^ E§B s≠B∫Ôπ_ ̶ ÿ√VFÿƒV_KD º√V¬ÁÔ› >sÏ¬Ô ºkı|D. ƒ›]B >Ï\©√VÁ>l_ cÆ]•B¶[ WuÔ© √wÔºkı|D. ƒ›]B›Á>© √u§ Wu√m kVμs_ \˛μflE >ÚD. ÷Æ]l_ ÂD ∑B ÿÔ·´k›Á> cBÏ›mD. kVμ¬ÁÔl_ ®]Ï©A¬ÔÁ· ®]ÏÿÔV^”D >[™D∏¬ÁÔÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| kÚD. ÂD c√W≠>∫Ôπ_ Ì≈©√‚|^·m. ‘‘∞>› Ák xÔº>V[™zD ´V›>D xÔº>V¸\V ∂[™zD ´V›Bº>’’ ä ∂>Vkm sÁ>›>m ®mºkV∂mºk ∂ÆkÁ¶ gzD. ÷›>ÁÔB √ˆØ´ ƒ›]B∫Ô‚z¬ ̶ s]sȬzÔ^ cı|. ∂ÁkºB ƒ›]B›Á> W‘∏¬˛[≈™. sibÁk WÕ>Á™ ÿƒF•D N´ıBÔEA°¬z ∏´«ÈV>[ \Ô™VÔ© ∏≈Õ>V[. >Vl[ ÔÚsºÈºB ∏´«ÈV>[ ÂV´> xMkˆ[ c√º>ƒ∫ÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚¶V[. ÿ>FTÔ¬ z∫Ô^ ∂k–¬z cı¶Vl™. ÂD xMkÏÔ^ √_ÈVl´D gı|Ô‚z x[º√ ̧™VÏÔ^. ÷Ú√›] mig_´VD gı| mk¬Ô›]_ >V[ º\uÔ›Á>B sfiQVMÔ^, ÔÚs_ ÷Ú¬zD zwÕÁ>l[ ∂§°›]≈[, ÛwK¬ºÔu√ ∂¬zwÕÁ> k·Ï>_ g˛BkuÁ≈ ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶™Ï. gÔºk ÔÏ©∏Ë \ÔπÏ Â_È ÿƒVuÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚Ô ºkı|D, gº´V¬˛B\V™, g™Õ>\V™ kVμ¬ÁÔ ÿ§ÔÁ·© ∏[√u≈ ºkı|D. N´ıB ÔEA°¬z© ∏≈Õ> ∏´«ÈV>[ sibs[ √´\√¬>[ g™V[. √´\√VÔk>ÏÔÁ·© √u§© º√∑Dº√Vm ÂVD x>o_ ∏´«ÈV>[ ÿ√BÁ´ºB ÿƒV_˛º≈VD. ∏´«ÈV> ÂV´>, √´Vƒ´, Aı¶‹Ô, sBVƒ, ∂D√Z≠, ∑Ô, ÿƒ·™Ô, s¨≠[, >V_©B, Ú¬\V∫Ô>, ∂Ï…™, kEi¶ s¨≠ ®[Æ º√V˛≈m ∂Õ> kˆÁƒ. zÚÂV´>ˆ[ ÿ√BÏ̶ ∏´«ÈV>[ ÿ√BÚ¬z ∂©A≈D >V[ kÚ˛≈m. (ÿ>V¶ÚD)
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]
z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D \∫ÔVsÁ·, ÔıD∏sÁ·, Â∫Ì´[ ∏ÈVsÁ·, Ô_ÈTˆB[sÁ·, k_Ȭz\V´[sÁ· ÿ√uº≈VÏ Ì‚¶∫ÔÁ· ∂wz≈ ¶›] ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ”¬zD, √VÈÏ√^π¬zD, ºÔÕ]´›]uzD c^· c≈°ÔÁ· kK©√|›]™Ï.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
37
ºÔÕ]´ WÆk™Ï \V. ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ AM> kVμ¬ÁÔ k´ÈVÆ
∞¬ÂV›˜
g∫˛ÈD: Wºk]>V ´zÂV› ∏º¶ >tμ: ÿ√V. >∫Ô∑kVt
]Ú. √VÈVƒVÿ«© º>À´¸ ä ƒÏƒ∫Ô ƒVȬ, ´ViΩZB ¸kBD ºƒk¬ ƒ∫ÔD
÷Õ>fl ƒÕ>Ï©√›]_ ®™¬z ®[–Á¶B cÏflEÔÁ· ÿkπ©√|›mkm tÔ°D ÔΩ™D. ÷Á> ¿∫Ô^ AˆÕm ÿÔV^TÏÔ^. ƒˆBVÔ cÏÕm ÿÔV^TÏÔ^ ®™ ÂV[ ÂDA˛º≈[. ∞¬ÂV›˜ ´V™º¶ ®[–Á¶B √V_B Âı√Ï ®[√m c∫Ôπ_ ŒÚ E È Ú ¬ z › ÿ>ˆÕ]Ú¬ÔÈVD. ÂV ∫ Ô ^ ŒÚkÚ¬ÿÔVÚkÁ´ 1926äoÚÕm ∂§ºkVD. ÔaÕ> 55 gı|Ô·VÔ ÂV∫Ô^ Âı√ÏÔ^ ®[√º> ÷>[ ÿ√VÚ^. WflƒB\VÔ, ÷>uz¬ ÔV´D gÏ.®¸.®¸. cıÁ\l_ ÂV∫Ô^ Œº´ gÏ.®¸.®¸ ˛ Á· ¬ z fl ÿƒ [ Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕº>VD. ÂV∫Ô^ Œº´ Ô ∂_Èm √>¬ä÷[ cÆ©∏™ÏÔ^. ÂV∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÚD Œº´ √^πl_ √l[Æ kÕº>VD. ®™ºk ]™Õº>VÆD ∂kÏ ®∫Ô^ T‚Ωuz kÚkVÏ ∂_Èm ÂV[ ∂kÏ T‚Ωuzfl ÿƒ_ºk[. ®[–Á¶B >VF, >ÕÁ>, ®[–Á¶B ƒºÔV>´ÏÔ^ ∂kÏÔ”Á¶B \Á™sBÏ. ®[–Á¶B ƒºÔV>ˆÔ^ ∂Á™kÚD ∞¬ÂV›˜ÁB Â[z ∂§kÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ EÆkÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬zDº√Vº> ∂>Vkm cBÏWÁÈ© √^π¬zfl ÿƒ_KD x[º√ ∂]Ïi¶kƒ\VÔ gÏ.®¸.®¸ä[ ¸>V√ÔÏ ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVˆ[ ÿ>V¶Ï∏_ kÕº>VD. ∂∫zD ÂV∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÚD ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVˆ[ ÔVÈΩl_ ∂\ÏÕm √V¶∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔuzD kVF©Á√© ÿ√uº≈VD. ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVÏ
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
39
®∫Ô”¬z ∂Ω¬ÔΩ s›]BVƒ\V™ ÿ√VÆ©A¬ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔV|©√m kw¬ÔD. ÂV∫Ô^ ∂kuÁ≈ ®ÀkVÆ ÿƒF˛º≈VD ®[√Á> ÔkM©√VÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ Â_È ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ·VÔ cÚkVÔ, kaÔV‚|kVÏ. ®∫Ô”Á¶B >kÆÔÁ·fl ∑‚Ω¬ÔV‚|kVÏ. ÂV∫Ô^ Â_È \VkÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|ÿ\[Æ ∂kÏ sÚD∏™VÏ. ∞¬ÂV›˜•D ŒÚ tÔ Â_È \VkÏ. ÂV–D ŒÚ Â_È \Vk™VÔ› ]ÔμÕº>[. g™V_ ®∫Ô”Á¶B ÷·Á\©√Úk›]ºÈºB ®∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÁ´•D \uÆD EÈÁ´•D gÏ.®¸.®¸ä÷[ xøºÂ´ ªaBÏÔ·VÔ ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVÏ ∂Á¶BV·t‚| Ák›]ÚÕ>VÏ. ÂV[ ƒ‚¶¬ Ô_slKD, ∞¬ÂV›˜ ®D.∞älKD ÿku§ ÿ√u≈mD ÂV∫Ô^ ÷ÚkÚD ∏´flƒV´¬ÔÏÔ·VÔ gº™VD. ÂV∫Ô^ ÿkÀºk≈V™ \VWÈ∫Ôπ_ √Ë ÿƒFº>VD. ÷Ú©∏–D ÂV∫Ô^ ƒÕ]›m¬ ÿÔV^· ∂Ω¬ÔΩ ƒÕ>Ï©√∫Ô^ ˛Á¶›>™. ®∫Ô”Á¶B ∂º> ÿÂÚ∫˛B ‚A ÿ>V¶ÏÕ>m. ®™ºk ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ ÷B_AÔÁ·, zÂÈ[ÔÁ· xø¬Ô xø¬Ô› ÿ>ˆÕ>kÏÔπ_ ÂV–D ŒÚk[. ∂kÏ ∂§°¬ ÌÏÁ\BV™kÏ \‚|\_È. tÔ°D Ô|Á\BVÔ cÁw©√kÏ ®[√Á> ÂV[ ∂§ºk[. ÂV∫Ô^ ∏´flƒV´¬ √ˬzfl ÿƒ_Ⱥkı|D ®[Æ ¶V¬¶Ï ÿ«‚ºÔkVÏ xΩ° ÿƒF>º√Vm, ÂV∫Ô^ º√flƒVu≈ÁÈ k·Ï›m¬ ÿÔV^k>uÔVÔ ®∫Ô”¬ÔVÔ ŒÚ √‚Ω\[≈›Á> g´D∏›>VÏ. ÂV[ ∞>Vkm ŒÚ ÿ√VÚ^ √u§ º√ƒfl ÿƒ_KDº√Vm x[Ì‚ΩºB >BVÏ ÿƒFk]_ÁÈ. g™V_ ∂kÚÁ¶B s≠Bº\ ºkÆ. ∂kÚÁ¶B º>VwÏÔ^ ∂kÚÁ¶B ÷Õ>fl E≈©A›>[Á\ÁB cÏÕ]Ú¬Ô ºkı|D. ]ÚD√›]ÚD√ ®ømkVÏ. ∏[A \™©√V¶D ÿƒFkVÏ. ÷ÀkVÆ ÂV∫Ô^ Ô_Ÿˆl_ √Ω¬zDº√Vm ∂kÏ º√∑D k_ÈÁ\ÁB k·Ï›m¬ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ÷º>º√V_ ŒÚ xøÁ\BV™ ÿ>Vı¶´VÔ gk>uz >[™V_ xΩÕ>kÁ´ xB[≈VÏ. ŒÚƒ\BD ∂kÏ \›]B √V´› ÿ√VÆ©√V·´VÔ g¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ. ®©º√V>Vkm k∫ÔV·›]uzD ÿƒ_kVÏ. ∂Õ> \VWÈ∫Ôπ_ ®_ÈVD ]≈Á\ kVFÕ> ∏´flƒV´¬ÔVÔ ÿku§ T´´VÔ› ]ÔμÕ>VÏ. ∂kÏ tzÕ> c¶_ koÁ\ kVFÕ> Á>ˆBƒVo ®[√Á> c∫Ôπ_ √ÈÏ ∂§BV\_ ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. Ôi¶∫ÔÁ· tzÕ> Á>ˆB›m¶[ ®]ÏÿÔV^km ∂k´m kw¬ÔD. ŒÚ >¶Ák ƒ∫Ô¸>VM_ ŒÚ √VDÁ√ ∂flƒt[§ ÔVo™V_ t]›m mkDƒD ÿƒF>VÏ. ÷©º√Vm ÂV[ ∞¬ÂV›˜ÁB ®™m √V_B Âı√´VÔ, ®[–Á¶B gÏ.®¸.®¸. º>Vw´VÔ WÁ™° ÌÆDº√Vm √È sk´∫ÔÁ· QV√Ô©√|›]¬ ÿÔV^· xΩ˛≈m. g™V_ ∂kÏ ÷©º√Vm ÂDº\V| ÷_ÁÈ ®[√Á>¬ ÔVbDº√Vm ÷B_√VÔ ÂV[ cÚD ºk>Á™ÁB ¿∫Ô^ AˆÕm ÿÔV^· xΩ•D. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï √VÁ≈ WÁ™kVÈB© √Ë ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√‚¶ º√Vm, ∂m ÿ>V¶Ï√V™ ∏´flEÁ™Ô^ ®øÕ>º√Vm, pzÚ˜ ∞¬ÂV›˜ÁB› >V[ º>ÏÕÿ>|›>VÏ. ∞ÿ™[≈V_ ∂kÏ>V[ WÔμÔVÈ, kÚ∫ÔVÈ ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ· ®]ÏÿÔV^·k_È ƒˆBV™ Â√Ï ®[√Á> pzÚ˜
40
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂§Õ]ÚÕ>VÏ. pzÚ˜l[ yÏ©A ƒˆBV™m ®[√Á> ÔVÈD W‘∏›m s‚¶m. p ∞¬ÂV›˜ tÔ¬zÆ˛B ÔVÈ›]uz^ ÂV‚Ω[ tÔ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√VÚÕ]B ¸>V√™∫Ô”^ Œ[Á≈ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ cÚkV¬˛•^·VÏ. ÂV[ WÁ™¬˛º≈[. sºkÔV™Õ>Ï WÁ™kVÈBD ÷Õ>© √VÁ≈l_ WÁÈÿÔVıΩÚ¬zDkÁ´ ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ ÿ√BÁ´•D \≈¬Ô ÷BÈVm. ®Õ> ŒÚ √ËÁBfl ÿƒFm xΩ›>mD ÷mº√VmD ®[Æ ]Ú©]BÁ¶•D ÷B_Á√¬ ÿÔVı¶kÏ ∂_È ∂kÏ. ∂kÏ ®©º√VmD Am¬ ÔÚ›m¬ÔÁ· x[ Ák©√VÏ. ®∫ÔÁ· ∂kÚÁ¶B ÔÚ›m¬z ÷ÁƒB Ák¬zD ƒV\Ï›]BD ∂kˆ¶tÚÕ>m. ∂kÚÁ¶B \™]_ ÷Ú¬zD ]‚¶›]uz, ÿ√VmkVÔ ÂV∫Ô^ ƒD\]¬z\VÆ √VÏ›m¬ ÿÔV^kVÏ. g™V_ ®[™ ÷ÚÕ>VKD ®>uzD mig_Ï ®_ÁÈ cı|. kÚ¶¬Ô¬ÔV™ Ô|Á\BV™ cÁw©A ∂kÚÁ¶B gº´V¬˛B›]uz ªÆ sÁ·s›>m. EÈ kÚ¶∫Ô”¬z x[A ∂kÚ¬z¬ Ô|Á\BV™ ÷´›> ∂ø›> ºÂVF ∞u√‚¶m. ∂]oÚÕm *ı¶mD, ∂kÏ x[Aº√V_ >zÕ> c¶_ÂÈ›m¶[ ÷_ÁÈ. tzÕ> ®flƒˆ¬ÁÔ•¶[ ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D. ∂]Ô ∑uÆ©√BD ̶Vm ®[Æ ®[™V_ ÷B[≈kÁ´ s·¬˛¬ ̧º™[. g™V_ ∂Á>ÿB_ÈVD ∂kÏ ºÔ‚Ô© º√Vk]_ÁÈ. ∂m ∂kÚÁ¶B ÷B_A ∂_È. ∂kÏ ∂ºÂÔ\VÔ, √ËBVu§¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬zDº√Vm ÷≈Õm º√VÔ sÚD∏™VÏ º√VKD. ∂kÏ ∂kÚÁ¶B ∑uÆ©√B›Á> 18äD º>] xΩ›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ∑uÆ© √B›]oÚÕm ]ÚD∏ kÕ> ŒÚ kV´›]uz^ ÷Õ> cÈÔ›Á> s‚|fl ÿƒ[Æ s‚¶VÏ. ∂kÏ ÂDº\V| ÷_ÁÈ. g™V_ ∂kÏ ŒÚ ∏´D\Vı¶\V™ √ËÁB› ÿ>V¶∫˛•^·VÏ. ÂVD ®]ÏÿÔV^· ºkıΩB ∏´flEÁ™Ô^ √È c^·™. ®]ÏÔVÈ›]_ º\KD ∏´flEÁ™Ô^ k´ ÷Ú¬˛[≈™. g™V_ ∂kÏ ŒÚ zøÁk› º>ÏÕÿ>|›m^·VÏ. ∂kº´V| √Ë ÿƒFm^· ÷Õ>¬zø ∂kÏ √ËBVu§B √V∫ÁÔ, ∏´flEÁ™ÔÁ·› yÏ›m Ák›> \VıÁ√© √VÏ›m^·m ®[Æ ÂV[ WÁ™¬˛º≈[. ®™ºk ÷Õ>¬zø ∂º> ∂Ï©√ √Vk›m¶–D, √¬]•¶–D, √ËBVuÆD. ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ ÷w©∏™V_ √Ë √V]©√Á¶BVm ®[Æ ÂV[ WflƒB\VÔ ÂDA˛º≈[. ∂mºk ŒÚ cıÁ\BV™ ÔÚ\ºBV˛¬zfl ÿƒFB©√|D tÔflƒˆBV™ \ˆBVÁ>. ®[–Á¶B kVμÂV^ Âı√Ï. gÏ.®¸.®¸.ä÷_ ®™m º>VwÏ, ÂV‚Ωuz tÔtÔ› º>ÁkBV™ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]_ √ËBVu§ kÕ> ∂kÏ ÷©º√Vm ÂDÁ\s‚|fl ÿƒ[Æ s‚¶VÏ. ∂kÏ ÷≈©A sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]uz \‚|D ÷w©A ∂_È. Œ‚| ÿ\V›> ÂV‚Ωuzº\ ÷w©A. ®ÀkV≈Vl–D, ÂVD >V∫˛¬ ÿÔV^·›>V[ ºkı|D. ®]ÏÔVÈ›Á> cuƺÂV¬Ô ºkı|D. ∂kÚÁ¶B √ËÁB› ÿ>V¶ÏÕ]¶ Â\m xø›]≈Á\ÁB•D ∂º> c›ºkÔ›m¶[ ~|√|›> ºkı|D. gÏ.®¸.®¸. ƒVÏ√VÔ°D, ®[–Á¶B ƒVÏ√VÔ°D ∂kÚÁ¶B ∏ˆÕ> g[\Vsuz ÂV[ ∂fiƒo ÿƒK›m˛º≈[.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
41
]Ú.∂. √VÈ˛Úi[, ÿ√Vmfl ÿƒBÈV·Ï, sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]uz ÷m ŒÚ m¬ÔÔ´\V™ ÂV^. Â\m ¸>V√™›Á> cÚkV¬˛B p ∞¬ÂV›˜ ´V™º¶ Âu√ıAÔ^ WÁ≈Õ> \V\M>Ï. zwÕÁ>© √Úk›]oÚÕº> AÔø¶[ s·∫˛BkÏ. ÷·Á\© √Úk›]oÚÕº> ÷Õm¬Ôπ[ ÂÈ–¬ÔVÔ cÁw›>kÏ. ®_ÈV¬ Ôi¶∫ÔÁ·•D ∂fiƒV ÿÂfiƒ›m¶[ ®]ÏÿÔVı¶kÏ. ®_ÈV› >Á¶ÔÁ·•D >Vı¶ º>ÁkBV™ \™ cÆ] ÿÔVı¶kÏ. Ø´›mkD WÁ≈Õ> \M>Ï. ÷[Æ ÂVD ÔVbD sºkÔV™Õ>Ï WÁ™kVÈB›Á>¬ Ô‚ΩBkÏ. ÂDÁ\ÿB_ÈVD ∂·°Ô¶Õ> ∂[√V_ g‚ÿÔVı¶kÏ. ÂD ŒÀÿkVÚkÁ´•D ÿ>V¶ÏÕm kÕm kV]›m ka©√|›mD k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u≈kÏ ÷©º√Vm ÂDtÁ¶ºB ÷_ÁÈ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï Ì§™VÏ. ‘‘ÂV[ ÷∫ºÔ c^· º√Vm c∫Ôº·V| √ËBVuƺk[. ÂV[ ÷_ÈV>º√Vm ®[–Á¶B g[\V c∫Ô^ JÈ\VÔ √ËBVuÆD.’’ cıÁ\l_ ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ÚÁ¶B g[\V ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ JÈ\VÔ© √ËBVu§•^·m. g™V_ ∂kÚÁ¶B g[\V ÷Õ> k·VÔD xøkÁ>•D ÿ>V¶ÏÕm sBV∏›mkÚD. √VÁ≈ WÁ™kVÈB›]_ c^· ŒÀÿkVÚ ÿƒ∫Ô_KD, ÷Õ> k·VÔ›]–^ c^· ŒÀÿkVÚ \´xD, ÷Õ> k·VÔ›]–^ c^· ŒÀÿkVÚ mı|¬ ÔuÔ”D, ÷Õ> k·VÔ›][ ŒÀÿkVÚ ÷fifl ÷¶xD ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ g[\VÁk© ∏´]√o¬zD. ∞¬ÂV›˜¬z ÂVD ÿƒFB¬ÌΩB º\[Á\BV™ ∂fiƒo EÈ kVÏ›Á>ÔÁ·¬ ÌÆk>V_ ∂_È. g™V_ ∂kÏ ®Õ> È‚EB›Á> ∂Á¶Õ]¶© √V|√‚¶Vº´V ∂>uÔVÔ© √ËAˆkm, \M> ƒJÔ›]uz› ÿ>Vı| ÿƒFkm. ÷Õm¬Ôπ[ ÂÈ–¬ÔVÔ, ÷Õm \¬Ô”¬ÔVÔ cÁw©√m ä ÷ÁkºB ∂kÚÁ¶B g[\V ƒVÕ]BÁ¶•D ÿ√VÚ‚| ÂVD ÿ>V¶ÏÕm ÿƒFm k´ ºkıΩBÁk. ®™ºk sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›][ x›]Á´ÁB› >V∫˛© √ËAˆ•D ÂVD ŒÀÿkVÚkÚD ∂kÏ º√V´VΩB>[ ºÂV¬Ô\V™ kVμs[ ∂Ω\‚¶›]_ ÷Ú¬zD ÂV| xøkmD c^· Â\m ƒºÔV>´ÏÔπ[ c[™]¬ÔVÔ xø c›ºkÔ›m¶[ ƒÁ·¬ÔVm √V|√¶ ºkı|D. ∂m\‚|º\ ∂kÚÁ¶B ∏ˆÕ> g[\Vsuz ∂Á\]ÁB•D, gÆ>ÁÈ•D ∂π¬zD.
ÿ√‚Ωfl ÿƒF] p ∞¬ÂV›˜ ®[≈ ÷Õ> kVμ¬ÁÔ k´ÈVuÆ ±_ A›>Ô kΩs_ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´© ∏´ÔVƒ[ Ω´¸‚, 5, E∫Ô´VflƒVˆ ÿ>Ú, ÿƒ[Á™ ä 600 005 ®[≈ xÔkˆl_ ÿkπl¶©√‚|^·m. sÁÈ ‘. 70/42
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∂ÁÈ•D m≈s
gÏ.E. >Vb
®D\V ÔV_ºk
\M>ÏÔ‚z \˛μflEÁB \‚Ω[§ kVˆ kw∫˛BkÏ cıÁ\l_ ºƒVÔ›][ ∑Á\ >V∫˛. ÿÂÚ∫˛ kV‚ΩB ´DA› >·ÏflE ÿÂÚ∫Ô¬ ̶V> ÿ§Bu≈ kVμ° ∏F›m© º√V‚¶ ∏ΩkV> zD J[ƺ\ x¶∫˛B kVμs[ x›>VF©A¬Ô^. g>ˆ›> ∂[A \ÔÁ·•D ∂√Vı¶ s]l[ ∂ºÔV´© √E¬z ∂™VÁ> g¬˛s‚| g™VF. ƒD√k∫Ô·V_ ƒflƒ´°¬z^·V™k^ ƒ|]l_ ƒÚÔV˛© º√V™V^. kV‚ΩB kVμ¬ÁÔ kVw© ∏Ω¬ÔVm ÔVÈM[ ÔVoÁ™ Ô‚Ω© ∏Ω¬Ô ∞ˆ¬ÔÁ´l_ ∞ÆkV^! ÷≈∫zkV^! ÷´ıΩKD ÷Æ]l_ º>V_s >V[! >uÿÔVÁÈ xBuE >k§© º√V™m! >^π© º√V™m! t[™ÿÈV[Æ t[MBm. gD! Ô ºÂ´›]_ ÔVÕ> ƒ¬]BV_ Ôk´© √‚¶V^! WÁ™›m kÕ>Á> ÿ>VÁÈ›m s‚| WÁÈ¬Ô ºkıΩBÁ> ∂Áw¬Ô kÕ>V^! ∂kȬ z´_ÔÁ·ºB ∂]ÔD ∂§Õ>k^ x>[ x>ÈVF ∂tμ]M–D ÷MB ∂ÕWB¬ z´ÁÈ ∂Ú˛M_ ºÔ‚¶V^. z´_ kÕ> ]Áƒl_ z#ÔÈ\VFfl ÿƒ[≈k^ zkV[ ̧B z§©∏Á™¬ ºÔ‚| zD∏‚| W[≈V^. g∫z ∂kÏ Ì§B gÆ>_ kVÏ›Á>Ô^ ∂√B\π›>™. ‘‘∂Á\]BVF ÷Ú ∂kƒ´©√‚|› >›>π¬ÔVº>’’ >V[ ÷[–D >´V>´D ∂§BV ŒÚkÏ >[Á™ >[MKD º\ÈVF >™¬ÿÔ™ >M›mk©√|›]Bm ®∫Ù™D? ºÔ^sÔ^ ºÔ‚Ô©√¶V\ºÈ \™D ºÔ^s¬z§BV™m! ∞[?
44
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á>
º√´VEˆÁB ]Ú\]. gÏ. ÂVÔD ∑©∏´\ËBD
ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á>l[ Ô_s©√Ë
÷Õ]BVs[ ÔÈVflƒV´› ÿ>V[Á\ÁB•D, º\[Á\ÁB•D ∂§Õm º√Vu§B Wºk]Á> ÷Õ]BVs_ >™m ƒJÔ© √ËÁB› ÿ>V¶∫Ô x>_ x¬˛B›mk >·\VÔ¬ Ô_s› >·›Á>› º>Ï° ÿƒF>VÏ. Wºk]Á> ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈› ÿ>V¶∫˛B ÔVÈD; ÷Õ]B ∂´EBo_ AB_TE¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> ÔVÈD; ÷Úı¶ º\ÔD ÛμÕ> ƒJÔ©, ÿ√VÚ·V>V´ WÁÈÁ\Ô^ WÈsB ÔVÈD ÷flÛwo_ g[*Ô \Æ\ÈÏflEºBV| ÌΩB º>ÊB sa©AÏ°D, ∂Àsa©º√V| ÷Áƒ°Á¶B ƒJÔ© ÿ√VÚ·V>V´ x[º™u≈xD ÷Õ]BVs_ ∞u√¶ x>_ º>Ák Ô_sB§° ®[≈ c Æ ] B V ™ ÂD∏¬ÁÔºBV| >\m Ô_s© √ Ë Á B › ÿ>V¶∫˛™VÏ Wºk]Á>. Ô_s© √Ël_ ∞uÿÔ™ºk ∂–√kD ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ. ‘«Vo ‡√V¬¸’ Ô_Ÿˆl_ >™m Ô_s WÁ≈°u≈ ∏[ ÿ√ıÔ^ √^πÔ^ √Èku§_ ∂kÏ √ËBVu§ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. 1892äD gı| >™m 25äkm kB]_ sD∏^¶[ ÂÔˆ_ >Vº™ ŒÚ √^πÁB WÆs™VÏ. Ô_s› ÿ>VıΩ_ ∂§°fl ÿƒ§ºkV| ÌΩB ∂Ï©√Ë©A cÏ°, Ô_s› ÿ>Vı| ∂–√k›>V_ ÿƒøÁ\•u§ÚÕ>m. ∑kVt sºÔV™Õ>Ï >™m ÂV‚Ω_ ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈ z§©√VÔ› >™m ÂV‚|© ÿ√ıÔ”¬z¬ Ô_s› ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈› º>ÁkBV™ ]≈Á\ÔÁ·•D, >z]ÔÁ·•D, ]≈Á\ÔÁ·•D Wºk]Á>l¶D ÷™D Ôı| ∂Á> ∂kˆ¶D ÿ>ˆs›> ÿ√Vøm >V[ √ËAˆB ºkıΩB >·›Á> ∂kÏ nB\≈› ÿ>ˆÕm ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ÿ√ıÔπ[ x[º™u≈D ÷[§, ÷Õ]B© √V´D√ˆB›][ ®øflE•D, \Æ\ÈÏflE•D ƒV›]Bt_ÁÈ ®[√m ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[
46
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
cÆ]BV™ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ. ∑kVtl[ ÷Õ> ÂD∏¬ÁÔºBV| c¶[√‚¶ Wºk]Á>¬zD ®›>ÁÔB Ô_s BVÚ¬z, ®ÀkVÆ ∂π¬Ô©√¶ ºkı|D ®[≈ ÿ>π° ÷ÚÕ>m. 1898ä_ ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> x>[xÁ≈BVÔ¬ Ôs ÷´TÕ]´ ÂV> >VÌÁ´fl ƒÕ]›>VÏ. ∂flƒÕ]©∏[ ÿ√Vøm Ôs >VÌÏ Wºk]Á>l¶D >D \Ô”¬z¬ Ô_s ∂π¬zD ÿ√VÆ©Á√ ∞uƬ ÿÔV^”\VÆ ºkıΩ™VÏ. ̶ºk >™m \Ô”¬z g∫˛ºÈBfl EÆtÔ”¬z ∂π¬Ô©√|km º√V[≈ Ô_s ∂π¬Ô©√¶ºkı|D ®[ÆD ºkıΩ™VÏ. g™V_ ƒºÔV>ˆ ÷¬ÔÚ›Á> ∞uÔs_ÁÈ. ∞ÿ™M_ ‘‘zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z ∂kÏÔ·m >VFÂV‚Ω[ ÷È‚EB∫Ôº·V| ÷Áƒ°uÆ kVw sÚDAD >[Á\ÁB ∞u√|›mD Ô_sºB ∂π¬Ô©√¶ºkı|D, ∂ÕWB ÂV|Ôπ[ ÷È‚EB∫ÔÁ·•D, kVμsB_ >´ ∂·°ºÔV_ÔÁ·•D zwÕÁ>Ô^ *m ]ˬԬ̶Vm’’ ®[√m Wºk]Á>l[ ÔÚ›m. ÷¬ÔÚ›]Á™© √V´V‚Ω ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ Ôs >VÌÏ. ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶º>V| \‚|\_ÈVm, Wºk]Á>l[ ÷È‚EB∫Ô”¬z ∞u√ ŒÚ √^πÁB WÆk› >™m T‚Á¶› >´› >BV´VF ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. g™V_ ∂flƒ\BD ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> ºkÆ EÈ √ËÔπ_ ~|√¶ ºkıΩB Ô‚¶VBD ÷ÚÕ>>V_ Ôs >V̈[ sÚ©√›Á> ∞uzD WÁÈl_ ÷_ÁÈ. ∏[™Ï ∂º> gı| y√Vkπ› ]ÚÂV·[Æ (ÂkD√Ï ä 12) ∂[Á™ ƒV´>V º>sl[ gE•¶[ ŒÚ √^πÁB› ÿ>V¶∫˛™VÏ. Ô_Ô›>Vs[ k¶√z]l_ √V¬√¤Vˆ_ º√V¸√V´V¬ ƒÕ]_ ŒÚ kV¶ÁÔ T‚Ω_ ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√‚¶m ÷Õ> ®πB √^π. ºÂV•u≈ ŒÚ EÈ zwÕÁ>Ôº·V| º\uÿÔV^·©√‚¶ ÷Õ> ®πB xBuE ÿ√ˆB ƒkV_Ôº·V| ÿ>V¶∫˛Bm. ÔVi*Ï \[™Ï ∂π›> Â[ÿÔVÁ¶BV˛B ÿkÆD ®ıIÆ ‘√VF ÁÔlÚ©º√V| ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√‚¶m ÷©√^π. Ô_s© √Ël_ ~|√‚ΩÚÕ> Wºk]Á> >V[ J[Æ ÿ√ÚD ƒkV_ÔÁ·fl ƒÕ]¬Ô ºkıΩlÚÕ>Á>¬ z§©∏‚|^·VÏ. x>_ ƒkV_ º√V]B W] ]´‚|>_. ÷´ı¶Vkm ƒkV_, \Vu≈›]Á™ sÚD√V© √wÁ\kV]ÔÁ· ®]ˆ¶_. J[≈Vkm ƒkV_ Wºk]Á>l[ ØÏTÔ º>EBD ÔV´\VÔ ∂kÏ*m, ∂kÁ´© AˆBV>kÏÔ^ ÿÔVı¶ ƒÕº>ÔD. x>_ ƒkVÈV˛B W] ]´‚|>ÁÈ ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> \™D >·´Vm >[™D∏¬ÁÔºBV| ƒ\Vπ›>VÏ. Wºk]Á>l[ >[™È\u≈ ÿ>VıΩ[ E≈©Á√ Â[z AˆÕ> Âı√ÏÔπ[ Â[ÿÔVÁ¶•D ∂k´m ®ø›m¬Ô”D, ÿƒVuÿ√Va°Ô”º\ ∂k´m W] g>V´∫Ô^. ]Ú. \V¬oºBV‚ ®[≈ ∂k´m º>Va¬z ∂kÏ ®ø]B ŒÚ ÔΩ>›]_ W]© √u≈V¬zÁ≈ \‚|D ÷_ÈV]ÚÕ>V_ >[™V_ ÷[–D º√´·s_ ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈ xΩ•D ®™¬ ̧•^·VÏ. gıÿ¶V[Ƭz 1000 ¶VÈÏ >[ ®ø›m© √ËJÈD ˛Á¶›>V_ Â_Èm ®[≈ >[ sÚ©√›Á>› ÿ>ˆs›m^·VÏ. ∂º> º>Va¬z
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
47
>V[ ®ø]B ºkÿ≈VÚ ÔΩ>›]_ ‘Â\¬z¬ ˛Á¶¬Ô ºkıΩB W] Â\m xBuEl[§ºB kÕm ºƒÚD’ ®[Æ ÔV›]Ú¬zD ÷B_A ®[–Á¶B>[Æ, sºkÔV™Õ>V \VkÏ s|]ÁB› ÿ>V¶ÏÕm ¶›>› º>ÁkBV™ W]ÁB› ]´‚¶ ÂV[ ÿƒ_kÕ>ÏÔÁ· ÂVΩ© ∏flÁƒ ∞uÔ© º√V˛º≈[ ®™¬ z§©∏‚|^·VÏ. ÷Õ]BVs[ *m Wºk]Á> ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> ∂[AD, >[ zÚs[ *m ∂kÏ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> √¬]•D ®Õ>› >Á¶ÔÁ·•D ®]ÏÿÔV^”D gu≈ÁÈ ∂kÚ¬z› >Õ]ÚÕ>™. gÔºk \Vu≈›Á> ®π]_ ∞uƬ ÿÔV^·V> √wÁ\kV> T|ÔπoÚÕmD ∂k´V_ ÿ√ıÔÁ· ÿkπºB k´flÿƒFm ∂kÏÔ”¬z¬ Ô_s©√Ë gu≈ xΩÕ>m. ∂k´m ®πÁ\•D, º>ƒ √¬]•D ∂kÏ *m ®_ºÈVÚ¬zD ÂD∏¬ÁÔ•D, \]©AD ∞u√|›]™. 1898ä_ ∂kÏ ÿ>V¶∫˛B ∂Õ> ®πB √^πÁB ÷Á¶l_ E§mÔVÈD Ô_s©√Ë >Á¶©√‚¶VKD ∂kÏ >[ kVμÂV^ xøkmD º√ˬ ÔV›>VÏ. ∂©√^π ÷[Æ ‘÷È‚EB ÷Õ]B© ÿ√ıÁ\© √ıAÔ”¬zfl EÁ>s_ÈV, g[*Ô cÏ°Ô^ z[≈V© √ı√V‚| cÚkV¬Ô›]uz x¬˛B›mkD ∂π¬zD ŒÚ x[\V]ˆ© ÿ√ıÔ^ √^πBVÔ k·ÏÕm Wu˛≈m. Wºk]Á>l[ √^π ®›>Á™ºBV √^πÔº·V| ÷m°D Œ[Æ’ ®™¬ ÔV©√‚¶ √^π ∂[Æ. ∂k´m √^π √È >M›>[Á\ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>m. Wºk]Á> g´D∏›> √^πl_ º>ÊBD ko•Æ›>©√‚¶m. >™m \VsÔπ¶D ‘∂kÏÔ^ x>o_ ÷Õ]BÏÔ^, √V´> kÏ≠›][ x[™Ë \¬Ô^’ ®[≈ cÏÁk ®ø©√k_È Ô_sÁB Wºk]Á>l[ √^π ∂π›>m. ÷À°ÏÁk ®ø©√ Wºk]Á> √È ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ xBuEÔÁ· º\uÿÔVı¶VÏ. 1905ä_ k∫ÔV·D ÷´ı¶VÔ© ∏ˆ¬Ô©√‚¶>[ ∏[™Ï WÔμÕ> ∑º>E ÷B¬Ô›][ ÿ√Vøm, ©´„\ ƒ\V¤D gflƒVÏB ©´‡A_È ƒÕ]´ T]l_ ¶›]B ŒÚ ÿ√ıÔ^ √^πl[ ∂ÚºÔ c^· Ø∫ÔVs_ √È º>ƒ› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ cÏflEt¬Ô ÿƒVuÿ√Va°Ô^ gu§™Ï. ÷flÿƒVuÿ√Va°ÔÁ·fl ÿƒs•≈ Wºk]Á> >[ \VsÔÁ· ∂Áw›mfl ÿƒ_kVÏ. >™m \VsÔ”¬z ®ıbD, ®ø›mD \‚|t[§¬ ÁÔ›ÿ>Va_Ô”D ÔuƬ ÿÔV|›> ∂kÏ, ∂kÏÔ·m ÁÔsÁ™© ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ· 1906äD gı| Ô_Ô›>Vs_ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈ ÷Õ]B º>EB ÔV∫˛´¸ \VÂV‚Ω_ ÷¶D ÿ√u§ÚÕ> ∑º>E© ÿ√VÚ‚ÔV‚E¬z ∂–©∏ Ák›>VÏ. ‘kÕº> \V>´D ÷Áƒ©√m ∂´ƒV_ >Á¶ÿƒFB©√‚ΩÚÕ> º√VmD, kÕº> \V>´D’ >™m √^πl_ ∂[≈V¶© ∏´VÏ›>Á™l[ º√Vm >[ \VsBÁ´ kÕº> \V>´D ÷Áƒ¬Ôfl ÿƒF>VÏ. º>ÊB cÏ°D, ÷Õ]B¬ ÔÈVflƒV´›][ º\[Á\ √u§B ÿ√Út>xD \VsÔ”¬z ª‚¶©√‚¶m. ‘‘cÈÔ¬ ÔÈVflƒV´∫Ô”¬z^º·, tÔ cBÏÕ> ÔÈVflƒV´D √V´>¬ ÔÈVflƒV´D. ÷Õ>© ÿ√ÚÁ\t¬Ô ÔÈVflƒV´›][ kVˆ∑Ô^ ¿∫Ô^ ®[√Á> ŒÚ ÿ√VømD
48
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
\≈¬Ô ºkı¶VD. ÔVϬ˛•D, Á\›º´l•D, ÊÁ>•D, ƒVs›]ˆ•D, ‹ÈVk]•D º>V[§B ÂV‚Ω_ ¿∫Ô^ ∏≈Õ]Ú©√m ŒÚ ÿ√≈uÔˆB º√Æ, gÔºk ÷Àk·° E≈©AÁ¶B ÔÈVflƒV´›][ kVˆ∑Ô·V˛B c∫Ô·m >VÏ*Ô, g[*Ô¬ Ô¶Á\ ÷¬ÔÈVflƒV´›Á> \∫Ôs¶V\_, º\KD Œπ´fl ÿƒFkm’’ ®[Æ ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> >[ \VsÔ”¬z mig_BVm ®|›mÁ´©√VÏ. ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> ∂π›> Ô_s \VsÔπ¶D º>ÊB cÏÁk k·Ï›>m. ÁÔsÁ™ gu≈_ÔÁ· k·Ï›>m. g[*Ô QV™›Á> k·Ï›>m. ∂§sB_ ∂§Ák•D, ÂV‚¶›Á>•D k·Ï›>m. WÏkVÔ gu≈ÁÈ k·Ï›>m. ÷kuÁ≈ÿB_ÈVD ŒÚºƒ´ k·Ï›> ∂k´m Ô_s› ÿ>VıΩ[ >MflE≈©A, ÷©√ıAÔ”D, gu≈_Ô”D Œ[ƬÿÔV[Æ x´ı√¶V kÁÔl_ ÷Áƒ°¶[ k·Ï¬Ô©√‚¶™. 1903äD gı| ∂[Á≈B ∂´∑ ŒÚ Ô_s gÁ ∏≈©∏›>m. ∂>[√Ω ®_ÈV g´D√© √^πÔπKD Ô‚¶VB\VÔ ‘˛ı¶Ï ÔV϶[’ Ô_sxÁ≈ºB ∏[√u≈©√¶ ºkı|D. ÷m√u§ ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>V Wºk]Á>¬z ®ø]B ÔΩ>›]uz Wºk]Á> ∂–©∏B √]_ ÔΩ>D Ô_s AÔ‚|k]_ Wºk]Á> ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> gμÕ> ∂§Ák•D, cÆ]BV™ ÂD∏¬ÁÔÁB•D ÿkπ©√|›m˛≈m. ∂´E[ Ô_s gÁ gEˆBÏÔ^ \›]l_ ∞u√|›]B nB∫ÔÁ·•D, ∂flƒ∫ÔÁ·•D º√V¬zD kÁÔl_ Wºk]Á> ®ø]B √]o_, ∂´∑ gÁ ko•Æ›mD ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ÔÁ· º\uÿÔV^km ÷Õ]B ∂§° O‚√›]uzD, ]≈Á\¬zD ƒV›]B\_ÈV> ÔVˆBD ∂_È ®[Æ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ÿ>ˆs›>VÏ. ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈¬Ô_sÁB© √u§B ∂§°D, ÂÁ¶xÁ≈©√|›>› º>ÁkBV™ ÿƒB_]≈Á™•D gEˆBÏÔ^ ÿ√≈› º>ÁkBV™ √luE ∂π©√>uzD c¶º™ >BV´V™VÏ. 19äD ±u≈VıΩ_ ∑s‚ƒÏÈVÕ]_ kVμÕ>kÏ ÿ√¸¶ºÈVL ®[–D ∂§QÏ. \M>ÏÔπ¶D ∂·ku≈ ∂[AD, m≈° \™©√V∫zD ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> ∂Õ> ∂§QÏ, ‘\M>[, \M>–¬z gu≈k_È ∂ÚÕÿ>Vı| Ô_s ∂π›>ºÈ’ ®[≈ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ. \¬Ôπ¶D ÿ>πÕ> EÕ>Á™› ]≈[ ÷_ÈVÁ\¬z¬ ÔV´D ∂kÏÔπ¶D ÿ>πÕ> ∂§s[Á\. ÿ>πÕ> ∂§°¬z g>V´,D ∂O√kD ®[√m ÿ√¸¶ºÈVLl[ ÔÚ›m. ∂O√k›Á> AÈ[, \™ ka cÏÕ>§>_ JȺ\ ÿ√≈ xΩ•D ®[√m ∂k´m ÂD∏¬ÁÔ. ÷ÀkÁÔ cÏÕ>§>_ JÈD ∂§° ÿ√Æk]_ J[Æ WÁÈÔ^ c^·™ ®™ s·¬˛™VÏ ∂kÏ. ∂kÏ s·¬˛B ÷DJ[Æ WÁÈÔ^ ˇμkÚk™. 1) cÏ>_, 2) ®ıD ∂_Èm EÕ>Á™ º>Vu≈D, 3) ÿkπ©√V|. ÿ√¸¶ºÈVLl[ ÔÚ›m¬Ô^ \¬ÔπÁ¶ºB ∂]Ô ÿƒ_kV¬z© ÿ√≈s_ÁÈ. >\m xmÁ\¬ÔVÈ›]_ \™D >·Ï°u≈ WÁÈl_ ∂kÏ ÷ÚÕ>ÿ√Vøm ∂kÚ¬z¬ ˛Á¶›> ʶº´ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈¬Ô_sÁB cÚkV¬˛B ‡©ÿ´¶ˆ¬ ‡©º´Vÿ√_. ÿ√¸¶ºÈVLl[ Ô_s¬
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
49
ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ·› ÿ>πkVÔ© AˆÕ> ‡©º´Vÿ√_. ‘\M>–¬zˆB Ô_s’ ä ®[≈ ±ÁÈ ®ø]™VÏ. ∂§°, \™][ ƒ¬]BVÔ cÚ\VÆD ÿ√Vøº> √B–Á¶B>V˛≈m. ®ıÁ•D, ®ø›Á>•D zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z ∂§s›>_ \‚|º\ Ô_s ∂[Æ, ∂§° zwÕÁ>l[ \™ gu≈ÈVÔ k·ÏflE ÿ√≈© ÿ√≈¬ zwÕÁ>l¶D ∞u√|D k·ÏflEÁB•D, x[º™u≈›Á>•D >D z§¬ºÔV·VÔ¬ ÿÔVı| gEˆBÏÔ^ Ô_s Ôu∏›>_ ºkı|D ®[√m ‡©º´Vÿ√_ ∂kÏÔ·m ÔÚ›m. zwÕÁ>Ô”D, EÆkÏÔ”D sÁ·BV|D xÁ≈ÔÁ· cuƺÂV¬˛ g´VFÕm ∂kÏ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB cÚkV¬˛™VÏ. ‘EÆkÏÔπ[ º>V‚¶D’ ®™© ÿ√VÚ^√|D ÷¬Ô_s xÁ≈l_ gEˆBº´ º>V‚¶¬ÔV´Ï. ŒÀÿkVÚ zwÕÁ>•D ŒÚ ÿƒΩ. zwÕÁ>Ôπ[ ]≈Á\ÁB© √Ω©√ΩBVÔ k·Ï¬zD ∞ø √ΩWÁÈÔÁ· kÁ´BÆ›m ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD k·Ï¬Ô©√|D gu≈_ÔÁ·•D, gu≈_ k·Ï©A xÁ≈ÔÁ·•D ®|›mÁ´›m^·VÏ, ‡©º´Vÿ√_. ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD zwÕÁ>¬z gu≈_ k·ÏflE ∂π¬Ô©√|k>uz› º>ÁkBV™ ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·•D ∂[√π©A ®[≈ ÿ√B´VºÈºB z§©∏|˛≈VÏ ‡©º´Vÿ√_. x>_ ∂[√π©A WÁÈl_ ∂m ÿkÀºkÆ kı© √ÕmÔÁ·¬ zwÕÁ>Ôπ¶D ÿÔV|›m ∂©√ÕmÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| zwÕÁ>Ô^ sÁ·BV|D ÿ√Vøm ∂kÏÔπ¶D k·ÚD gu≈_ÔÁ· k·Ï¬zD xBuE º\uÿÔV^·©√|˛≈m. ÷Dx>_ WÁÈl_ zwÕÁ>Ô^ √ÕÁ>ºB ®oBVÔ, √_ºkÆ ÿ√VDÁ\Ô·VÔ, sÈ∫zÔ·VÔ¬ Ôu√Á™ ÿƒFm ÿÔVı| sÁ·BV¶› ÿ>V¶∫z˛[≈™Ï. gEˆBÏ ÷Õ>¬ Ôu√Á™ sÁ·BV‚|¬ÔÁ· ª¬zs¬˛≈VÏ. ÷ÀsÁ·BV‚|¬Ô^ JÈD Œø∫zD, Ô‚|©√V|D, ŒuÆÁ\ cÏ°D, Ì‚|≈° cÏ°D zwÕÁ>Ôπ¶D ÷B_√VÔºk ®Às>¬ Ô‚¶VB ko•Æ›>_Ô”D ÷[§ k·Ï˛[≈™. ÷©√ΩºB ŒÀÿkVÚ √Ω WÁÈlKD ®‚| Ô™ ƒm´ kΩk∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|D, √Õm, √‚¶D º√V[≈kuÁ≈¬ ÿÔVı|D kΩkÁ\¬zD ]≈[, Ô‚|\V™› ]≈[, kıD y‚|D ]≈[, ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ· ®ıË ∂§•D ]≈[, ]ÁƒÔÁ· ∂§•D ]≈[, √¶∫Ô^ kÁ´•D ]≈[ \VÆ√‚¶ cÚk∫ÔÁ·¬ Ôı¶§•D ]≈[ ®™© √[xÔ› ]≈Á\Ô^ k·Ï¬Ô©√|˛[≈™. º\uÔı¶ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈ÁB ∂§ÕmÏÕm √V´V‚Ω ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶ Wºk]Á> >VD ÷Õ]BV *m ÿÔVı¶ √¬]•¶[ ÔÈÕ> √u§™VKD, ÷Õ]Bfl Ûw_, kVμ¬ÁÔ xÁ≈Ô^ √u§ ∂kÚ¬˛ÚÕ> ÿ>πÕ> ∂§° ÔV´\VÔ°D ‡©º´Vÿ√_ cÚkV¬˛B ˛ı¶Ï ÔV϶[ xÁ≈ÁB ÷Õ]B¬ zwÕÁ>Ôπ[ Ô_s¬z© √B[√|›> kaxÁ≈ÔÁ·fl EÕ]›mfl ÿƒB_√|›]™VÏ.
50
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ú¬z ∂kÏ ®ø]B √]_ ÔΩ>›]_ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB¬ Ô‚¶VB©√|›mD ∂´ƒVÁ √u§B nB∫ÔÁ·•D, ∂flƒ∫ÔÁ·•D º√V¬˛ ∂Á> ∞uƬ ÿÔV^km √u§¬ z§©∏‚ΩÚÕ>VKD ∂´ƒVÁl[ zÁ≈ÁB•D ∑‚Ω¬ ÔV‚Ω•^·VÏ. ∂´ƒVÁl[ ÿ√VmkV™ √ˆÕmÁ´Ô^ ÷Õ]Bfl Ûw_ÔÁ·© AˆÕm ÿÔVı¶ ∂§Ák ÿkπ©√|›>VÁ\ÁB ®|›m¬Ì§•^· Wºk]Á> ÷Õ]B¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z ∞u√ ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_sxÁ≈l[ ∂Ω©√Á¶¬ ÿÔV^ÁÔÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı¶ zwÕÁ>¬ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁBfl ÿƒBu√|›> xΩ•D ®™© √È ºBVƒÁ™ÔÁ·¬ ̧•^·VÏ. ∂mº√VÈ ‡©º´Vÿ√_o[ xÁ≈lKD c^· EÆ ÷Õ]Bfl ÛwK¬z ŒÀkV> EÆ zÁ≈ÔÁ·•D ∑‚Ω¬ ÔV‚Ω•^·VÏ. Ô_sfl EÕ>Á™BV·Ï ÿ√¸¶ºÈVL ̧B E≈Õ> ÔÚ›>V™ zwÕÁ> k·ÚD ÿ√Vøm >™m ÿƒVÕ> ÷™ ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ÔÁ·ºB ∏[√uÆ˛≈m ®[√Á> ∞uƬ Ô_s AÔ‚¶_ ƒV>™∫ÔÁ· ®©√Ω ÷Õ]B \ıË_ ÷ÚÕm ®π>VÔ› º>Ï° ÿƒFBÈVD ®™ kaxÁ≈Ô^ ̧•^·VÏ. ‡©º´Vÿ√_ cÚkV¬˛B ∞ø √ΩWÁȬ Ô_s xÁ≈l_ ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD º>Ák©√|D Ô_s AÔ‚¶_ ƒV>™∫ÔÁ·•D ‡©º´Vÿ√_ √‚ΩBo‚ΩÚÕ>VÏ. ∂©√‚ΩBo_ Ô™ƒm´ kΩk∫Ô^, mig_|Ô^, Ák¬ºÔV_, √VE\ËÔ^, ˛ˆ¬ÿÔ‚ √ÕmÔ^, ÿ¶[M¸ √ÕmÔ^, cÁ> √ÕmÔ^, ƒV>V´© √ÕmÔ^ ®™© √ÈkÁÔ© √ÕmÔ^ ®™© √_ºkÆ ÿ√VÚ‚Ô^ ÷¶D ÿ√u§ÚÕ>™. zwÕÁ>Ô^ ÔuzD ÿ√Vøm ŒÀÿkVÚ √ΩWÁÈlKD ®[ÿ™[™ ÿ√VÚ‚Ô^ ®ÀÿkÀkVÆ √B[√|›>©√¶ºkı|D ®[√>uÔV™ ]‚¶∫ÔÁ·•D ‡©º´Vÿ√_ ∂§s›]ÚÕ>VÏ. ‡©º´Vÿ√_o[ Ô_s¬ ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ· \‚|t[§, ∂k´m ÿƒB_xÁ≈› ]‚¶∫Ô^, Ô_s c>sfl ƒV>™∫Ô^ x>oBkuÁ≈•D ko•Æ›]Bm ∂´∑ gÁ. ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> ÿ¤Ï\M¬z© ÿ√VÚÕmD ÷¬Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB ∂©√ΩºB ÷Õ]BVs_ ÿƒB_√|›>› º>Ákl_ÁÈ, ÷BÈ°D ÷BÈVm ®™¬ z§©∏‚|, ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ xÁ≈l[ ∂Ω©√Á¶¬ ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ· ∞uÆ, zÁ≈Õ> ÿƒÈs_ ÷Õ]B¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z› >´\V™ Ô_s ∂π¬Ô¬ ̧•^· gºÈVƒÁ™Ôπ_ Ô_s© √Ël_ ∂kÚ¬˛ÚÕ> gμÕ> ~|√V‚Á¶•D, ∂§°› ]≈Á™•D, ÷Õ]BVs[ *m ∂kÏ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> √¬]ÁB•D ÿkπ©√|›m˛[≈™. ÷Õ]B¬ ˛´V\ s]Ôπ_ zwÕÁ>Ô^ Ôπ\ı, √∑fiƒVD, ÿƒ∫ÔuÔ^, ÔuÔ^, Ák¬ºÔV_ x>oB ÿƒÈs[§ ®π]_ ˛Á¶¬zD ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| Ôu√Á™› ]≈›º>V|D, ÁÔsÁ™ O‚√ gu≈ºÈV|D sÁ·BV|kÁ>¬ Ôıbu§ÚÕ>VÏ. gÔºk Ôπ\ı º√V[≈ ®∫zD ˛Á¶¬zD ®πB ÿ√VÚÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| Ô_s AÔ‚¶ÁÈ ∂´ƒVÁ ko•Æ›]lÚÕ>V_ º√Vm\V™m ®[Æ ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ú¬z ®ø]•^·VÏ. º\KD ÷Õ]B© A´V∫Ô^, ÷Õ]BVs_ kw∫zD ÔÁ>Ô^ x>oBkuÁ≈¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z s·¬Ô ®ÀkVÆ
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
51
ƒV>V´© ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·© √B[√|›> xΩ•D ®[√Á> s·¬˛•^·VÏ. ÿƒ∫ÔuÔÁ· ∂|¬˛ zÚº≥›]´© º√VÁ´© √u§ ®|›mÁ´›>_, ŒÚ ÿƒ∫Ô_ÁÈ ∂Ï…™M[ ´>\VÔ°D, ®]º´ ºkÿ≈VÚ ÿƒ∫Ô_ÁÈ ¨\–Á¶B ´>\VÔ°D zwÕÁ>ÔÁ·¬ Ôu√Á™ ÿƒFB Ák›>_, sÁ>Ô^ ÷ÁÈÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|, ÔË>D, k´ÈVÆ, mig_sBD, kΩk∫Ô^ ∂Á\›>_ º√V[≈ ºBVƒÁ™ÔÁ· ®|›mÁ´›m^·VÏ. ÷Õ]B¬ ˛´V\∫Ôπ_ ̶© ÿ√ıÔ^ ÔË\ıÿÔVı| >‚|¬Ô^ ÿƒFkÁ>•D ÔV˛>›Á>¬ ÿÔVı| OıËB ∂È∫ÔV´© ÿ√VÚ‚Ô^ ÿƒFkÁ>•D ∂§Õ]ÚÕ> Wºk]Á> ®ÀkVÆ ÷Õ]BVs_ √V\´ÏÔπ¶D ̶© √´slÚÕ> ÔÁÈ›]≈Á\ÔÁ·© √B[√|›]¬ zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z¬ Ô_s Ôu∏¬Ô xΩ•D ®[√Á>¬ Ô_s›mÁ≈ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^·V\ºÈ Ô_s √u§B gÁ ∏≈©∏›m^·Á>¬ z§©∏‚| kÚÕ]•^·VÏ. ‡©º´Vÿ√_o[ E≈Õ> ºÔV‚√V|ÔÁ·fl ÿƒBu√|›mDÿ√Vøm, ÷Õ]B ∂§Ák•D, gu≈_ÔÁ·•D, ÔÁÈ›]≈Á\ÔÁ·•D √B[√|›>V\_, ∂ÕWB ÂV‚|fl ÛwK¬ºÔu≈ xÁ≈ÁB ∂©√ΩºB √B[√|›]™V_ cÈÔD ÂDÁ\¬ Ôı| Eˆ¬zD ®[√m Wºk]Á>l[ ÔÚ›m. ˛ı¶ÏÔV϶[ Ô_s xÁ≈ÁB ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ï xøÁ\BVÔ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^·› º>ÁkBV™ A›>Ô∫ÔÁ· c¶™ΩBVÔ© ÿ√≈ xBuE ÿƒF> Wºk]Á> ÷Õ]BVs_ ∂DxÁ≈ÁB ÷Õ]B¬ ÔÈVflƒV´fl ÿƒøÁ\ÁB•D Ôu∏¬zD kÁÔl_ ÿƒBu√|›> >VD ŒÚ ±_ ®ø> sÁwkÁ>•D ∑kVt ∂Ôı¶V™Õ>Ú¬z ®ø]B √]_ ÔΩ>›]_ z§©∏‚|^·VÏ. Ô_s √Ú©ÿ√VÚ‚ÔÁ·› mÁBVÔ¬ ÿÔVı| ÿ>V¶∫Ô©√|D. g™V_ Ô_sl[ ÷Æ] È‚EBD xøÁ\BV™ Ôk™›]uz© √luE ∂π›>KD, \™›Á> ŒÚxÔ©√|›m>Kº\ ÷À°ıÁ\ÁB ÷Õ]BV AˆÕm^·m. g™V_ nº´V©√V ŒÚÔVKD AˆÕm ÿÔV^· ÷BÈVm ®[≈ >™m ÔÚ›Á> ÿkπl‚|¬ ÔΩ>›Á> WÁ≈° ÿƒFm^·VÏ Wºk]Á>. ÷ÀkVÆ gμÕ> s≠B QV™›º>V|D ys´ º>ƒ √¬]ºBV|D, zÚ √¬]ºBV|D ]≈Á\•¶[ Ô_s› ÿ>Vı¶Vu§B ƒºÔV>ˆ Wºk]Á> cÆ]•¶[ ∞uƬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> Ô_s¬ ºÔV‚√V|Ô”D, Ô_s √u§B ∂k´m EÕ>Á™Ô”D gEˆBÏÔ”¬zD, \VkÏÔ”¬zD, ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ”¬zD, Ô_s› mÁ≈l™Ú¬zD tzÕ> √B™π©√Ák.
÷©√¬Ô›]uÔV™ s·D√´ W] c>s ®fi˜MBÏ ]Ú. ˜. \]kV[, ÿƒ[Á™
52
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´›]uz º>ÊB sÚm
Ô[MBVz\ˆ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D ÷ÀkVı|¬ÔV™ ƒ›√V_ t›>_ º>ÊB sÚm ä¬z› º>ÏÕÿ>|¬Ô©√‚|^·m. \V–¶ ºƒÁkl_ E≈©√V™ √Ë gu§B ¸>V√™∫Ô”¬ÔV™ sÚm ÷m. m[AÆD \M> ÷™›]uz mig_F° Œaflƒ_ ÷[§ sºkÔV™Õ > ºÔ Õ ] ´ D √ËBVu§ kÚkÁ> Ôk™›]_ ÿÔVı|, ºÂÚ E›>VÕ> ºÔÕ]´ Ω´¸‚ (Ÿ]BV™V) √ˆƒπ©A¬zø, ºÔ Õ ] ´ › Á> › º>ÏÕÿ>|›m^·m. Ÿ]BV™Vs_ (√fiƒV© \VWÈD) 11.11.2011 ∂[Æ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈ sÚm kw∫zD swVs_ √fiƒV© g”™Ï º\>z p Ek´VÎ √V‚œ_, ºÔÕ]´› mÁ›>ÁÈkÏ p ∞. √VÈ˛ÚiM¶D ÷ÀsÚÁ> kw∫˛™VÏ. ‘√VF ÷´ı| È‚ƒ›]uÔV™ ÔVºƒVÁÈ, ŒÚ >∫Ô© √>¬ÔD, ŒÚ √V´V‚|© √›]´D ÷Ák kw∫Ô©√‚¶™. g”™Ï >[ \˛μflE cÁ´l_ sºkÔV™Õ>© √VÁ≈ WÁ™kVÈB© √ˬz ÂV[ Â[ÿÔVÁ¶ ]´‚ΩB √ÁwB ÂV‚ÔÁ· WÁ™° ÌÏÕm ºÔÕ]´D ÷ÀsÚm ÿ√u≈]_ >™¬z \˛μflE ®[≈VÏ. Ω´¸‚ WÆk™Ï ƒJÔ ºƒkÔÏ p ƒ›√V_ t›>o[ WÁ™kVÔ ÷Õ> sÚm kw∫Ô©√|˛≈m.
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]
ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D ∑©AÈVA´D z\V´A´D, Ek˛ˆ, \ÁÈBΩ¬z§flE (A]B √^π) mÁ´flƒVtA´D, ÂVÔÈVA´D (#›m¬zΩ \Vk‚¶D) g˛BÁk ∑>Õ]´ ]™swVÁk zwÕÁ>Ô”¬z º>ƒ √¬] cÏ° >mDAD kıD ÿÔVı¶VΩ™. ∂DÁ√ÁB ∂|›> \[™VϺÔVs_, gÆxÔD√‚Ω, Am¬˛´V\D g˛BÁk•D ∑>Õ]´ ]™swVÁk ∂wz≈ ¶›]™. √ı¶V´A´xD swVs_ √∫ºÔu≈m. ÂD∏©√›mD ∂ÀkVº≈.
54
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
∏≈Õ> ÂV^ ∂fiƒo
∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï, sfiQV™D ä g[*ÔD
¶V¬¶Ï gÏ. E>D√´D
√V´> ∂´E[ x>[Á\ sfiQV™ gºÈVƒÔÏ, x[™V^ >ÁÈkÏ, √V´> ∂bƒ¬] gÁBD, ÷[™V^ mÁ›>ÁÈkÏ cÈÔ ∂bƒ¬] gÁBD
(Ô[MBVz\ˆ sºkÔV™Õ> ºÔÕ]´D \mÁ´l_ ∞u√V| ÿƒF]ÚÕ> >tμ ÿk_Ôºk!! ÂV¶·VsB ÿk_Ô ÿk_Ôºk ÷Á·QÏ xÔVt[ WÁ≈° swVs_ 26.01.2011 ∂[Æ gu§B WÁ≈°© º√ÚÁ´l[ >twV¬ÔD) 1984äD gıΩ_ √V´> ∂´∑ ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ ∏≈Õ> ÂV·V˛B ¤™kˆ 12än º>ÊB ÷Á·QÏ]™\VÔ ∂§s›>m. √V´> ÷Á·QÏÔ‚z, ∑kVt˜l[ >›mk∫Ô”D, ∂kÏ ®Õ> È‚EB∫Ô‚ÔVÔ kVμÕm. E´\©√‚| cÁw›>Vº´V ∂Õ> È‚EB∫Ô”D \Ô›>V™ ÿ>FTÔ© A›mÏflE >ÚD cÕmƒ¬]BVÔ ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D ®[√º> ∂Õ> ∂§s©∏[ ºÂV¬ÔD.
¤VDÿ≠‚˜ ¶V‚¶V
÷Á·QÏ Âº´Õ]´ÂV› >V[ ∏uÔVÈ›]_ ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï g™VÏ. ŒÚ ±u≈Vı|¬z x[ ∂kÏ kVμÕ> º√V]KD, ∂kÏ ÂT™ÔVÈ √V´> ÷Á·QÏÔπ[ ∏´]W]BVÔ› ]ÔμÕ>VÏ. ƒÕº>Ô©√|√k´VÔ°D, ÂD∏¬ÁÔ ∂u≈k´VÔ°D ∂kÏ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. ÂT™ÔVÈ© √z›>§kV·Ï ®kÁ´•D º√V_, √ˆºƒV>Á™ ÿƒFm √VϬÔV\_, ®Á>•D ∞uƬÿÔV^· ∂kÏ ÷∫Ôs_ÁÈ ä x[ÿ\VaB©√‚¶ ƒ\B cıÁ\ÔÁ·•D ̶›>V[. ∏uÔVÈ›]_ ∂kÏ, xMkÚD, ºBV˛•\V™ \Ô›>V™ p´V\˛Úi √´\«DvÚ¶[ ÿ>V¶ÏA ÿÔVı¶VÏ. p´V\˛Úi √´\«DƒÏ √V´D√ˆB, g[*Ô, m≈°ÿ§, c√W≠> √V´>›][ ∂Á¶BV·fl E[™D gkVÏ. ∂kÏÔ^ ÌΩ©º√EBm, ÿÔVfiƒ ÔVÈ›]uz ¶Õ>m. ∂>™V_ º´Õ]´ÂV›, ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï ®–D ÿ√Bˆ_ ÂT™ÔVÈ›]_ ∂›Ák> ºk>VÕ>›m¬z s·¬ÔD ∂π©√k´VÔ cÚ\V§™VÏ.
56
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
23.11.1898 ∂[Æ ¤VDÿ≠‚˜ ®[. ¶V‚¶V ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ú¬z ®ø]B ÔΩ>›]_ ‘‘√V´>›]_ ŒÚ sfiQV™ g´VFflE¬ ÔwÔ›][ >ÁÈÁ\© ÿ√VÆ©Á√ ∞uƬ ÿÔV^”D√Ω’’ ºÔ‚|¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ∏uÔVÈ›]_ ÷Õ> WÆk™D √∫ÔjÚ ÷Õ]B[ ÷[¸ΩΩR‚ g‡© ƒl[¸ ®[≈ ÿ√Bˆ_ AÔμÿ√u≈m. 1893ä_, ¤©√VM_ ÷ÚÕm ∂kÏÔ^ ÷ÚkÚD Œ[≈VÔfl ºƒÏÕm ∂ÿ\ˆ¬ÔV°¬z √BD º\uÿÔVıΩÚÕ>™Ï. ¶V‚¶V, √V´> ÂV‚|¬z, ÷ÚDA cÚ¬z› ÿ>VaÁȬ ÿÔVı| kÚD È‚EB©√Ël_ ~|√‚ΩÚÕ>VÏ. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï ¶V‚¶V°¬z gºÈVƒÁ™ ̧™VÏ. ‘‘cºÈVÔsB_ ÿ>Va_ Ob¬Ô›Á>¬ ÿÔVı| kÚkm \‚|D º√V>Vm. ÂD º>ƒ›]ºÈºB, ¶V‚¶V cºÈVÔsB_ sfiQV™›Á>•D k·Ï¬Ô ºkı|D.’’ ®Àk·° m´]ÚiΩ•¶[ ÌΩB gºÈVƒÁ™ ÷m! ®Õ>› ÿ>Va_ xÁ≈ sfiQVM•D ÷Á>s¶ º\ÈV™ gºÈVƒÁ™ÁB kw∫˛ ÷Ú¬Ô xΩBVm! ÷>™V_>V[ ¶V‚¶V sfiQV™›]uz^ ÷Õ>› m≈° \™©√V[Á\ÁB¬ ÿÔVı| k´ sÁwÕ>VÏ. ∑kVt sºÔV™Õ>Ú¬z ∂–©∏B ∂Áw©∏>a_ ¶V‚¶V ÌÆ˛≈VÏ. ‘‘÷Õ>© º√ˆB¬Ô›]uz (sfiQV™ g´VFflE¬ÔwÔD WÆ°D √ˬz) ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Á´ s¶ ºkÆ BVÏ ∂]Ô© ÿ√VÚ›>\V™ >·√]BVÔ ÷Ú¬Ô xΩ•D? ®™¬z› ÿ>ˆBs_ÁÈ.’’ ÷[Á≈B √V´>›]uz, >ÁÈÁ\© √ıAÁ¶BkÏÔ^ º>Ák ä ∂´EB_kV]Ô^, WÏkV˛Ô^, º\ÈVıÁ\BV·ÏÔ^, ÿ>Va_ ∂]√ÏÔ^, º√V´VπÔ^, sfiQVMÔ^ ä zÂÈflE≈©AÁ¶B >ÁÈkÏÔ^ º>Ák. ∂Ω©√Á¶¬ ÿÔV^ÁÔÔπ_ s‚|¬ ÿÔV|¬ÔV> \M>ÏÔ^ º>Ák. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï Ì§•^·VÏ. ‘‘ÿÔV^ÁÔÔÁ· s‚|¬ ÿÔV|¬zD s≠B›]_ ®flƒˆ¬ÁÔ•¶[ ÷Ú∫Ô^. BVÚ¶–D ƒflƒ´s_ ÷≈∫Ôºkı|D ®[Æ ÷>uz© ÿ√VÚ^ ÷_ÁÈ. ÷[√›]KD, m[√›]KD ¿∫Ô^ c∫Ô^ WÁÈ©√V‚Ω_ cÆ]•¶[ ÷Ú¬Ôºkı|D. ∏≈Ú¬ÔVÔ ÷ku§_ ¿∫Ô^ ŒÚº√VmD ƒˆ¬Ô‚Ω¬ ÿÔVı| º√VÔ ºkı¶VD. >[ ÔÚ›m¬z g>´° º>|D º√´VÁƒl_ ∏≈ÚÁ¶B ∂u√ gÁƒÔ‚z© √ËÕm º√VÔ ºkı¶VD. \Vÿ√ÚD sfiQV™ º\Á>BV™ n[¸Á¶[ ŒÚƒ\BD ̧™VÏ. ‘‘ŒÚ \Ô›>V™ sfiQVM¬z ∂§° >V[ x¬˛BD ®[Æ ÿ√ÚD√VÈV™ \¬Ô^ ÔÚm˛≈VÏÔ^. ∂kÏÔ^ ÌÆkm >kÆ. Â[™¶›Á>>V[, Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A›>V[ \Ô›>V™ sfiQVMÔÁ· cÚkV¬z˛≈m.’’
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
57
BVÏ ºkı|\V™V_ ÿ√ˆB sfiQVM g˛s¶ÈVD ®[Æ ÷>uz© ÿ√VÚ^ ∂_È! º√´§° Ô‚¶VBD º>Ák. g™V_ ∂m\‚|D º√V>Vm. Â[™¶›Á>, Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A, ∂]Ô x¬˛B›mkD cÁ¶Bm. Â[™¶›Á>, Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A ®[≈V_ ®[™ ®[Æ kÁ´BÆ›m s|km ®π>_È! ∂>[ÿ√VÚ^ ÂVBD/ ºÂÏÁ\. ∂>[ÿ√VÚ^, >M\M>Ï >[ zÁ≈WÁ≈Ô‚zD W[Æ º\[Á\ÁB sÚ©√›Á> º>Ωfl ÿƒ_K>_. ®]Ï©AÔπ[ x[™VKD s¶V\_ xBuE ÿƒFB ºkı|D ®[Æ ÷>uz© ÿ√VÚ^. º>ÊB È‚EB∫Ô^, ƒJÔ È‚EB∫Ô^ ÷kuƬºÔu√© ÿ√VÆ©A¶[ ¶Õm ÿÔV^”>_. ∂º>ƒ\BD, ¿], ƒx>VB WBVBD ÷ku§KD ÿ√VÆ©A¶[ ¶Õm ÿÔV^”>_ ®[Æ ÿ√VÚ^. Â[™¶›Á>/ Œø¬Ôfl E≈©A ®[√m, >ÁÈkÏÔ‚z \‚|t[§ ŒÀÿkVÚ zΩ\Ô–¬zº\ ºkı|D. ƒ√È∫Ô^, ÿÂÚ¬ÔΩÔ^ ∞u√|D º√VmD Œø¬ÔxD, ºÂÏÁ\•D ÿÔVıΩÚ¬Ô Á>ˆBD ºkı|D ®øÕm W_! Á>ˆB›m¶[ ÷Ú. √ÈD ÿÔVı| s·∫z ®[√m ∑kVt sºÔV™Õ>ˆ[ ÿƒVuÿ√Va°Ôπ_ ]ÚD√›]ÚD√ kÚD ÔÚ›m gzD. >M \M>Á´© º√VȺk, ŒÚ º>ƒ›]uzD √ÈD º>Ák. ÂV[ ∂Ω¬ÔΩ Ì§ kÕ]Ú¬˛º≈[. ‘‘º>ƒk· x[º™u≈xD, º>ƒ© √VmÔV©AD ŒÚ ÂVB›][ ÷´ı| √¬Ô∫Ô^. √VmÔV©∏_ÈV> k·x[º™u≈D g√›m¬z c^·VÔ¬ Ì|D. k·x[º™u≈D ÷_ÈV> ÿkÆD √VmÔV©A ®[√m ∂Ï›>t_ÈV>m. c∫Ôπ¶D √ÈD ÷Ú¬˛≈m ®[Æ ∏≈Ï ∞uƬ ÿÔV^k>V_ ∞u√|D tÔ©ÿ√ˆB ÈV√D ®[™ ÿ>ˆ•D! ∂Õ>© √È›Á> ¿∫Ô^ √B[√|›]¬ ÔV‚¶ ºkıΩB º>Ák ÷_ÁÈ ®[√m>V[! ¿∫Ô^ √ÈT™Ï ®[Æ ∏≈Ï ÔÚ]™V_ ∂>™V_ ®[™ Âi¶D? ®]ˆ ƒVÔƒD ÿƒFB› mk∫˛ s|kV[ ®[√º>.’’ cıÁ\l_ ÷m>V[ ‘‘ÂD√›>zÕ>, zÁ≈Õ> √‚ƒ ∂·sÈV™, ®]ˆÁB› >|¬zD ∂bƒ¬]’’ ®[≈ ÂD kV>›][ ∂Ω©√Á¶. cÈÔ›][ x[™Ë sfiQVMÔ·V™ n[¸Á¶[, ƒVD\Ïÿ‡√_‚ º√V[≈kÏÔπ¶›]_ √Ôk›ˇÁ> √V]©Á√ ∞u√|›]•^·m. ∂ÿ\ˆ¬ÔVs[ x>_ ∂bzı| ºƒV>Á™l_ º√ÿ´VπÁB© √VÏ›>mD ´V√Ï‚ mig_©√[ Í\Ï Ì§™VÏ. ®™¬z √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ ŒÚ √V¶_ WÁ™°¬z kÚ˛≈m. ∂]_ ˛Úi[ ∂Ï…™M¶D ÌÆ˛≈VÏ ‘‘®[ cıÁ\ kΩÁk ¿ Ôı¶V_ ∂m Œº´ ºÂ´›]_ gl´D ÛˆB[Ô^ ŒπT∑kÁ>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD ∂]Ô© ∏´ÔVƒ›m¶[ s·∫zD.’’ √Ôk›ˇÁ>l_ tÔ°D ƒV>V´\VÔ º\uºÔV^ ÔV‚¶©√|D ∑ºÈVÔD ‘Ô¶Á\ÁBfl ÿƒF, √ÈÁ™© √u§¬ ÔkÁÈ©√¶Vº>’ ®[Æ c∫Ô”¬z ºBVƒÁ™ ÌÆD √V¶_ >V[. (ÿ>V¶ÚD)
58
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
]Úk‚¶Vˆ_ y√ ka√V|
Ô [ M B V z \ ˆ \V>V˜ *´VAˆ ∂D√V^ ∂kÏÔ^ \Vk‚¶D ] Ú k ‚ ¶V Ï g]ºƒk© ÿ√ Ú \V ^ ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ Ê ´ Á\ © A ]Ú©√ËÔ^ ÿkz ºkÔ\VÔ Â¶Õm k Ú ˛ [ ≈ ™. gμkVÏÔ^ √V¶_ ÿ√u≈ 108 ]Ú©√]Ôπ_ Œ[≈V˛B ÷À∆ˆ_ ÂV[z gı| ÷Á¶ÿkπ¬z© ∏ ≈ z ºÔÕ]´ ]Ús·¬z© ØÁ¤ \Æmk¬ÔD ÿ√uÆ^·m. c^jÏ ∂[√ÏÔπ[ cÁw©AD, √¬]•D, ~|√V|D º√Vu≈›>¬ÔÁk. ˛´V\ x[º™u≈› ]‚¶fl ÿƒBÈV·Ï, ÿk^π\ÁÈ g›\EkV™Õ>V ∑kVt, ]Úk™Õ>A´D ∂[√Ï EkD >D√]l™Ï g˛ºBVÏ E≈©AÁ´ gu§™Ï. EÆkÏ A›>Ô \VÁÈl[ Am ÿkπX|Ô^ ÷ÀswVs_ ÿkπl¶©√‚¶™. ÿ‚¶V∫ºÔV| ƒV´º>¸kˆ gE´\›][ \V>V˜ *´VAˆ ∂D√V^ ∂kÏÔ^ ]Ús·¬z© ØÁ¤ÁB ¶›]™VÏÔ^. 47 ªÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm kÕ> 1000 >VF\VÏÔ^ ka√V| ¶›]™Ï. Â[§•Á´ ]Ú\] ˛ÚiD\V^.
k^πRˆ_ ºBVÔ©√luE xÔVD
k^πRˆ_ ºÔÕ]´D ¶›]B ºBVÔ© √luE xÔVt_ 87 º√Ï ŒÚkV´D √luE ®|›>™Ï. gıÔ”¬z ÔVÁÈlKD, ÿ√ıÔ”¬z \VÁÈlKD, n.u§.n \VkÏÔ”¬z √Ô_ ºÂ´›]KD kz©A¬Ô^ ¶Õ>™. ºÔÕ]´ s.ºÔ.s. >V·V·Ï ®¸.ºÔ. ∑©∏´\ËB[, ÿƒBÈV·Ï ]Ú. nB©√[, ∂[√Ï ]Ú. ÔÕ>ƒVt, ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ≠ıxÔ √V´], ]Ú\] ¤V™˛Ai√D, ®D. s\ÈV g˛ºBVÏ √luE ¶›]•D, s·¬Ô cÁ´ ∂π›mD xÔVt[ ÿku§¬z ∂ΩºÔVo™VÏÔ^. ˛ˆBV √luEÁB ºÔVs_√‚Ω ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶Ï √´\zÚ Â¶›]™VÏ. z|D√ kVμs[ #FÁ\ÁB kuAÆ›mD ÿƒVuÿ√Va°¶[ xÔVD Ø´D ∂Á¶Õ>m.
∂\´Ï ƒ´¸k] ˛Úi[ ∂kÏÔ^ WÁ™kVÔ
60
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
∂D√Vƒx›]´›]_ ƒ\B \VÂV|
ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D ∂D√Vƒx›]´D ]Ú.ƒ∫Ô´[˜ >ÁÈÁ\cÁ´, √z]l_ ºÔÕ]´© √ËÔ”¬z ]Ú\] ¤V™˛Ai√D E≈©AÁ´ ÿ√Vm\¬ÔπÁ¶ºB Â_È k´ºkuA cı|. z§©√VÔ gEˆB© ÿ√Ú\¬Ô^ ºÔÕ]´›]_ È‚EB∫ÔÁ·© AˆÕm ÿÔVı| ÿ>Vı| Aˆ•D ∂§° √Á¶›>kÏÔ^, ]≈Á\¬zD √fiƒD ÷_ÁÈ. ∂DÁ√ ºÔV\] \«Vo_ ƒ\B kz©A \VÂV|D ÷º>º√V_ E≈©A≈ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m. #›m¬zΩ ºÔÕ]´ ÂÔÏ ∏´x¬ ]Ú. ƒ∫Ô´[ gE•Á´ kw∫˛™VÏÔ^. ∂Á¶flƒVË, ÷Á¶¬ÔV_, Am˛´V\D, \[™VϺÔVs_, gÆxÔD√‚Ω, ÂÁ´B©√A´D ƒ\B kz©A \Vkfl ÿƒ_k∫Ô^ 122 º√Ï √∫ºÔu≈™Ï. ÂV¶Ô∫Ô^, º√fl∑, ÿ>Fk› ]Úº\M ºk¶D, >MÂΩ©A, zø© √V¶_Ô^, WÁ≈B √ˆ∑Ô^, ºÔÕ]´ ƒºÔV>ˆ ]Ú\] ¤V™˛Ai√›][ WÁ≈°Á´ g˛Bku≈V_ swV ÿ√Vo° ÿ√uÆ s·∫˛Bm. >Ôk_ ]Ú\] E. ƒ´¸k]
******************** **********************
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
61
ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒF]Ô^
∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ 150äkm ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ swV x[ÿ™Vπ
z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D º√B[za ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ 150äkm ∏≈Õ> ÂV^ swVÁk c^jÏ \¬Ôπ[ g>´°¶[ ÿÔVı¶V|k>uÔVÔ g∫ÔV∫ºÔ c^jϬ zø¬Ô^ ∂Á\›m ºÔÕ]´D √ËAˆÕm kÚ˛≈m. º√B[zal_ ¶Õ> swVs_ ]Ú¬ºÔVs_ ÿ√VÆ©√V·ÏÔ”D, ªÏ© ÿ√ˆBkÏÔ”D, √^π› >ÁÈÁ\ gEˆÁB•D Œ[Æ ÌΩ swVÁk ®©√Ωfl E≈©√VÔ Â¶›>ÈVD ®[Æ ]‚¶t‚| ÿƒB_√|›>› mk∫˛ c^·VÏÔ^. ªÏ›>ÁÈkÏ p √›\ÂV√[ ÿ√VÆ©º√uƬ ÿÔVı| ∂Á™kÚ¬zD cuƒVÔD ª‚|˛≈VÏÔ^. ºÔÕ]´› ÿ>Vı¶ÏÔ^ ]Ú. ∂ÚÁ\›>∫ÔxD, ‹ÈV°D Ô·©√Ël_ ÷≈∫˛ s‚¶V_ ÿku§¬z¬ ºÔ‚ÔkV ºkı|D! ºÔÕ]´ WÆk™Ï \V. ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ WÁ™° ÂV^ z\ˆ \Vk‚¶D zÆÕÿ>V‚ΩsÁ·, º\¬ÔV|, A›>·D, Ôo∫Ô´V¤A´D, ÿ\V‚¶sÁ·, º√Á´ ]¬z§flE, ºÔV‚¶sÁ· g˛B √VÈÏ√^πÔπ_ \È´fiƒo, ∏´VÏ›>Á™ ÷kuƶ[ ∂[AD, \ˆBVÁ>•D ÿ√V∫Ô Â¶›>©√‚¶m. ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>Ï E¬ÔVºÔV ÿƒVuÿ√Va° gu§B cÈÔ ƒºÔV>´›mk ]™D ºÔÕ]´© √VÈÏ√^πÔπ_ ªÏkÈD, E≈©AÁ´, √ˆƒπ©A, ÿ√uº≈VÏ Ì‚¶D zwÕÁ>Ôπ[ ÔÁÈWÔμflEÔ^ ÷kuƶ[ cuƒVÔD ÿ√V∫zD kıD ¶›>©√‚¶m. #›m¬zΩ \Vk‚¶D ≠ıxÔA´D ∏. >∫ÔD\V^A´D, Ì‚¶VDAπ, ÿƒ¬ÔV´¬zΩ, ÿÂ_ÁÈ \Vk‚¶D Ek˛ˆ g˛Bku§_ ÷ÀswV ∂wz≈ ÿÔVı¶V¶©√‚¶m. ºÔVs_√‚Ω ÈVB_ t_o_ ºBVÔ© √luE kz©AD, cÈÔ ƒºÔV>´›mk ]™xD ÷ÁÕm ¶›>©√‚¶™. ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ∑kVt sºkÔV™Õ>ˆ[ c√º>ƒ© ∏´∑´D kw∫Ô©√‚¶m. ∂Ú©A¬ºÔV‚Á¶ ÔVÕ] s›BVÈB›]_ c^jÏ ºÔÕ]´¬ ˛Á· ¶›]B ÂÔÏ©A≈© √ı√V‚|© º√V‚Ωl_ ¸º¶‚ k∫˛ º\ÈV·Ï ÿƒ_ÈD, ºÔÕ]´fl ÿƒBÈV·Ï ]Ú. nB©√[, >ÁÈÁ\ gEˆBÏ ∑kVt ÂVÔo∫Ô™VÏ, ∂[√Ï QV™ ÿƒ·Õ>ˆ, g˛ºBVÏ E≈©AÁ´ gu§™Ï. 23 √^πÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm 316 \VkÏÔ”D, 35 gEˆBÏÔ”D, nÕm ÿ√uº≈VÏÔ”D √∫ºÔu≈™Ï. swV ∞u√V| ]Ú. º√flEB©√[, \ÔVo∫ÔD, ´V¤ÿÈ’t, Ô™ÔVD√´D. z\ˆ \Vk‚¶ √VÈÏ √^πÔ^ ∞¬ÂV›˜l[ WÁ™° ÂVÁ· √¬] E´›Á>•¶[ ÿÔVı¶VΩ™.
62
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ
®[.®¸.∏
WÈV¬ˇuÆ
>twÔ›]_ √¬] ÿk^·D ÿ√Ú˛¶fl ÁƒkD >Õ> ∂Ú^Â] ]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ ]ÚW[≈ÿƒDÁ\ ®[√m ]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒˆ[ kVμ¬ÁÔ Á\BD. ∂[Á™ cÁ\l[ ÿ√Vu˛ı© √VÈx][ QV™\D QV™ƒD√Õ>Ï √V¶_Ôπ_ Ô\øD. ÛÈ›>V[ ∂Ú·V_ ÛÁÈ ¿∫˛B ∑ÔD ÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ √V¶_Ôπ_ >mDAD. ]ÚxÁ™© √VΩ ÂV‚Ω_ ]ÚkVJˆ_ ∏≈Õ>kÏ ]ÚÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ. >ÕÁ> AÔw™VÏ; >VF \V]MBVÏ; >\¬ÁÔ ]ÈÔk]BVÏ. ÷·Á\› ]ÚÂV\D \Ú^ ¿¬˛BVÏ. ƒ\D ƒVÏÕm ∏[ ÁƒkD *ı¶VÏ. ∂ÚπB √V¶_Ô^ 4ä5ä6 ]ÚxÁ≈Ôπ_ Ek\D Ô\w g[*ÔD º√¬ ÔVı˛º≈VD. ÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ √V¶_Ôπ_ JkÁÔ ∂–√k∫Ôπ[ z´_Ô^ ÿ>πkVÔ Œo¬Ô¬ ÔVı˛[º≈VD. 1) cÈÔ ∂–√k∫Ôπ[ ÿkDÁ\, 2) ÷Á≈B–√k›][ >ıÁ\, 3) ÿkDÁ\lM[Æ >ıÁ\ÁB ÂV|D √B ∂–√kD. \Ú^ ¿¬˛BVˆ[ ÷·Á\ ∂–√k∫Ô^ Ôƒ©√V™Ák; ÿÔV|Á\BV™Ák. >ÕÁ>l[ \´Dä>Vl[ \´Dä>\¬ÁÔ¬z© º√EB \\Ô[ \´D ä \´›m¬z› mËÕ> >\¬ÁÔ >[ ÿ√VÚ‚| kVw xΩÿk|›m ∞uƬ ÿÔVı¶ ÷·Á\›m≈° ä ®™ ∂ÁÈ ∂ÁÈBVF¬ Ôƒ©AÔ^! ÷flÛwo_ ÿ√u≈ WÁÈBVÁ\ cÏs[ ÔȬԛÁ>fl ƒ\D ~Ï›>m. >\¬ÁÔl[ ∏´VÏ›>Á™ºBV Áƒk›m¬z *‚¶m. g™V_ ƒ\D A]B xÔD ÔV‚ΩBm. kfiƒÁ™BV_ m´›]Bm! >twÔ›]_ ºkÆ ®Õ> g[*ÔÚD ÷›mÁ √ÁÔÿk§¬z ÷ȬÔVÔs_ÁÈ. ÂV°¬Ô´ƒÏ >VF\>D ¿∫˛fl ƒ\D ÿƒ[≈º√Vm ®Õ> k[xÁ≈•D WÔws_ÁÈ ]ÈÔk]l[ ∏´VÏ›>Á™ \‚|º\ ®]ÏW[≈m. g™V_ ∂kÏ >VF\>D *ı¶º√Vm ÂfiÛ‚¶KDäBVÁ™ t]•Dä¿u≈Á≈•D, Ô_∏Á›m¬ Ô¶_ ®§>KD ∂´ƒ√È›º>V| ∂kÿ´]º´ ∂Ëkz›>™. ÷¬Ôƒ©AÔ”D, ÿkDÁ\Ô”D ∂kÏ √V¶_Ô”¬z ∂–√k x]ÏflE >Õ>™. gwtz kVμ¬ÁÔ© √VÏÁk >Õ>™. ÷ÀÿkDÁ\l[ √]° ∂kÏ √V¶_Ôπ_ cı|ä ∂´u≈ÈVÔ ∂[Æ; >ıÁ\› º>¶ÈVÔ. ÷›>ıÁ\› º>¶o_ x˛μ©√º> ∂kÏ ÔVbD kVμ¬ÁÔ Á\B\V˛B ]ÚW[≈ ÿƒDÁ\. ÷›>ıÁ\ ä ÷flÿƒDÁ\ ä ÔÚ] ∂kÏ º\uÿÔV^”D √Bº\ ∂k´m √V¶_Ôπ_ sˆ˛≈m. >È∫Ô^ √È ÔVı˛≈m. ∂kÏ √BD. ∂∫z ÿ√ÆD >ˆƒ™∫Ô”D, ∂–√k∫Ô”D mig_Ï ∂uA> g[*Ôfl ÿƒøÁ\ÁB ÂDx[ ]≈¬˛≈m.
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
63
ÿ√ıV¶Ô›]_ ÛÈä÷¶√¬z§ÿ√≈_äTatwÁÈl_ √fiƒD º√V¬zD √Ω¬ÔV∑ ÿ√≈_ ä \Á≈¬ ÔV‚Ω_ Ô>kD ]≈›>_ ä √ÁwBVÁ≈l_ ƒ\ı\Á≈›> ÷o∫ÔD ÿ√≈_ ä ]∫Ôjˆ_ ∂©Ø]∂ΩÔπ[ sÚÕº>u≈_ ä Á√fiQo©√VÁ>l_ ºƒVÆD, ¿ÚD, ka›mÁ•D ÿ√≈_ ä ]ÚÁkBVu§_ ÔlÁÈ >ˆƒ™D ÔV© ÿ√≈_ ä ®™› ]Ú›>È BV›]Á´l_ ∂ÁÈ∂ÁÈBVF ∂–√k∫Ô^ \ÈÏ˛[≈™. #ıΩ_ ˛º¶flEl[ ƒÈ™D º\ºÈ; *M[ ÔÀk_ ˇºw! ÷Àk–√k∫Ô·V_ ÔÀk©√|D ∂Ô©√B g[\ ÂÈ∫Ô^ ∂uA>\V™Ák! ‘kVF›>m ÂD >\¬z ~º>VÏ ∏≈s; \]›]|t[’ ®[–D gwD; ‘®[ Ô¶[ √Ë ÿƒFm ˛¶©√º>’ ®[–D Aˆ>_; ‘ÂV\VϬzD zΩB_ºÈVD’ ®[–D y´D; ‘ºÔV›]´xD zÈxD ÿÔVıÿ¶[ ÿƒFTÏ’ ®[–D Êu≈D; ‘WÁÈÿ√Æ\VÆ ®ıb]ºB_ ÿÂfiºƒ ¿kV’ ®[–D √ˆ°; ‘z§¬ºÔVπ_ÈVm ÿÔ‚º¶[’ ®[–D ®flƒˆ¬ÁÔ; ‘ÔM >Õ>V_ ÔM cı°D k_oº´’ ®[–D ÔM°; ‘\M›>© ∏≈s•D ºkı|kº>’ ®[–D z#ÔÈD; ‘º>Ω¬Ôı| ÿÔVıº¶[’ ®[–D ÿ√Út>D, ‘Ek[ ®[–D mig_Áƒ ∂_ÈV ÂÁ≈ºBV cÈ˛_ ]ÚW[≈ ÿƒDÁ\ c·º>’ ®[–D QV™D ä ®™fl E>ÆD ∂Á™›m kı∫Ô”D ÿkDÁ\lM[Æ >ıÁ\¬z ¶¬zD √¬]© √VÁ>l[ ∂Áw©A¬ z´_Ôº·! ∂–√k x]ÏflEºB √ˆ°¶[ ÁÔ>Õm cÈÔ ÿkDÁ\lM[Æ Ek› >ıÁ\¬z ∂[A¶[ ∂Áw›mfl ÿƒ_KD ∂uA> ÷MÁ\ºB ∂©√Ï º>kV´D. ‘\VE_ TÁ•D \VÁÈ \]BxD T∑ ÿ>[≈KD T∫˛· ºkMKD J∑ kı¶Á≈ ÿ√VFÁÔ•D º√V[≈º> ~ƒ[ ®ÕÁ> ÷ÁBΩ ¿wºÈ.’ Printed by : Shri. Pravin V. Dabholkar at M/s RNR Printers and Publishers, 8, Thandavarayan Street, Triplicane, Chennai - 600 005.
Published by : Shri. Pravin V. Dabholkar for Vivekananda Kendra Prakashan Trust, 5, Singarachari Street, Triplicane, Chennai - 600 005. Editor : Shri. P. Parameshwaran, P r e s i d e n t, Vivekananda Kendra, Vivekanandapuram, Kanyakumari - 629 702.
64
sºkÔkVË / ¤™kˆ 2012
Download PDF: Jan 2012.pdf